隐芒蝇科Cryptochaetidae是双翅目(Diptera)短角亚目(Brachycera)无瓣类(Acalyptrata)中种类较少的类群之一,全世界已知2属52种,广泛分布于世界各大动物地理区。隐芒蝇科昆虫多为寄生性,是珠蚧科的内寄生性天敌昆虫,对吹绵蚧、草履蚧等...隐芒蝇科Cryptochaetidae是双翅目(Diptera)短角亚目(Brachycera)无瓣类(Acalyptrata)中种类较少的类群之一,全世界已知2属52种,广泛分布于世界各大动物地理区。隐芒蝇科昆虫多为寄生性,是珠蚧科的内寄生性天敌昆虫,对吹绵蚧、草履蚧等害虫有相当大的抑制作用。我国双翅目资源十分丰富,但之前隐芒蝇科的少量记录全部由外国学者完成,我国仅有杨集昆先生对这一类群进行研究。我国已知1属15种,尖角隐芒绳Cryptochetum acuticornutum Yang et Yang,1998,尖顶隐芒蝇Cryptochetum acutulum Yang et Yang,1996,北京隐芒蝇Cryptochetum beijingense Yang et Yang,1996,折横隐芒蝇Crypt chetum curtum Yang et Yang,1996,三角隐芒蝇Cryptochetum deltatum Yang et Yang,1996,梵净山隐芒蝇Cryptochetum fanjingshanum Yang et Yang,1988,昆明隐芒绳Cryptochetium kunmingensis Yang et Yang,1996,茂兰隐芒蝇Cryptochetum maolanum Yang et Yang,1996,中原隐芒蝇Cryptochetum medianum Yang et Yang,1996,九七隐芒绳Cryptochetum nonagintaseptem Yang et Yang,1998,陕西隐芒蝇Cryptochetum shaanxiensis Xi et Yang,2015,中华隐芒蝇Cryptochetum sinicum Yang et Yang,1996,天目山隐芒绳Cryptochetum tianmuense Yang et Yang,2001,云南隐芒蝇Cryptochetum yunnan,um Xi et Yang,2015,宽唇隐芒Cryptochetum zalatilabium Xi et Yang,2015。在近期的研究过程中,发现了部分未发表的种类,将对其做进一步的研究。作为重要的生物防治昆虫,其应用于害虫防治可追溯到1888年,美国昆虫学家将吹绵蚁隐芒蝇Cryptochetum iceryae(Williston,1888)从澳洲引种到北美、南美等地区,用于防治柑橘吹绵蚧,防治效果在50%以上,对控制柑橘害虫发挥了重要的作用。随后,又被引种到智利,同样建立了良好的生物防治体系。德国昆虫学家将隐芒蝇属昆虫引种到当地,取得了很好的效果,最主要的特点是隐芒蝇属昆虫具有很低的重寄生率,保证了其种群的数量。对隐芒蝇科昆虫生物学进行进一步的研究,掌握人工繁殖技术,将会对阶壳虫起到良好的生物防治效果。展开更多
One new species of the genus Clemelis from Baishanzu,Zhejiang province,Oriental China is described and illustrated,namely Clemelis jingentaoi Zhang&Hao sp.nov.This species is similar to Palaearctic C.pullata(Meige...One new species of the genus Clemelis from Baishanzu,Zhejiang province,Oriental China is described and illustrated,namely Clemelis jingentaoi Zhang&Hao sp.nov.This species is similar to Palaearctic C.pullata(Meigen)in appearance,but differs from the latter as follows:occiput without black setae at below postocellar setae,mid tibia with 4–6 anterodorsal setae,syntergite 1+2 with 2 strong median marginal setae and surstyli short.展开更多
Mango in Ghana is targeted as the next non-traditional export crop that is expected to fetch the highest foreign exchange for the country than cocoa. However, production and export constraints caused by fruit fly Bact...Mango in Ghana is targeted as the next non-traditional export crop that is expected to fetch the highest foreign exchange for the country than cocoa. However, production and export constraints caused by fruit fly Bactrocera invadens has placed serious limitation on its marketing to the extent of imposing bans on imports from Ghana. Notwithstanding efforts rolled out to control the flies, they are still prevalent in the system. This paper presents the cost benefit assessments of using ＂Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute （BNARI） protein bait＂ to control fruit fly Bactrocera invadens relative to other control measures in the Eastern region of South Ghana. Scientists from the BNARI of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission developed a research programme against this foe. Cost benefit assessment revealed that chemical control reduce losses from 60% to 40% at the beginning of the growing season and can reach up to 60% for late maturing varieties at a cost of US$915.2 per acre per year. However, with the BNARI trap, losses are reduced from 60% to 5% at the beginning of the growing season and can reach up to 10% for later maturing varieties at a cost of US$688 per acre per year. Using BNARI protein baits to control fruit fly also provide growers with benefits such as improved quality and shelf life for fruit because it is not subject to chemical treatments. The casual loop diagram （CLD） revealed that fly control with BNARI trap is friendly to beneficial insects during pollination and has no harmful impact on health compared to the traditional approaches.展开更多
Fruit flies are serious pests of Mango in Sudan; they cause substantial damage to Mango production, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This study is an effort to establish information about the pest and, to test t...Fruit flies are serious pests of Mango in Sudan; they cause substantial damage to Mango production, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This study is an effort to establish information about the pest and, to test the susceptibility of some Mango cultivars （Baladi, Kitchener, Shendi, Alphons, Abu Samaka and Bit abusamaka） to the pest infestation. A survey was carded out at Shendi area, River Nile State, during the period of May 2007 to July 2008, using a home made trap resemble lvnfield traps with attractants （Methyl eugenol, Trimedlure, cue lure and Nu lure） to identify the fruit flies species found in the area and to study the seasonal abundance of the pest species and to determine the infestation percentage of different Mango cultivars. Results indicated that the fruit fly Bactrocera invadens is present all year-round in the study area, with population peak July to September. The study showed that Guava （ Psedium guajava ） represents the best alternative host for the pest. Abu samaka and Bit Abusa amaka mango cultivars were the most susceptible, with 100% infestation, followed by Shendi 70%, Kitchener 54%, Alphons and Baladi （30%, 28%, respectively） were the least susceptible. Also results revealed that females of both species Ceratitis cosyra and Bactrocera invadens out numbered males 4-5 times.展开更多
文摘隐芒蝇科Cryptochaetidae是双翅目(Diptera)短角亚目(Brachycera)无瓣类(Acalyptrata)中种类较少的类群之一,全世界已知2属52种,广泛分布于世界各大动物地理区。隐芒蝇科昆虫多为寄生性,是珠蚧科的内寄生性天敌昆虫,对吹绵蚧、草履蚧等害虫有相当大的抑制作用。我国双翅目资源十分丰富,但之前隐芒蝇科的少量记录全部由外国学者完成,我国仅有杨集昆先生对这一类群进行研究。我国已知1属15种,尖角隐芒绳Cryptochetum acuticornutum Yang et Yang,1998,尖顶隐芒蝇Cryptochetum acutulum Yang et Yang,1996,北京隐芒蝇Cryptochetum beijingense Yang et Yang,1996,折横隐芒蝇Crypt chetum curtum Yang et Yang,1996,三角隐芒蝇Cryptochetum deltatum Yang et Yang,1996,梵净山隐芒蝇Cryptochetum fanjingshanum Yang et Yang,1988,昆明隐芒绳Cryptochetium kunmingensis Yang et Yang,1996,茂兰隐芒蝇Cryptochetum maolanum Yang et Yang,1996,中原隐芒蝇Cryptochetum medianum Yang et Yang,1996,九七隐芒绳Cryptochetum nonagintaseptem Yang et Yang,1998,陕西隐芒蝇Cryptochetum shaanxiensis Xi et Yang,2015,中华隐芒蝇Cryptochetum sinicum Yang et Yang,1996,天目山隐芒绳Cryptochetum tianmuense Yang et Yang,2001,云南隐芒蝇Cryptochetum yunnan,um Xi et Yang,2015,宽唇隐芒Cryptochetum zalatilabium Xi et Yang,2015。在近期的研究过程中,发现了部分未发表的种类,将对其做进一步的研究。作为重要的生物防治昆虫,其应用于害虫防治可追溯到1888年,美国昆虫学家将吹绵蚁隐芒蝇Cryptochetum iceryae(Williston,1888)从澳洲引种到北美、南美等地区,用于防治柑橘吹绵蚧,防治效果在50%以上,对控制柑橘害虫发挥了重要的作用。随后,又被引种到智利,同样建立了良好的生物防治体系。德国昆虫学家将隐芒蝇属昆虫引种到当地,取得了很好的效果,最主要的特点是隐芒蝇属昆虫具有很低的重寄生率,保证了其种群的数量。对隐芒蝇科昆虫生物学进行进一步的研究,掌握人工繁殖技术,将会对阶壳虫起到良好的生物防治效果。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China to Chuntian ZHANG (31750002, 31970443)
文摘One new species of the genus Clemelis from Baishanzu,Zhejiang province,Oriental China is described and illustrated,namely Clemelis jingentaoi Zhang&Hao sp.nov.This species is similar to Palaearctic C.pullata(Meigen)in appearance,but differs from the latter as follows:occiput without black setae at below postocellar setae,mid tibia with 4–6 anterodorsal setae,syntergite 1+2 with 2 strong median marginal setae and surstyli short.
文摘Mango in Ghana is targeted as the next non-traditional export crop that is expected to fetch the highest foreign exchange for the country than cocoa. However, production and export constraints caused by fruit fly Bactrocera invadens has placed serious limitation on its marketing to the extent of imposing bans on imports from Ghana. Notwithstanding efforts rolled out to control the flies, they are still prevalent in the system. This paper presents the cost benefit assessments of using ＂Biotechnology and Nuclear Agriculture Research Institute （BNARI） protein bait＂ to control fruit fly Bactrocera invadens relative to other control measures in the Eastern region of South Ghana. Scientists from the BNARI of the Ghana Atomic Energy Commission developed a research programme against this foe. Cost benefit assessment revealed that chemical control reduce losses from 60% to 40% at the beginning of the growing season and can reach up to 60% for late maturing varieties at a cost of US$915.2 per acre per year. However, with the BNARI trap, losses are reduced from 60% to 5% at the beginning of the growing season and can reach up to 10% for later maturing varieties at a cost of US$688 per acre per year. Using BNARI protein baits to control fruit fly also provide growers with benefits such as improved quality and shelf life for fruit because it is not subject to chemical treatments. The casual loop diagram （CLD） revealed that fly control with BNARI trap is friendly to beneficial insects during pollination and has no harmful impact on health compared to the traditional approaches.
文摘Fruit flies are serious pests of Mango in Sudan; they cause substantial damage to Mango production, both qualitatively and quantitatively. This study is an effort to establish information about the pest and, to test the susceptibility of some Mango cultivars （Baladi, Kitchener, Shendi, Alphons, Abu Samaka and Bit abusamaka） to the pest infestation. A survey was carded out at Shendi area, River Nile State, during the period of May 2007 to July 2008, using a home made trap resemble lvnfield traps with attractants （Methyl eugenol, Trimedlure, cue lure and Nu lure） to identify the fruit flies species found in the area and to study the seasonal abundance of the pest species and to determine the infestation percentage of different Mango cultivars. Results indicated that the fruit fly Bactrocera invadens is present all year-round in the study area, with population peak July to September. The study showed that Guava （ Psedium guajava ） represents the best alternative host for the pest. Abu samaka and Bit Abusa amaka mango cultivars were the most susceptible, with 100% infestation, followed by Shendi 70%, Kitchener 54%, Alphons and Baladi （30%, 28%, respectively） were the least susceptible. Also results revealed that females of both species Ceratitis cosyra and Bactrocera invadens out numbered males 4-5 times.
