利用在杭州湾西部良渚古城遗址附近获取的沉积物岩芯,试图通过高精度加速器质谱(AMS)测年以及多气候、环境代用指标的分析来揭示中全新世以来良渚地区的气候、环境变迁历史,进而讨论其与良渚文化消亡的可能联系.对沉积物的有孔虫分析显...利用在杭州湾西部良渚古城遗址附近获取的沉积物岩芯,试图通过高精度加速器质谱(AMS)测年以及多气候、环境代用指标的分析来揭示中全新世以来良渚地区的气候、环境变迁历史,进而讨论其与良渚文化消亡的可能联系.对沉积物的有孔虫分析显示:在大约7500 5200 cal a B.P.期间,研究区为富含有孔虫的潮滩相沉积环境;而约5200 cal a B.P.以来,有孔虫逐渐消失,反映了研究区逐渐脱离海水影响成陆的过程.孢粉记录显示:研究区在约5200 5000 cal a B.P.期间以常绿、落叶阔叶植被为主,伴有少量针叶植被,气候总体上相对暖湿.而在大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.期间,针叶植被的相对增加总体反映了趋于凉湿的气候.在约4000 1500 cal a B.P.期间,虽然常绿阔叶植被重新占据相对优势,但总体呈现逐渐减少的趋势,同时落叶阔叶类植被增加,表明了趋暖偏干的气候;同时,该段水生草本、蕨类植被和藻类的相对增加或许反映了研究区下垫面开始沼泽、湿地化的趋势.约1500 400 cal a B.P.期间,木本植被整体呈减少趋势,陆生草本植被则大量增加,针叶植被进一步减少,表明气候进一步趋干;同时,水生草本和藻类的急剧增加,可能反映了湿地化加剧的状况.最近约400 cal a B.P.以来,针叶植被急剧增加,常绿阔叶植被减少,可能反映了气候突然变冷的过程.岩芯下段禾本科孢粉(>40μm)的出现与研究区脱海成陆的时间相吻合,这表明良渚时期(大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.)研究区水稻种植已有一定规模.但在大约4000 cal a B.P.前后的良渚文化末期,禾本科孢粉浓度一度出现降低,这可能反映了研究区人类活动强度的减弱,其与良渚文明衰落的时间基本吻合.总体上看,这一变化发生在趋干的气候背景以及沼泽化、湿地化加剧的下垫面条件下,暗示了气候、环境因素对良渚文明的衰落可能具有重要影响.展开更多
Multi-proxy data from pollen,phytolith and archaeology are combined to discuss the possible relationship between early agricultural activity and natural environment(especially water condition)during late Liangzhu peri...Multi-proxy data from pollen,phytolith and archaeology are combined to discuss the possible relationship between early agricultural activity and natural environment(especially water condition)during late Liangzhu period at Bianjiashan site,Zhejiang Province.Three stages of human impact changes are defined.During the first stage,pollen assemblage indicated a well-diversified broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest(dominated by evergreen/deciduous Quercus,Altingia,Liquidambar,Tilia,Zelkova,Juglans,etc),which corresponds to a warm and wet condition.Rice pollen and phytolith records show rice agricultural cultivation on the low-lying field area.With the rise of the precipitation(during the second stage),rice glum phytolith decreases,and tree phytolith goes up,which reflects the intense deforestation,corresponding to the excavation of flood control facilities,i.e.the dock.Because of poor pollen preservation at the third stage,phytolith analysis provides an alternate means for understanding the relationship between man and nature.At this stage,wild grasses and reed flourished in the low-lying plain area nearby the site,rice agricultural activity continued.The variation of tree pollen concentration shows the intensification of human impact since late Liangzhu Culture period.展开更多
文摘利用在杭州湾西部良渚古城遗址附近获取的沉积物岩芯,试图通过高精度加速器质谱(AMS)测年以及多气候、环境代用指标的分析来揭示中全新世以来良渚地区的气候、环境变迁历史,进而讨论其与良渚文化消亡的可能联系.对沉积物的有孔虫分析显示:在大约7500 5200 cal a B.P.期间,研究区为富含有孔虫的潮滩相沉积环境;而约5200 cal a B.P.以来,有孔虫逐渐消失,反映了研究区逐渐脱离海水影响成陆的过程.孢粉记录显示:研究区在约5200 5000 cal a B.P.期间以常绿、落叶阔叶植被为主,伴有少量针叶植被,气候总体上相对暖湿.而在大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.期间,针叶植被的相对增加总体反映了趋于凉湿的气候.在约4000 1500 cal a B.P.期间,虽然常绿阔叶植被重新占据相对优势,但总体呈现逐渐减少的趋势,同时落叶阔叶类植被增加,表明了趋暖偏干的气候;同时,该段水生草本、蕨类植被和藻类的相对增加或许反映了研究区下垫面开始沼泽、湿地化的趋势.约1500 400 cal a B.P.期间,木本植被整体呈减少趋势,陆生草本植被则大量增加,针叶植被进一步减少,表明气候进一步趋干;同时,水生草本和藻类的急剧增加,可能反映了湿地化加剧的状况.最近约400 cal a B.P.以来,针叶植被急剧增加,常绿阔叶植被减少,可能反映了气候突然变冷的过程.岩芯下段禾本科孢粉(>40μm)的出现与研究区脱海成陆的时间相吻合,这表明良渚时期(大约5000 4000 cal a B.P.)研究区水稻种植已有一定规模.但在大约4000 cal a B.P.前后的良渚文化末期,禾本科孢粉浓度一度出现降低,这可能反映了研究区人类活动强度的减弱,其与良渚文明衰落的时间基本吻合.总体上看,这一变化发生在趋干的气候背景以及沼泽化、湿地化加剧的下垫面条件下,暗示了气候、环境因素对良渚文明的衰落可能具有重要影响.
文摘Multi-proxy data from pollen,phytolith and archaeology are combined to discuss the possible relationship between early agricultural activity and natural environment(especially water condition)during late Liangzhu period at Bianjiashan site,Zhejiang Province.Three stages of human impact changes are defined.During the first stage,pollen assemblage indicated a well-diversified broadleaved evergreen and deciduous forest(dominated by evergreen/deciduous Quercus,Altingia,Liquidambar,Tilia,Zelkova,Juglans,etc),which corresponds to a warm and wet condition.Rice pollen and phytolith records show rice agricultural cultivation on the low-lying field area.With the rise of the precipitation(during the second stage),rice glum phytolith decreases,and tree phytolith goes up,which reflects the intense deforestation,corresponding to the excavation of flood control facilities,i.e.the dock.Because of poor pollen preservation at the third stage,phytolith analysis provides an alternate means for understanding the relationship between man and nature.At this stage,wild grasses and reed flourished in the low-lying plain area nearby the site,rice agricultural activity continued.The variation of tree pollen concentration shows the intensification of human impact since late Liangzhu Culture period.
