《慢性下肢静脉疾病自评系统》诊断能力和应用价值分析

目的评价《慢性下肢静脉疾病自评系统》的诊断能力和应用价值。方法基于互联网+和自媒体平台开发创建《慢性下肢静脉疾病自评系统》,在职业人群和普通人群中完成测评后由血管外科主治医师进行临床诊断,比较自评系统结果与临床诊断结果的一致性,同时对研究对象进行访谈,了解自评系统的使用情况。结果职业人群和普通人群《慢性下肢静脉疾病自评系统》自评是否患病结果与临床诊断结果完全一致;职业人群中自评系统与临床诊断对疾病分级的加权Kappa=0.982(P<0.001),普通人群中自评系统与临床诊断对疾病分级的加权Kappa=0.936(P<0.001),一致性较好。人群对自评系统的使用感好、接受度高。结论《慢性下肢静脉疾病自评系统》在人群中具有良好的诊断价值和应用价值,实用性和适用性好,可在人群中进行推广使用。

出院病案质量自评系统的开发和应用

目的完善病案质量控制体系,充分发挥群众的力量,提高病案质量,达到医院评审的要求,保障医疗安全。方法运用临床科室出院病案自评系统,对出院病案实施科级质控,持续改进病案质量。结果自2015年6月使用出院病案自评系统后,质控出院病案评分率由原来的10%提高到70%,甲级病案率有原来的85%提升到98%。结论出院病案质量自评系统的使用,使得参与质控的病案数量、比例和范围均有显著提高,消除丙级病案,出院病案的完整性、准确性、及时性明显提高,且呈现持续改进态势,为后续的医疗、病案复制等活动奠定坚实的基础。

广州市MSM“HIV感染风险在线自评系统”使用者风险特征分析

目的 分析2015-2017年广州市MSM使用HIV感染风险在线自评系统(自评系统)在不同情况下HIV感染风险的特征.方法 采集广州市MSM2015-2017年自评系统使用者的评估数据,基于自评系统的HIV感染危险度评估模型,将危险因素赋值为危险分数,以普通人群为参照组(R值为0.9~1.1),由低到高的风险等级分为极低风险(R≤0.5)、低风险(0.5<R≤0.9)、中度风险(0.9<R≤1.1)、高度风险(1.1<R≤2.0)和极高风险(R>2.0).比较MSM不同情况下的风险等级、可改变危险因素得分的特征差异.结果 共纳入研究对象MSM4 601人,年龄16~64(28.38±7.11)岁,户籍分别为广州市、广东省和外省的各占38.6%(1 776/4 601)、35.4%(1 629/4601)和26.0%(1 197/4 601),文化程度本科及以上的占59.6%(2 742/4 601),性取向为男同性恋的占81.3%(3 741/4 601).风险等级为极低、低、中度、高和极高风险的分别为12.9%(594/4601)、50.9%(2 342/4601)、17.0%(783/4601)、14.8%(682/4 601)和4.3%(200/4601).可改变危险因素得分逐年降低(P<0.05).相比于其他的性角色和性取向者,性角色为“插入方或被插入方均做”、性取向为异性恋者的可改变危险因素得分均较高(P<0.05).结论 广州市MSM自评系统使用者的风险等级评分值得关注,性角色为“插入方或被插入方均做”和性取向为异性恋者的风险等级和可改变因素危险得分均最高,需进一步研究其原因和可行的干预策略.

计算机基础技能测评系统的设计与实现

高职院校学生的计算机基础技能是一项必要的技能素养,《计算机应用基础》课程则是该项技能在课程体系中的载体。课程需要通过实际操作来评定学生的技能掌握情况,所以在教育教学改革基础上加强对学生各个实操过程的质量监控就变得非常重要。文章从目前市面上常用的操作测评工具进行分析,结合实际工作中对学生技能掌握的具体要求,以基于实操为主的测评手段,通过VBA开发工具进行“计算机基础技能测评系统”的设计,阐述了包括测评题目设计、VBA程序开发和系统总体设计的思路,为提高课程教学质量提供重要的数据依据。

系统家庭动力学自评问卷亲子报告的一致性

目的 探索系统家庭动力学自评问卷亲子报告的一致性及其影响因素.方法 应用系统家庭动力学自评问卷（self-rating scale of systemic family dynamics,SSFD）研究了639例10～18岁正常儿童及其父母对家庭动力学评价的一致性,以及可能的影响因素.结果 父母与子女对SSFD四个维度的评分差异有统计学意义,父母对家庭气氛、个性化和疾病观念三个维度的评分低于子女的评分（均P＜0.01）,而父母对系统逻辑的评分高于子女的评分（P＜0.01）；父母与子女对SSFD的报告呈正相关性,但一致性程度为中等偏下水平（r=0.15～0.38,均P＜0.01）.一致性水平由高到低分别为家庭气氛、个性化、系统逻辑、疾病观念.父母及子女年龄对SSFD亲子报告的一致性有影响.结论 虽然父母与子女对SSFD的报告均可用来对家庭动力学进行评定,但需注意年龄及亲子评分的差异性对研究结果的影响.

Bus transit travel time reliability evaluation based on automatic vehicle location data

In order to provide important parameters for schedule designing, decision-making bases for transit operation management and references for passengers traveling by bus, bus transit travel time reliability is analyzed and evaluated based on automatic vehicle location （AVL） data. Based on the statistical analysis of the bus transit travel time, six indices including the coefficient of variance, the width of travel time distribution, the mean commercial speed, the congestion frequency, the planning time index and the buffer time index are proposed. Moreover, a framework for evaluating bus transit travel time reliability is constructed. Finally, a case study on a certain bus route in Suzhou is conducted. Results show that the proposed evaluation index system is simple and intuitive, and it can effectively reflect the efficiency and stability of bus operations. And a distinguishing feature of bus transit travel time reliability is the temporal pattern. It varies across different time periods.

ESTIMATION OF ECOLOGICAL SERVICE VALUES OF WETLANDS IN SHANGHAI, CHINA

Shanghai is a coastal metropolitan city with various types of natural wetlands, which account for 23.5% of its total area. According to the definition of wetland in Ramsar Convention on Wetlands, the wetlands of Shanghai were classified into 4 types: coastal, riverine, lacustrine, and reservoir and pond wetlands. In order to examine the roles of wetlands in the life-support system of Shanghai, we calculated the area of each type of the wetlands using GIS technique, and then measured the ecological service values of different ecosystems in Shanghai based on the classification of ecosystem services proposed by COSTANZA et al. (1997). The estimated annual value of ecosystem services in the study area was 7.3×109US$/a for the total area of 1 356 700ha, among which about 97% was provided by the wetlands. Effective conservation and management of wetlands are therefore crucial to Shanghai’s sustainable development. The limitations of the evaluation method for ecosystem service value were also discussed in the present paper.

Research Progress in Agricultural Vulnerability to Climate Change

With the deepening of climate change research, more attention has been paid to vulnerability to climate change. Compared with water resources, forests and other natural ecosystems, agriculture is more vulnerable to climate change, thereby scientifically assessing agricultural vulnerability to climate change is of great significance to the formulation of rational and effective adaptation strategies. In this paper, the authors give a comprehensive review of the research from the perspective of the definition of climate change vulnerability and agricultural vulnerability to climate change, research topics, and evaluation methodologies. Existing problems in current research, including scenario application, methods, and uncertainties, are analyzed, and meanwhile, a vision of the direction for future research in assessment of agricultural vulnerability is also presented.

Comprehensive Assessment on Tourism Eco-environment of Gansu Province Based on Spatial Data

The article studies tourism eco-environment of 14 cities of Gangsu Province, China, based on GIS with many kinds of multi-subject spatial database, such as remote sensing data, observation data and literature data. The research results were as follows. First, spatial features of 14 cities' tourism eco-environment are displayed with five levels of vulnerability respectively. The vulnerability in Gansu becomes worse from Gannan City, located in southern Gansu to Hexi Corridor which lies in northwestern Gansu. Second, the areas of above the middle vulnerability level make up 75% of the total areas of Gansu Province. Third, more than 70% of high-level human and natural tourism resources are in the areas with high vulnerability eco-environment. Fourth, it is crucial to develop comprehensive tourism industry in order to improve the harmonious development between tourism industry and eco-environment in Gansu Province.

Indoor Air Quality and Thermal Comfort Evaluation in Latvian Daycare Centers with Carbon Dioxide, Temperature and Humidity as Indicators

Latvian children under the age of 7 can spend up to 60 hours per week in daycare centers and therefore it is very important to establish a healthy and comfortable daycare environment that children will find pleasant and stimulating to stay in. This study investigates indoor air quality and thermal comfort within six daycare centers （old, renovated and new-built） in moderate climate zone of Latvia. Measurements of carbon dioxide, air temperature and relative humidity were carried out, and data regarding daycare center characteristics and maintenance activities was collected via combination of field visits, record analysis and interviews. It was found that carbon dioxide concentrations exceeded 1000 ppm in 75% of daycare centers studied, with the highest （1356 ppm） measured in a renovated facility with the natural ventilation system. Thus installation of more efficient ventilation system （mechanical） is recommended to provide acceptable indoor air quality, since opening of windows itself cannot provide the optimal conditions indoors. In all facilities the temperature was kept above 20℃ and the average relative humidity was 40±35%, creating comfortable thermal environment for children.

EMERGENCE FROM LOCAL EVALUATION FUNCTION

This paper presents a new look on emergence from the aspect of locality andglobality of evaluation functions for solving traditional computer problems. We first translate theConstraint Satisfaction Problem (CSP) into the multi-agent system, and then show how a globalsolution emerges from the system in which every agent uses a local evaluation function to decide itsaction, while comparing to other traditional algorithms, such as Local search and SimulatedAnnealing which use global evaluation functions. We also give some computer experimental results onlarge-scale N-queen problems and κ-Coloring problems, and show that emergence only depends onproblem instance, not details of agent settings, i.e. in some CSPs, the system can self-organize toa global solution, but can not in some other CSPs no matter what settings of agents have.