The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectivel...The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM）, and commercial organic manure （OM） were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 and 0.01 mol L 1 EDTA solutions. The leachate EC （electric conductivity） values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution. The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^-1 EDTA solution. In all the soil columns, the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca（NO3）2 solution was used. The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^-1 NH4NO3, but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents. The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution was above the Quality Standard III for Ground Water of China （GB/T 14848-93, Zn 〈 1.0 mg L^-1）. When compared with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2, the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns. This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.展开更多
On basis of aquatic and riverside-aquatic plants collection of O.V. fomina botanical garden is conducted research of ontogenesis, ecology, phenology, carpogenesis, biomorphology, life forms, adaptatations, of this gr...On basis of aquatic and riverside-aquatic plants collection of O.V. fomina botanical garden is conducted research of ontogenesis, ecology, phenology, carpogenesis, biomorphology, life forms, adaptatations, of this group＇s plants, peculiarities of their cultivation and application in conditions of temperate zone of Ukraine. Special values in research have ancient genera and species, which include representatives ofNymphaeaceae salisb, and trapaceae Dumort. families, 22 species, 6 varieties, 1 hybrid, 30 cultivars of which are presented in collection of garden in open and covered soil. For the first time in covered soil of two conservatories ecological modeling was conducted. Placement of plants is done in form of 5 models of artificial ecotopes, in 155 abatises. Four ecobiomorphological groups based on rhizome system were determined for Nymphaeaceae, among which conditionally-rhizome and conditionally-stolone are provided for the first time.展开更多
基金Project supported by the Knowledge Innovative Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (Nos.KZCX3-SW-435 and KZCX2-YW-404)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (No.BK2004219).
文摘The leaching characteristics of a garden soil may be greatly affected by application of poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming. Packed soil columns of a garden soil （CK） and the soils after respectively receiving 2% pig manure （PM）, chicken manure （CM）, and commercial organic manure （OM） were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 and 0.01 mol L 1 EDTA solutions. The leachate EC （electric conductivity） values gradually increased at the beginning and then reached a stable value when the soil columns were leached with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution. The leachate EC values showed a peak-shape when leached with 0.01 mol L^-1 EDTA solution. In all the soil columns, the pH values of the leachates decreased with increase of displacement volumes when the Ca（NO3）2 solution was used. The total amounts of Cu and Zn eluted from the four soil columns were significantly correlated with the extracted soil Cu and Zn concentrations by 1.0 mol L^-1 NH4NO3, but were not correlated with the leachate dissolved organic carbon （DOC） contents. The Zn concentration in the leachate of the PM-treated soil column with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2 solution was above the Quality Standard III for Ground Water of China （GB/T 14848-93, Zn 〈 1.0 mg L^-1）. When compared with 0.05 mol L^-1 Ca（NO3）2, the EDTA solution significantly accelerated Cu and Zn elutions in the manure-treated columns. This suggested that applying poultry and livestock manures from intensive farming to farmland might pose a threat to the groundwater quality.
文摘On basis of aquatic and riverside-aquatic plants collection of O.V. fomina botanical garden is conducted research of ontogenesis, ecology, phenology, carpogenesis, biomorphology, life forms, adaptatations, of this group＇s plants, peculiarities of their cultivation and application in conditions of temperate zone of Ukraine. Special values in research have ancient genera and species, which include representatives ofNymphaeaceae salisb, and trapaceae Dumort. families, 22 species, 6 varieties, 1 hybrid, 30 cultivars of which are presented in collection of garden in open and covered soil. For the first time in covered soil of two conservatories ecological modeling was conducted. Placement of plants is done in form of 5 models of artificial ecotopes, in 155 abatises. Four ecobiomorphological groups based on rhizome system were determined for Nymphaeaceae, among which conditionally-rhizome and conditionally-stolone are provided for the first time.
