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Spatiotemporal features and possible mechanisms of seasonal changes in sea surface height south of Japan
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作者 马利斌 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2014年第4期933-945,共13页
Variations of sea surface height (SSH) in the Kuroshio south of Japan are addressed by analyzing 19-year (1993-2011) altimetry data from AVISO. Regionally averaged time series of observed SSH had a rising linear t... Variations of sea surface height (SSH) in the Kuroshio south of Japan are addressed by analyzing 19-year (1993-2011) altimetry data from AVISO. Regionally averaged time series of observed SSH had a rising linear trend at 2.64+0.72 mrn/a in this period. By analyzing the power spectra, several periods were recognized in temporal SSH variations, including those around 90 and 360 days. The seasonal cycle of SSH was minimum in winter (February) and maximum in summer (August), with peak-to-peak amplitude about 20.0 cm. The spatial distribution of linear trends was inhomogeneous, with a rising linear trend along the coastline and a tripole structure offshore. Spatial distributions of standard deviation of seasonal SSH show very dynamic activities in the southeast of Kyushu and south of Honshu. Seasonal variations of observed SSH are partially explained by surface buoyancy forcing, local wind forcing and the steric component related to subsurface water beneath the mixed layer. Results show different spatial distributions of correlation coefficient and estimation skill between seasonally observed and modeled SSH, which are calculated from surface buoyancy flux, local wind forcing and the steric component related to subsurface water. Of those three, the surface buoyancy flux has a greater contribution to variations of observed SSH on the seasonal time scale south of Japan. 展开更多
关键词 spatiotemporal variation net surface heat flux wind stress subsurface water
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北宋开封——中国历史的重要节点
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作者 王运良 《都市文化研究》 2019年第1期3-15,共13页
北宋是中国历史发展中一个十分重要的阶段,同时也是中国城市文明史的重要转折点。城市的物质形态由隋唐之前规整、封闭的里坊制转变为自由、开放的街巷制;允许临街设店、废弛宵禁、有限征税等宽松的政策使过去备受管制与压抑的市民阶层... 北宋是中国历史发展中一个十分重要的阶段,同时也是中国城市文明史的重要转折点。城市的物质形态由隋唐之前规整、封闭的里坊制转变为自由、开放的街巷制;允许临街设店、废弛宵禁、有限征税等宽松的政策使过去备受管制与压抑的市民阶层得以崛起;东京汴梁城的制造业、商贸、文娱、服务业蓬勃发展,使其传统的行政功能退居其次,而成为享誉全球的新型集工商贸易与文化教育于一身的大都市,由此也使城市管理有了远超以前、更为丰富的内涵与使命。无疑,发生在北宋开封的一系列关联性变革是一场具有众多突破点的城市革命,使其理所当然地成为中国历史的重要节点。 展开更多
关键词 北宋开封 节点性变化 城市物质形态 市民阶层 功能与管理
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