[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreat- ments on enzymatic saccharification of Miscanthus sinensis and improve reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process. [Method] M. sinens...[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreat- ments on enzymatic saccharification of Miscanthus sinensis and improve reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process. [Method] M. sinensis was pretreated with 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, to analyze their effects on re- ducing sugar yield of enzymatic hydrolysis. [Result] After pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation, reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M sinensis was 76.24 mg/g; after synergic pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M. sinensis was 505.08 mg/g, which was improved by 5.6 times compared to that in pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation. Based on process optimization, the optimal hydrolysis conditions were obtained： pretreatment temperature 30 ℃, NaOH concentration 1.2%, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2%, pretreatment time 6 h. [Conclusion] Synergic pretreatment with 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide could significantly improve reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M. sinensis, which provided a new theoretical basis for preparing fuel ethanol with M. sinensis.展开更多
The management of the irrigation is fundamental for success of leaves vegetables production. The work was carried out aiming to evaluate the production response of the arugula （Eruca sativa Mill.） under different ir...The management of the irrigation is fundamental for success of leaves vegetables production. The work was carried out aiming to evaluate the production response of the arugula （Eruca sativa Mill.） under different irrigation levels at 25, 31, 37 and 43 days after sowing. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks design with four replication, and evaluated in split-plot scheme of 4 × 4, with the plots constituted by four irrigation levels equivalent to reference evapotranspiration （ET0） at 50%, 75%, 100% and 125% estimated by Penman-Monteith equation; and the split-plot constituted by days after sowing. The arugula planting was established in November of 2008 with direct sowing in nursery with 0.1 m × 0.2 m per plant, using the cv. ＂Folha Larga＂. After the germination phase was carried out crop management necessary to the crop production. It was analyzed： plant height （cm）, leaf number, fresh weight （g m2） and dry weight （g m2）. The results showed the significant differences at level of 5% of probability for the Scott-Knott test for all variables analyzed after 37 days of planting. The results permit to infer that the irrigation levels exert influence under the studied variables with the higher efficiency of water use found for levels of 75% and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration.展开更多
An investigation was carried out in the semi- desert region of northern Sudan, during 2000, to study the influence of different micrometeorological parameters on growth and yield of sesame under alley cropping system....An investigation was carried out in the semi- desert region of northern Sudan, during 2000, to study the influence of different micrometeorological parameters on growth and yield of sesame under alley cropping system. Sesame, cv. Kenana-2, was grown in 6-m wide alleys formed by 3 year old Acacia ampliceps and Acacia stenophylla. Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar energy and shade behaviour were measured throughout the growing season. Irrigation was measured by water meter and soil moisture by gravimetric sampling at depths of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm, in alley cropping and control plots. Sesame was evaluated for growth and yield performance in southern, central and northern parts of each alley. The results showed substantial reduction in wind runs, solar radiation and air temperature, while relative humidity was increased under alley conditions. Soil moisture content, especially in the upper 045 cm soil depth, was much higher in alley cropped plots than in the control plots. A. stenophylla resulted in the highest saving of irrigation water and considerably increased （40%） sesame seed yield. In contrast, sesame seed yield was reduced by 46% under A. ampliceps-alley cropping. Competition for light and water were highly responsible for variation in sesame seed yield in the different zones of the alley. A. stenophylla tree is, therefore, recommended in an alley cropping system in the semi-desert region of northern Sudan for its superiority in optimizing radiation and saving of irrigation water.展开更多
基金Supported by National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(2012AA101804)~~
文摘[Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of different pretreat- ments on enzymatic saccharification of Miscanthus sinensis and improve reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process. [Method] M. sinensis was pretreated with 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, to analyze their effects on re- ducing sugar yield of enzymatic hydrolysis. [Result] After pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation, reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M sinensis was 76.24 mg/g; after synergic pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide, reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M. sinensis was 505.08 mg/g, which was improved by 5.6 times compared to that in pretreatment with 400 kGy 60Co y-ray irradiation. Based on process optimization, the optimal hydrolysis conditions were obtained： pretreatment temperature 30 ℃, NaOH concentration 1.2%, hydrogen peroxide concentration 2%, pretreatment time 6 h. [Conclusion] Synergic pretreatment with 60Co y-ray irradiation and alkaline hydrogen peroxide could significantly improve reducing sugar yield in the enzymolysis process of M. sinensis, which provided a new theoretical basis for preparing fuel ethanol with M. sinensis.
文摘The management of the irrigation is fundamental for success of leaves vegetables production. The work was carried out aiming to evaluate the production response of the arugula （Eruca sativa Mill.） under different irrigation levels at 25, 31, 37 and 43 days after sowing. The treatments were distributed in randomized blocks design with four replication, and evaluated in split-plot scheme of 4 × 4, with the plots constituted by four irrigation levels equivalent to reference evapotranspiration （ET0） at 50%, 75%, 100% and 125% estimated by Penman-Monteith equation; and the split-plot constituted by days after sowing. The arugula planting was established in November of 2008 with direct sowing in nursery with 0.1 m × 0.2 m per plant, using the cv. ＂Folha Larga＂. After the germination phase was carried out crop management necessary to the crop production. It was analyzed： plant height （cm）, leaf number, fresh weight （g m2） and dry weight （g m2）. The results showed the significant differences at level of 5% of probability for the Scott-Knott test for all variables analyzed after 37 days of planting. The results permit to infer that the irrigation levels exert influence under the studied variables with the higher efficiency of water use found for levels of 75% and 100% of the reference evapotranspiration.
文摘An investigation was carried out in the semi- desert region of northern Sudan, during 2000, to study the influence of different micrometeorological parameters on growth and yield of sesame under alley cropping system. Sesame, cv. Kenana-2, was grown in 6-m wide alleys formed by 3 year old Acacia ampliceps and Acacia stenophylla. Air temperature, relative humidity, wind speed, solar energy and shade behaviour were measured throughout the growing season. Irrigation was measured by water meter and soil moisture by gravimetric sampling at depths of 15, 30, 45 and 60 cm, in alley cropping and control plots. Sesame was evaluated for growth and yield performance in southern, central and northern parts of each alley. The results showed substantial reduction in wind runs, solar radiation and air temperature, while relative humidity was increased under alley conditions. Soil moisture content, especially in the upper 045 cm soil depth, was much higher in alley cropped plots than in the control plots. A. stenophylla resulted in the highest saving of irrigation water and considerably increased （40%） sesame seed yield. In contrast, sesame seed yield was reduced by 46% under A. ampliceps-alley cropping. Competition for light and water were highly responsible for variation in sesame seed yield in the different zones of the alley. A. stenophylla tree is, therefore, recommended in an alley cropping system in the semi-desert region of northern Sudan for its superiority in optimizing radiation and saving of irrigation water.
