基于船-水-冰耦合技术的撞击参数对船冰碰撞性能的影响

以极地运输船舶的首部作为研究对象,建立基于流固耦合算法的船-水-冰耦合技术对三维船首与冰体碰撞的结构响应问题进行研究,成功解决了船体、冰体与流场、船体与冰体之间的耦合,考虑了碰撞过程中船体与冰体的同步损伤,并结合非线性有限元软件Ls-dyna对比分析了冰体质量、船冰碰撞角度等撞击参数的结构响应问题,分析了不同碰撞工况下船舶撞击冰体后损伤变形、碰撞力等方面的变化特征,对分析船舶与冰体碰撞的结构性能具有参考价值。

考虑船-冰-水耦合的寒地航行实体靶船载荷响应分析

为了研究寒地海域航行实体靶船与浮冰发生碰撞过程中的载荷响应,基于S-ALE流固耦合方法和罚函数接触理论构建船-冰-水耦合的数值模型,展开冰-水耦合、船-水耦合以及船-冰-水耦合机理的研究,详细分析碰撞过程中产生的水阻力与冰载荷。结果表明,S-ALE方法在处理船-冰-水相互作用时可以较好地模拟碰撞场景。船体受载主要由水阻力与冰载荷构成,冰载荷占据主要成分。水阻力受到航速的影响,且水域对冰载荷起到了削弱作用;冰载荷随浮冰厚度、尺寸的增加而增加,浮冰尺寸的影响程度高于冰厚。

水介质中船体板架模型与冰体碰撞试验研究

本文初步引入了对船冰碰撞过程中水介质存在作用的思考,来验证船-水-冰耦合碰撞数值仿真方法的合理性和可行性以及深入研究水介质中船体与冰体碰撞的结构响应问题。文中以某实船舷侧板架为研究对象,以缩尺比1:10加工模型,在水池中测得不同速度冰体撞击板架过程中板架结构各部位的应变值以及板架变形量;建立与模型试验相同的板架与冰体模型,进行数值仿真,将试验和仿真计算获得变形及应力峰值作对比,从而总结出不同撞击速度对船-水-冰耦合碰撞结果的影响规律。

Experimental Study on the Resistance of a Transport Ship Navigating in Level Ice

This study investigates the resistance of a transport ship navigating in level ice by conducting a series of model tests in an ice tank at Tianjin University. The laboratory-scale model ship was mounted on a rigid carriage using a one-directional load cell and then towed through an ice sheet at different speeds. We observed the ice-breaking process at different parts of the ship and motion of the ice floes and measured the resistances under different speeds to determine the relationship between the ice-breaking process and ice resistance. The bending failure at the shoulder area was found to cause maximum resistance. Furthermore, we introduced the analytical method of Lindqvist （1989） for estimating ice resistance and then compared these calculated results with those from our model tests. The results indicate that the calculated total resistances are higher than those we determined in the model tests.