Ethnomedicine: fading or flowering? ——Heritage and development of Dai Medicine

Ethnomedicine is an important component of ethnic culture, and a part of traditional medicine in China. We undertook great considerations and in-depth investigations of Dai Medicine, as well as analyses of its basic concepts, current situations, and interrelations with Traditional Chinese Medicine. The issues regarding Dai Medicine's heritage and development are also discussed.

麻疯树花部特征及其对传粉昆虫的影响

【目的】麻疯树为中国西南地区重要生物柴油树种,了解其花部特征对主要传粉昆虫的访花行为与访花频率可能产生的影响,有助于麻疯树的进一步繁殖成功。【方法】对麻疯树雌、雄花的形态特征进行测量,对花粉与柱头的微观特征进行扫描电镜观察,并对其花部构成、花冠尺寸及花部颜色对蝇类与蜜蜂类访花频率的影响进行观测。【结果】麻疯树雄花的花冠直径显著小于雌花,雄蕊的直径显著大于雌蕊,可能会影响传粉者对雌、雄花的偏好。雄、雌花的花蕊和花冠的相近,利于花粉的携带、转移与落置。麻疯树花粉粒表面具有瘤状突起,含水丰富,直径大;雌花柱头有孔状凹陷,能分泌少量黏液,利于花粉在柱头上的粘附与萌发。去除花蕊与花瓣均会显著降低蝇类与蜜蜂对麻疯树花的访问频率,去除花萼对传粉者访问频率无影响。随着花冠尺寸变小,蝇类与蜜蜂对麻疯树花的访问频率均显著降低。花部颜色的改变显著降低蜜蜂类的访花频率,但对蝇类的访花频率无明显影响。【结论】麻疯树雌、雄花的花部形态特征有显著差别。蜜蜂类与蝇类传粉者对麻疯树的花部组成、花冠大小与花部颜色的视觉识别方式有显著不同。