艾灸和D—苯丙氨酸对小鼠移植性肿瘤S—180的抑制作用观察

实验证明,艾灸对抗体的产生有促进作用,D-苯丙氨酸 D-phenylalanine(D-PA)能增强免疫功能。为了揭示艾灸的抑瘤作用可能为激活带瘤机体的免疫系统,本实验在给予 D-苯丙氨酸的同时,并给予艾灸,观察对小鼠移植性肿瘤 S-180的抑制作用。

艾灸对食管癌患者术后生活质量的影响

目的:探讨食管癌术后采用艾灸调理对患者近期疗效、远期生存率和生活质量的影响。方法:128例患者随机分为2组,治疗组采用术后艾灸调理,对照组不采用术后艾灸调理,比较两组疗效、生活质量核心量表(QLQ-C30)和3年生存率。结果:治疗组有效率89.06%,对照组有效率71.85%,两组有效率比较差异有统计意义(Ridit=14.632,P=0.000),治疗组疗效优于对照;治疗2个疗程后,两组患者在心理维度改善,疼痛、疲倦、恶心呕吐症状减轻,与对照组相比差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),躯体、社会、认知、角色维度与对照组相比差异无统计学意义(P<0.05);随访3年后治疗组死亡36例,生存率43.75%,对照组死亡42例,生存率34.38%,两组比较差异有统计学意义(χ2=14.562,P=0.000);随访3年后,对生存患者进行QLQ-C30比较发现,两组在躯体、心理、认知3个维度差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),社会、角色两个维度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05),两组疼痛、疲倦、恶心呕吐3个症状差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),治疗组症状轻。结论:食管癌患者术后进行艾灸调理,近可改善患者症状,远期进而提高患者生活质量,提高生存率。

Effects of“Moxibustion Serum”on Proliferation and Phenotypes of Tumor Infiltrating Lymphocytes

Tumor infiltrating lymphocytes (TIL) were cultured with “moxibustion serum”(MS), and the results were examined by flow cytometry. The results indicated that MS could enhance the proliferation of TIL,accelerate it to reach the exponential growth phase, and assist recombinant interleukin 2 (rIL-2) to enhance successively the percentage of CD3^+ positive cells, maintain the number of CD4^+ positive T cells, promote greatly the percentage of CD8^+ positive T cells among TILs, and reverse the CD4^+/CD8^+ ratio. Such cooperative effects rely on relative specificity of acupoints. It is suggested that MS is beneficial to the growth of TIL both in the aspects of proliferation and phenotypes.

Clinical observation on prevention of chemotherapy infection in gastric cancer by moxa-stick moxibustion plus rhG-CSF and its effect on immune function

Objective:To observe the effect of moxa-stick moxibustion plus recombinant human granulocyte-colony stimulating factor(rhG-CSF)in preventing chemotherapy infection in gastric cancer and its effect on immune function.Methods:A total of 70 patients with gastric cancer treated by chemotherapy were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group,with 35 cases in each group.The control group was given rhG-CSF,and the observation group was given additional moxa-stick moxibustion on the basis of rhG-CSF.Both groups were treated for 2 chemotherapy cycles,totally 6 weeks.The number of patients with infection,the duration of infection and the duration of continuous use of antibiotics were observed.The leukocytes and granulocytes counts,the levels of tumor necrosis factor-a(TNF-a)and interferon-γ(IFN-γ)were measured before and after treatment,and the levels of CD4,CD8 and natural killer(NK)cells were analyzed.Results:The infection rate of the observation group was significantly lower than that of the control group(P<0.05),and the duration of infection and the duration of continuous use of antibiotics were also shorter(P<0.05).After treatment,the leukocytes and granulocytes counts in the two groups were higher than those before treatment(all P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of TNF-α and IFN-γ of the patients in the two groups were improved(all P<0.05),and there were significant differences between the observation group and the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the numbers of CD4,CD8,and NK cells in the observation group increased significantly(all P<0.05);but the changes in the control group were not significant(P>0.05).Conclusion:Moxa-stick moxibustion plus rhG-CSF can significantly reduce the incidence and severity of chemotherapy infection in gastric cancer,increase the leukocytes and granulocytes counts,and regulate the levels of inflammatory factors,which may be related to the improvement of the immune function of the patients.

Effect of moxibustion on T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of rats with gastric cancer

Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on T lymphocyte subsets in peripheral blood of rats with gastric cancer. Methods:Sixty healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were adaptively fed for one week. By the random number table method, 10 rats were randomly selected as a blank group, and 12 rats were randomly selected to simulate the tumor transplantation process;after transplantation, 10 rats were randomly selected as a sham operation group. The remaining 38 rats were used to prepare gastric cancer models by gastric transplantation of the Walker-256 tumor tissue;8 rats were randomly selected to verify the successful modeling after 7 d;the remaining 30 rats were randomly divided into a model group, a moxibustion group and an infrared group by the random number table method, with 10 rats in each group. From the first day of enrollment, the rats in the moxibustion group received mild moxibustion at Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) (the first group) and bilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21) (the second group), and the two groups of acupoints were alternated every other day. The rats in the infrared group received infrared radiation on the stomach area and the area on the back between the T12-T13 spinous processes, the two areas were alternated every other day. Rats in the moxibustion group and the infrared group were treated for 20 min each time, once a day for 21 d. Rats in the blank group, the sham operation group, and the model group were simultaneously grasped and fixed, and no other treatment was performed. After 21 d of intervention, the rats in each group were fasted for 12 h, and blood was collected from the orbits. The numbers of CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood were determined by flow cytometry, and the ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ was calculated. The rats were sacrificed and the thymus was dissected under sterile conditions to calculate the thymus index. Results:Compared with the blank group, the thymus index, peripheral blood CD3+, CD3+CD4+, CD3+CD8+ and CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ ratio in the sham operation group did not change significantly (allP>0.05). Compared with the blank group, the thymus index of the model group was increased (P<0.05), the CD3+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes were increased (bothP<0.01), and the CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ ratio was decreased (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the thymus index of the moxibustion group was increased (P<0.01), and CD3+, CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes and the ratio of CD3+CD4+/CD3+CD8+ in peripheral blood were increased (allP<0.05). Compared with the infrared group, the thymus index of the moxibustion group was significantly increased (P<0.05), the CD3+ and CD3+CD4+ T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood were significantly increased (bothP<0.01), and the CD3+CD8+ was increased (P<0.05). Conclusion:Moxibustion can significantly increase the thymus index of gastric cancer-bearing rats and activate CD3+CD4+ and CD3+CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood.

Effect of moxibustion on VEGF and EGF expressions in tumor tissues of rats with gastric tumor

Objective:To explore the inhibitory effect of moxibustion on tumor growth and metastasis, and also its possible mechanism, in gastric tumor-bearing rats by investigating the expressions of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and epidermal growth factor (EGF). Methods:Fifty healthy Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats (half male and half female) were routinely housed for 1 week. A total of 20 rats were randomly divided into a blank group and a sham operation group, with 10 rats in each group. The remaining 30 rats were used to make gastric cancer models by implantation of ascites-type Walker-256 cancer cells. After successful modeling, rats were randomly divided into a model group, a moxibustion group and an infrared group, with 10 rats in each group. From the day of modeling, the body weight of each group was weighed every 4 days. Warm moxibustion was alternately performed at two-group acupoints [Zhongwan (CV 12), Guanyuan (CV 4) and bilateral Zusanli (ST 36) in one group, and bilateral Pishu (BL 20) and Weishu (BL 21) in another group] in the moxibustion group. The body surface projection area of the stomach was irradiated with short-wave infrared rays in the infrared group, once a day, 20 min per time for 21 d. At the end of the treatment, the gastric tumor was completely dissected, and the tumor volume and tumor growth inhibition rate were calculated. Then the gastric tumor cell metastasis was recorded. The levels of VEGF and EGF in rat gastric tumor tissues were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Results:Compared with the blank group, the body weight of the model group decreased significantly after modeling (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the rats in the moxibustion group had increased body weight during the middle and late stages (bothP<0.05). The tumor volumes of rats in the moxibustion group and the infrared group were smaller than the volume in the model group (bothP<0.05). The tumor growth inhibition rate in the moxibustion group was significantly higher than that in the infrared group (P<0.05). The case number of tumor metastasis in the moxibustion group was smaller than that in the model group and the infrared group. The VEGF level in the tumor tissues of the model group was statistically significantly higher than that in the blank group (P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the VEGF levels in the moxibustion group and the infrared group were statistically significantly lower (bothP<0.05). The EGF levels in the tumor tissues of the model group was statistically significantly lower than that in the blank group (P<0.05);compared with the model group, the EGF levels in the moxibustion group and the infrared group were statistically significantly increased (bothP<0.05). Conclusion:Moxibustion can increase the body weight, inhibit the tumor growth, invasion and metastasis in gastric tumor-bearing rats, which may be related to the regulation of VEGF and EGF expressions in tumor tissues.

Effects of Moxibustion on Hemoglobin and Immunoglobulin in Cervical Cancer Patients Undergoing Radiotherapy

Objective： To observe the effects of moxibustion on hemoglobin and immunoglobulin in cervical cancer patients on radiotherapy. Methods： Sixty-six patients with cervical cancer were randomized into a moxibustion group （n=36） and a control group （n=30）, and underwent the same radiotherapy; during the radiotherapy period, the moxibustion group was given moxibustion at Shenque （CV 8） and Sanyinjiao （SP 6）, and the control group was given no other treatment. Agar diffusion method was employed to detect the concentrations of hemoglobin and immunoglobulin in peripheral blood before and after treatment. Results： After eight-week treatment, the concentrations of hemoglobin and immunoglobulin were higher in the moxibustion group than those in the control group, with a significant difference in the concentration of IgG between the two groups （P〈0.01）. Conclusion： Moxibustion can increase the concentrations of hemoglobin and immunoglobulin in cervical cancer patients on radiotherapy to improve the immunity.

Effect of moxibustion on tumor necrosis factor-α and nuclear transcription factor kappa B in ankle joints of rats with rheumatoid arthritis

Objective： To observe the effect of moxibustion on the expressions of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α） and nuclear transcription factor kappa B（NF-κB） proteins in ankle joints of rats with rheumatoid arthritis（RA）, and to explore the anti-inflammatory mechanism of moxibustion in the treatment of RA. Methods： Adjuvant arthritis（AA） rat models were induced and used as rat models of RA. Rats were randomly divided into a normal group, a model group, a moxibustion group and a saline group. Rats in the normal and model groups were not treated; rats in the moxibustion group accepted treatment by moxibustion at Zusanli（ST 36） and Shenshu（BL 23） after modeling; rats in the saline group were injected with 0.15 mL saline to the bottom of the left hind paw and had no other treatments. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the histopathological changes of rats＇ ankle joints under light microscope. Immunohistochemistry was used to observe the expressions of TNF-α and NF-κB in ankle joints of rats. Results： Compared with the normal group, the rats＇ ankle joints in the model group showed disorganization, joint surface defect, and significantly increased mean optical density（MOD） of TNF-α and NF-κB（all P〈0.05）. After moxibustion treatment, rats in the moxibustion group showed repaired ankle tissues, smooth joint surface without defects, decreased MOD of TNF-α and NF-κB than those in the model group（all P〈0.05）. Rats in the saline group had no damage to ankle joints, while TNF-α and NF-κB were significantly different from those in the model group（P〈0.05）. Conclusion： Moxibustion could down-regulate the expressions of NF-κB and TNF-α protein in ankle joints of RA rats, and produce an anti-inflammatory effect to promote tissue repair.

Effect of moxibustion on expressions of HSP70 mRNA and protein in gastric cancer-bearing rats

Objective:To observe the effect of moxibustion on the mRNA and protein expressions of heat-shock protein 70(HSP70)in gastric cancer-bearing rats.Methods:A total of 40 healthy Sprague-Dawley(SD)rats were adaptively fed for one week.The gastric cancer model was prepared by Walker-256 cancer tissue transplantation.After 7 d,10 rats were randomly selected to verify the successful modeling,and the remaining 30 rats were divided into a model group,a moxibustion group and an infrared group by the random number table method,with 10 rats in each group.After enrollment,the moxibustion group received suspended moxibustion at Zhongwan(CV 12),Guan yuan(CV 4)and bilateral Zusanli(ST 36),(the first group of acupoints)on the 1st day,and suspended moxibustion at bilateral Pishu(BL 20)and Weishu(BL 21),(the second group of acupoints)on the 2nd day,20 min each time,once a day.Moxibustion was alternately performed every other day at the two groups of acupoints for 21 d.From the day of en roll me nt,rats in the infrared group were irradiated with the infrared radiatio n at the stomach area on the 1st day,and at the T12-Ti3 interspinous region on the 2nd day,20 min each time,once a day,and the two locations were alternately irradiated every other day for 21 d.During the treatment,rats in the model group were intervened by grasping and fixation without treatment.At the end of the treatment,blood was collected from the inner eye orbit,and the HSP70 expression in peripheral blood was determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).Rats were sacrificed,the tumor volume and growth inhibition rate were measured.The position and changes of HSP70 in gastric cancer were observed by streptavidin-perosidase(SP);HSP70 protein expression was determined by ELISA;HSP70 mRNA expression in cancer tissues was determined by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction(R「PCR)assay.Results:In comparison of the model group,the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the moxibustion group was significantly restricted(P<0.01);the volume growth inhibition rate in the moxibustion group was 37.93%;the HSP70 expressi on in peripheral blood and the cancer tissues was sign ifica ntly in creased(both P<0.01);the expressio n of HSP70 mRNA and HSP70 content in gastric tumor were both obviously in creased in the moxibustion group(P<0.01);and a large amount of HSP70 was released to the outside of cancer cells in the moxibustion group.In comparison of the model group,the volume growth of the gastric cancer in the infrared group was slightly restricted(P<0.05)with a volume growth inhibition rate of 15.89%;the HSP70 expression in the infrared group was increased significantly in peripheral blood(P<0.01)and in the gastric cancer tissues(P<0.05);more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the infrared group.In comparison of the infrared group,the volume growth of gastric cancer was more restricted in the moxibustion group(P<0.05)z and the HSP70 expression in the gastric cancer tissues was also higher(P<0.05);more HSP70 was released outside of the cancer cells in the moxibustion group.Conclusion:Moxibusti on and in fra red treatme nt inhibit the gastric can cer growth in the gastric cancer-bearing rats,up-regulate the HSP70 expression in gastric cancer tissues,and promote the production and extracellular release of HSP70,and the effect of moxibustion is more obvious.

Clinical observation of the effects of moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone plus opioid drugs on cancer pain and immune function

Objective:To observe the clinical efficacy of moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone plus opioid drugs for moderate-to・severe cancer pain,and the effect on immune function in patients with cancer pain.Methods:A total of 80 patients with moderate-to-severe cancer pain were randomized into an observation group and a control group by the random number table method,with 40 cases in each group.Both groups were treated with opioid drugs for an algesia accordi ng to the stan dardized man agement prin ciples for cancer pain.In addition,the observati on group was given moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone.The treatment was performed once a day,continuous 5-day treatment with a 2-day interval constituted a treatment course,and a total of 2 courses were performed.The score of numerical rating scale(NRS)and 24 h eq ui vale nt morphi ne consumpti on was compared betwee n the two groups before treatment,after 1 treatment course and after 2 courses of treatment.The immune functions were compared between the two groups before and after 2 courses of treatment.Results:During the treatment,there were 3 dropouts in the control group,and 2 dropouts in the observation group.Before the treatme nt,there were no sign ificant differe nces in the NRS score and 24 h equivale nt morphine consumpti on betwee n the two groups(both P>0.05).The NRS scores of both two groups were quite stable during the whole treatment period,and there was no significant differenee in the intra-group comparison after treatment(both P>0.05),and there was no significant difference between the two groups at the same time point(both P>0.05).In the control group,the 24 h equivale nt morphine con sumpti on showed an in creasi ng trend.The dosage after 1 treatme nt course and 2 courses of treatment was statistically different from that before treatment in the control group(both P<0.01).There was no significant cha nge in the mea n 24 h equivale nt morphi ne con sumpti on in the observati on group compared with that before treatme nt(both P>0.05).After 2 courses of treatme nt,the 24 h equivale nt morphine con sumpti on in the observati on group was significantly lower than that in the control group at the same time point(P<0.05).Before treatment,there was no significant difference in the levels of T lymphocyte subsets(CD3:CD4+and CD4+/CD8+)between the two groups(all P>0.05).After treatment the levels of T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+Z CD4+and CD4+/CD8+)in the control group were lower than those before treatment(all P<0.05),while the levels in the observation group were higher than those before treatment,and the levels of CD3+and CD4+were significantly different from those before treatment(both P<0.05).After treatment,the levels of T lymphocyte subsets(CD3+,CD4+and CD4+/CD8+)of the observation group were significantly higher than those of the control group at the same time point(all P<0.05).Conclusion:Moxibustion with seed-sized moxa cone can reduce the dosage of opioid drugs used in patients with moderate-to-severe cancer pain and improve their immune functions.

Efficacy and effect on serum VEGF-C of mild moxibustion plus functional exercise for upper-limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery

Objective To observe the efficacy of mild moxibustion combined with functional exercise in the treatment of upper-limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery and its effect on serum vascular endothelial growth factor C(VEGF-C).Methods Seventy-eight patients were divided into a control group and an observation group by the random number table method,with 39 cases in each group.The control group received functional exercise and the observation group received mild moxibustion plus functional exercise.The differences in circumference between the two upper limbs,the lymphatic flow of the affected upper limb,the disability of arm,shoulder and hand(DASH)score,the functional assessment of cancer therapy-breast(FACT-B)score and serum VEGF-C level between the two groups were compared before and after treatment.Efficacy was evaluated after treatment.Results The total effective rate was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The difference in circumference between the two upper limbs of the two groups decreased significantly after treatment(both P<0.05),but it was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The lymphatic flow of the affected upper limb of the two groups increased significantly after treatment(both P<0.05),but it was significantly greater in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The DASH scores of the two groups decreased significantly after treatment(both P<0.05),but it was significantly lower in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).The FACT-B scores of the two groups increased significantly after treatment(both P<0.05),but it was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).After treatment,the serum VEGF-C level increased significantly in the observation group(P<0.05),whereas the control group did not show significant change(P>0.05).The post-treatment serum VEGF-C level was significantly higher in the observation group than in the control group(P<0.05).Conclusion The efficacy of mild moxibustion combined with functional exercise for upper-limb lymphedema after breast cancer surgery is certain,which can reduce the difference in circumference between the two upper limbs,increase the lymphatic flow of the affected upper limb,improve the limb function and the quality of life,and regulate the serum VEGF-C level.