In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its nea...In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its near-isogenic line TIST2 carrying S-b(i)/S-b(i) were used to develop the mapping population. One hundred and fifty-eight microsatellite markers were selected to survey T65 and TISL2. RM13 on chromosome 5 was found to be polymorphic between them. Cosegregation indicated that RM13 was closely linked with locus S-b. Eleven RFLP markers were selected on the corresponding region from the genetic map of Rice Genome Research Program (RGP) of Japan to convert into sequence-tagged site (STS) markers. Amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) was carried out, but none of them was found to be polymorphic between T65 and TISL2. Then PCR-based RFLP (PBR) was done using six 4-nucleotide recognizing restriction endonucleases. Polymorphism was detected when PCR products of R830STS and R2213SSTS were digested with Taq I. Genetic analysis indicated that the distance between locus S-b and markers, R830STS, RM13 and R2213SSTS were 3.3 cM (centi-Morgan), 5.2 cM and 5.5 cM, respectively. These PCR-based markers could be directly used in marker-assisted selection. The technical system combining genetic mapping and PCR-based marker-assisted selection will facilitate the development of molecular breeding.展开更多
With the deep researches on male sterility genetic engineering of plants, several strategies creating male sterile materials have been developed, such as causing pollen abortion by cytotoxic genes, antisense RNA or RN...With the deep researches on male sterility genetic engineering of plants, several strategies creating male sterile materials have been developed, such as causing pollen abortion by cytotoxic genes, antisense RNA or RNAi silencing the expression of genes related to pollen development, early degradation of tapetum callose leading to male sterility. Male sterile transgenic plants can be obtained through genetic transformation with related genes destroying or interfering with pollen or anther development. Male sterile cauliflower, tomato, cabbage, etc. have been developed in this way, and some begin to be used to produce hybrid seed. Appling some techniques can also maintain and restore the male sterility. These related researches will effectively promote the heterosis utilization and the development of crop breeding. This paper mainly presents their principles and applications in vegetable crops.展开更多
[Objective] The purpose was to study and analyze the difference of Peiai 64 S fertility expression in two different climatic regions, Hainan and Hunan in 2010, and confirm the suitable region for its production of hyb...[Objective] The purpose was to study and analyze the difference of Peiai 64 S fertility expression in two different climatic regions, Hainan and Hunan in 2010, and confirm the suitable region for its production of hybrid seeds. [Method] Eight sowing times were designed, March 20 and 30, April 10 and 30, May 15, June 1, 10 and 20, respectively in Changsha of Hunan. Thirteen sowing times were designed in Hainan, January 28, February 12 and 27, March 14 and 29, April 13 and 28, May 13 and 28, June 12, July 1, 12 and 27, respectively. Peiai 64S was gradually managed and recorded heading stage during cultivation, and the effects of different climate influencing factors, such as daily mean temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, duration of day at 0-25 d before heading （namely pollen mother cell meiophase）, on pollen fertility were analyzed to confirm sensitive periods of light and temperature. [ResuLt] There was a big difference in sensitive period among the same cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） in different climatic regions. The sensitive period of Peiai 64S was in first four phases, phases V, VI, VII, VIII （0-13 d） in Changsha of Hunan, which was in last four phases, phases I, II, III, IV （13-25 d） in Haikou of Hainan. Under natural conditions, Peiai 64S pollen sterility rate were all more than 99.5% and seed-setting rates all less than 0.5% in Haikou, so production of hybrid seeds was safe. Its pollen sterility rate was 21.3%- 100.0% in Hunan, so its security coefficient of hybrid seeds production was lower than that in Hainan. [Conclusion] The security coefficient of hybrid seeds production of CMS Peiai 64S is lower than that in Hainan.展开更多
Hybrid sterility is the main barrier in util-izing the heterosis of subspecies in rice. A knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism of the hybrid sterility will be useful for overcoming the barrier. In this rese...Hybrid sterility is the main barrier in util-izing the heterosis of subspecies in rice. A knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism of the hybrid sterility will be useful for overcoming the barrier. In this research, the F1 pollen sterility locus, S-b, was mapped between SSR markers PSM8 and PSM202. To fine map the locus, one F2 mapping population of 3910 plants was developed using the near-isogenic lines of the locus. Ninety-seven recombinants be-tween two markers were selected. Moreover, a series of markers, including two SSR markers, two InDel markers and four CAPS markers, were developed on the region. Linkage analysis showed that marker W4 was co-segregated with locus S-b, while makers A8 and A14 were located on the two sides of the locus with a distance of 0.026 and 0.038 cM, respectively. The markers were then integrated with the se-quences of the clones of the region. Results showed that all the polymorphic markers were anchored on the three end-to-end jointed clones AC093089, AC079021 and AC134931. According to the physical information of the markers, locus S-b was finally de-limited to a region of 27 kb between A8 and A14. Seven ORFs were identified on the region based on the annotation results of RiceGAAS system. These results laid the foundation for further cloning the gene.展开更多
文摘In cultivated rice ( Oryza sativa L.), F-1 pollen sterility is controlled by at least 6 loci of the F, pollen sterility genes. To map S-b, one of loci, rice variety Taichung 65 (T65) carrying S-b(j)/S-b(j) and its near-isogenic line TIST2 carrying S-b(i)/S-b(i) were used to develop the mapping population. One hundred and fifty-eight microsatellite markers were selected to survey T65 and TISL2. RM13 on chromosome 5 was found to be polymorphic between them. Cosegregation indicated that RM13 was closely linked with locus S-b. Eleven RFLP markers were selected on the corresponding region from the genetic map of Rice Genome Research Program (RGP) of Japan to convert into sequence-tagged site (STS) markers. Amplicon length polymorphism (ALP) was carried out, but none of them was found to be polymorphic between T65 and TISL2. Then PCR-based RFLP (PBR) was done using six 4-nucleotide recognizing restriction endonucleases. Polymorphism was detected when PCR products of R830STS and R2213SSTS were digested with Taq I. Genetic analysis indicated that the distance between locus S-b and markers, R830STS, RM13 and R2213SSTS were 3.3 cM (centi-Morgan), 5.2 cM and 5.5 cM, respectively. These PCR-based markers could be directly used in marker-assisted selection. The technical system combining genetic mapping and PCR-based marker-assisted selection will facilitate the development of molecular breeding.
文摘With the deep researches on male sterility genetic engineering of plants, several strategies creating male sterile materials have been developed, such as causing pollen abortion by cytotoxic genes, antisense RNA or RNAi silencing the expression of genes related to pollen development, early degradation of tapetum callose leading to male sterility. Male sterile transgenic plants can be obtained through genetic transformation with related genes destroying or interfering with pollen or anther development. Male sterile cauliflower, tomato, cabbage, etc. have been developed in this way, and some begin to be used to produce hybrid seed. Appling some techniques can also maintain and restore the male sterility. These related researches will effectively promote the heterosis utilization and the development of crop breeding. This paper mainly presents their principles and applications in vegetable crops.
文摘[Objective] The purpose was to study and analyze the difference of Peiai 64 S fertility expression in two different climatic regions, Hainan and Hunan in 2010, and confirm the suitable region for its production of hybrid seeds. [Method] Eight sowing times were designed, March 20 and 30, April 10 and 30, May 15, June 1, 10 and 20, respectively in Changsha of Hunan. Thirteen sowing times were designed in Hainan, January 28, February 12 and 27, March 14 and 29, April 13 and 28, May 13 and 28, June 12, July 1, 12 and 27, respectively. Peiai 64S was gradually managed and recorded heading stage during cultivation, and the effects of different climate influencing factors, such as daily mean temperature, daily maximum temperature, daily minimum temperature, duration of day at 0-25 d before heading （namely pollen mother cell meiophase）, on pollen fertility were analyzed to confirm sensitive periods of light and temperature. [ResuLt] There was a big difference in sensitive period among the same cytoplasmic male sterile （CMS） in different climatic regions. The sensitive period of Peiai 64S was in first four phases, phases V, VI, VII, VIII （0-13 d） in Changsha of Hunan, which was in last four phases, phases I, II, III, IV （13-25 d） in Haikou of Hainan. Under natural conditions, Peiai 64S pollen sterility rate were all more than 99.5% and seed-setting rates all less than 0.5% in Haikou, so production of hybrid seeds was safe. Its pollen sterility rate was 21.3%- 100.0% in Hunan, so its security coefficient of hybrid seeds production was lower than that in Hainan. [Conclusion] The security coefficient of hybrid seeds production of CMS Peiai 64S is lower than that in Hainan.
文摘Hybrid sterility is the main barrier in util-izing the heterosis of subspecies in rice. A knowledge of the underlying molecular mechanism of the hybrid sterility will be useful for overcoming the barrier. In this research, the F1 pollen sterility locus, S-b, was mapped between SSR markers PSM8 and PSM202. To fine map the locus, one F2 mapping population of 3910 plants was developed using the near-isogenic lines of the locus. Ninety-seven recombinants be-tween two markers were selected. Moreover, a series of markers, including two SSR markers, two InDel markers and four CAPS markers, were developed on the region. Linkage analysis showed that marker W4 was co-segregated with locus S-b, while makers A8 and A14 were located on the two sides of the locus with a distance of 0.026 and 0.038 cM, respectively. The markers were then integrated with the se-quences of the clones of the region. Results showed that all the polymorphic markers were anchored on the three end-to-end jointed clones AC093089, AC079021 and AC134931. According to the physical information of the markers, locus S-b was finally de-limited to a region of 27 kb between A8 and A14. Seven ORFs were identified on the region based on the annotation results of RiceGAAS system. These results laid the foundation for further cloning the gene.
