The floatability of andalusite and quartz was studied using sodium petroleum sulfonate as collector, being successfully applied in the real ore separation. The collecting performance on minerals was interpreted by mea...The floatability of andalusite and quartz was studied using sodium petroleum sulfonate as collector, being successfully applied in the real ore separation. The collecting performance on minerals was interpreted by means of zeta potential measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis. The single mineral experiments showed that andalusite got good floatability in acidic pH region while quartz exhibited very poor floatability in the whole pH range. At pH 3, the presence of Fe3+ obviously activated quartz, causing the identical flotation behavior of the two minerals, and calcium lignosulphonate exhibited good selective inhibition to quartz. The real ore test results showed that andalusite concentrate with 53.46% Al2O3 and quartz concentrate with 92.74% SiO2 were obtained. The zeta potential and infrared spectroscopic analysis results indicated that chemical adsorption occurred between sodium petroleum sulfonate and andalusite.展开更多
This paper is attempted to explore advanced English teaching from perspective of text analysis. It involves the introduction of culture background, the application of genre-based approach, the appreciation of writing ...This paper is attempted to explore advanced English teaching from perspective of text analysis. It involves the introduction of culture background, the application of genre-based approach, the appreciation of writing style and the analysis of textual structure through sample studies.展开更多
The volume defects in pure pyrite and quartz from a classical Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sulfide deposit were investigated.The results indicate that a large number of volume defects exist in natural pyrite and quartz.The volume defe...The volume defects in pure pyrite and quartz from a classical Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sulfide deposit were investigated.The results indicate that a large number of volume defects exist in natural pyrite and quartz.The volume defects assume a variety of shapes,including long strips,oval shapes and irregular shapes,with sizes ranging from a few microns to dozens of microns.These volume defects are rich in metallogenic elements as a result of the capture of metallogenic and mineralizing fluid during the defect-forming process.The volume defects are fractured during the grinding process,and their chemical components are released into the solution,as confirmed by the abundant presence of various metal and non-metal components in the cleaning water and EDS results.Under the experimental conditions of 10 g pyrite or quartz with grinding fineness of d90=37 μm,which was cleaned in 40 m L of pure deionised water under an inert atmosphere,the total average concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg and Cl-in the aqueous solution are 32.09×10^-7,16.51×10^-7,19.45×10^-7,516.52×10^-7,129.50×10^-7,35.30×10^-7 and 433.80×10^-7 mol/L,respectively,for pyrite and 19.20×10^-7,8.88×10^-7,8.31×10^-7,82.71×10^-7,16.21×10^-7,4.28×10^-7 and 731.26×10^-7 mol/L,respectively,for quartz.These values are significantly greater than those from the experimental non-oxidative dissolution of the pyrite or quartz,respectively.Therefore,the metallogenic fluid in volume defects of mineral crystal is concluded to represent the dominant contribution to the solution chemistry of sulfide flotation pulp.The present investigation will help to deeply understand the flotation theory of sulfide minerals.展开更多
Based on the relationship between language and thinking, this paper is designed to inform that Chinese mode of thinking has great effect on college students' English writing from the perspective of contrastive study ...Based on the relationship between language and thinking, this paper is designed to inform that Chinese mode of thinking has great effect on college students' English writing from the perspective of contrastive study of thinking modes between Chinese and English. In addition, one specific measure about training English mode of thinking is put forward.展开更多
Flotation experiments were performed to investigate the separation of muscovite and quartz in the presence of dodecylamine(DDA), tallow amine(TTA) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(DTAC). The adsorption mechanisms ...Flotation experiments were performed to investigate the separation of muscovite and quartz in the presence of dodecylamine(DDA), tallow amine(TTA) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(DTAC). The adsorption mechanisms of these three kinds of amines on muscovite and quartz were studied by FT-IR spectrum analysis, contact angle measurement and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The results reveal that the separation of muscovite from quartz is feasible at strong acid pulp condition using amine collectors. TTA and DTAC show poorer collecting ability for flotation of the two minerals compared with DDA. Physical adsorption is found to be the main adsorption module of amine collectors on muscovite and quartz by FT-IR analysis. MD simulation results show a strong physical adsorption ability of DDA+ cation on muscovite and quartz(muscovite(001):-117.31 kJ/mol, quartz(100):-89.43 kJ/mol), while neutral DDA molecular can hardly absorb onto the surface of these two minerals. These findings provide a novel explanation for the flotation mechanism from the perspective of MD simulation.展开更多
Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/...Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/ore mass ratio on the decomposition rate of zircon sand in NaOH sub-molten salt were investigated.The results indicate that the decomposition rate of zircon sand increases with the increase in the reaction temperature,reaction time,and NaOH content.The shrinking-core model with surface chemical reaction-controlled process is the most applicable for the decomposition of zircon sand,with the apparent activation energy of 77.98 kJ/mol.The decomposition product is sodium zirconium silicate(Na2ZrSiO5),and the decomposition rate is higher than 99%under the optimal conditions.展开更多
A novel multi-tube photoreactor with 0.0188m3 valid reaction volume was constructed in pilot-scale. This rectangular reactor consisted of 13 regularly distributed silica glass tubes coating with TiO2 thin film photo-c...A novel multi-tube photoreactor with 0.0188m3 valid reaction volume was constructed in pilot-scale. This rectangular reactor consisted of 13 regularly distributed silica glass tubes coating with TiO2 thin film photo-catalyst. Total active area of TiO2 thin film is 0.3916m2. The ratio of surface area to volume achieves 20.8m-1. Photocatalytic experiment of phenol red demonstrates that the apparent reaction rate constant (k) is 0.074 65 h-1 and 0.16502h-1 for reaction system with and without micro-bubbles mixing. The corresponding apparent quantum efficiency (a) is 8.1771 X 10-7g.J-1 and 4.9036 x 10-7g-J-1, respectively. COD value of reactant could decrease to 17mg.L-1 and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) only shows two absorption peaks in 24 h pho-tocatalytic process time, so this photoreactor has good photomineralization effect. Experimental results reveal that photocatalytic destruction of organics is possible by using the multi-tube photoreactor.展开更多
Quartz is, in most cases, the major gangue mineral found in the manganese ore. Mn iron, dissolved from the surface of ore, will determine the interfacial properties of the particles and, thus, their flotation behavior...Quartz is, in most cases, the major gangue mineral found in the manganese ore. Mn iron, dissolved from the surface of ore, will determine the interfacial properties of the particles and, thus, their flotation behavior. In this work, the effect of Mn2+ on quartz flotation was investigated through flotation tests. It was found that quartz can be depressed with Mn2+ and floated with dodecylamine in the pH region 7-8. In order to prove the validity of the findings, UV spectrophotometry, FTIR and SEM-EDS were carried out. UV spectrophotometry tests results show that Mn2+ can competitive adsorb with RNH3+ in the surface of quartz at acidic and neutral pH values. The FTIR measurements and SEM-EDS analysis indicate that Mn2+ forms precipitation and adsorbs on the negatively charged quartz surface, it induces quartz recovery dropping in alkaline pH. Furthermore, in the case of sodium hexametaphosphate(SH), sodium silicate or citric acid, the effects of Mn2+ were also studied. This depression in the given Mn2+ did not disappear. Citric acid is an appropriate modifier to separate quartz depressed by Mn2+ from other ores at pH 7.展开更多
This paper deals with the effect of grade entitlement on English programs in Japanese universities. For years, teachers and administrators have noted that even though Japan is one of the highest spending countries on ...This paper deals with the effect of grade entitlement on English programs in Japanese universities. For years, teachers and administrators have noted that even though Japan is one of the highest spending countries on English education, there has not been a commensurate increase in English ability. Most research to explain this disparity has thus far focused on methodology, class size and teacher qualifications. Recent research dealing with academic entitlement at US universities may offer an alternative explanation for some of the lack of success that Japanese universities have experienced. Ellen Greenberger, one of the author's of Self-entitled college students: Contributions of personality, parenting and motivational factors, which appeared in 2008 in The Journal of Youth and Adolescence claims that in recent years, the number of students appealing their grades and expecting to be rewarded for effort rather than results has increased. Greenberger's paper motivated this study. 200 Japanese students completed a survey that presented a number of grade scenarios. The students were asked, based on test grades and completed assignments, what grade a student should receive in each hypothetical situation. Similarly, full-time and part-time teachers were asked what grade they would give in each situation. This paper explains the different situations, students' and teachers' responses to the scenarios, and then discusses the implications for English education in Japan.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus(Am) against hapten-induced colitis in male Sprague-Dawley rats as well as its underlying mechanism.METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced in rat...AIM: To investigate the protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus(Am) against hapten-induced colitis in male Sprague-Dawley rats as well as its underlying mechanism.METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced in rats by enema administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Rats were either pretreated with Am extract (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o. once daily) starting from 10 d before DNBS enema, or received Am post-treatment (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o.twice daily) on the three consecutive days following DNBS administration. Colonic lesion area and histological damage were determined, while the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and xanthine oxidase, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) content were measured in the excised colonic tissues. Besides, protein expression of inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin was also detected by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Our findings had shown that both macroscopic lesion area and histological colonic damage induced by DNBS were significantly reduced by both Am pre- and post-treatments. These were accompanied by attenuation of the elevated colonic MPO activity and downregulation of the iNOS, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 protein expression.Besides, deprivation of colonic GSH level under colitis condition was also preserved.CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that Am possesses both preventive and therapeutic potential in experimental colitis. The anti-inflammatory actions involve anti-oxidation along with inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis in the colonic tissues.展开更多
With the addition of urea as an inhibitor, four groups of reducing dioxin emission experiments in sintering pot were conducted. The results show that, adding 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5% (mass fraction) urea, the emission c...With the addition of urea as an inhibitor, four groups of reducing dioxin emission experiments in sintering pot were conducted. The results show that, adding 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5% (mass fraction) urea, the emission concentrations of dioxin are 0.287 0.258 and 0.217 ng-TEQ/m3, respectively. The dioxin emission rates drop substantially compared to 0.777 ng-TEQ/m3 flee of urea. With an increase of the urea content, the concentration of SO2 emission reduces sharply. (NH4)2SO4, formed by the reaction of SO2 and NH3, goes into the dust and part of NH3 is released before reaction with the emission of exhaust gas. The NO~ emission presents an increasing trend because the reaction of NH3 and 02 at high temperature produces NOx. Based on the consideration of factors such as the effect of reducing dioxin emission, and the chemical composition of exhaust gas, 0.05% is the optimum adding content of urea.展开更多
The study of modal auxiliary verbs has been done by comparing modal auxiliary verbs in English with the ones in Chinese qualitatively and quantitatively. The modals in English and in Chinese are statistically analyzed...The study of modal auxiliary verbs has been done by comparing modal auxiliary verbs in English with the ones in Chinese qualitatively and quantitatively. The modals in English and in Chinese are statistically analyzed through their forms and meanings. The data consists of 50 pieces of Chinese prose with their 50 English translation versions called corpus A and 50 pieces of English prose with their Chinese translation versions called corpus B, altogether 200 articles, which represent a type of discourse that is rich in modal auxiliary verbs both in English and in Chinese The major findings are as follows: (1) The three criteria: inversion, negation, and the use of pro-forms can be used to define both English and Chinese auxiliaries; (2) the modals of both languages can be analyzed within the same semantic categories: volition, probability, and necessity; (3) Chinese epistemic modals can have inversion patterns; (4) the negative forms of Chinese modals are more complex than those of English modals; and (5) the statistic analysis shows that the modals in probability category both in English and in Chinese are used much more often compared to the other two categories: volition and necessity and that deontic modals are used much fewer in both languages to express necessity展开更多
文摘The floatability of andalusite and quartz was studied using sodium petroleum sulfonate as collector, being successfully applied in the real ore separation. The collecting performance on minerals was interpreted by means of zeta potential measurement and infrared spectroscopic analysis. The single mineral experiments showed that andalusite got good floatability in acidic pH region while quartz exhibited very poor floatability in the whole pH range. At pH 3, the presence of Fe3+ obviously activated quartz, causing the identical flotation behavior of the two minerals, and calcium lignosulphonate exhibited good selective inhibition to quartz. The real ore test results showed that andalusite concentrate with 53.46% Al2O3 and quartz concentrate with 92.74% SiO2 were obtained. The zeta potential and infrared spectroscopic analysis results indicated that chemical adsorption occurred between sodium petroleum sulfonate and andalusite.
文摘This paper is attempted to explore advanced English teaching from perspective of text analysis. It involves the introduction of culture background, the application of genre-based approach, the appreciation of writing style and the analysis of textual structure through sample studies.
基金Project(51464029)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2014M562343)supported by the China Postdoctoral Science FoundationProject(KKSY201421110)supported the Scholar Development Project of Yunnan Province,China
文摘The volume defects in pure pyrite and quartz from a classical Cu-Pb-Zn-Fe sulfide deposit were investigated.The results indicate that a large number of volume defects exist in natural pyrite and quartz.The volume defects assume a variety of shapes,including long strips,oval shapes and irregular shapes,with sizes ranging from a few microns to dozens of microns.These volume defects are rich in metallogenic elements as a result of the capture of metallogenic and mineralizing fluid during the defect-forming process.The volume defects are fractured during the grinding process,and their chemical components are released into the solution,as confirmed by the abundant presence of various metal and non-metal components in the cleaning water and EDS results.Under the experimental conditions of 10 g pyrite or quartz with grinding fineness of d90=37 μm,which was cleaned in 40 m L of pure deionised water under an inert atmosphere,the total average concentrations of Cu,Pb,Zn,Fe,Ca,Mg and Cl-in the aqueous solution are 32.09×10^-7,16.51×10^-7,19.45×10^-7,516.52×10^-7,129.50×10^-7,35.30×10^-7 and 433.80×10^-7 mol/L,respectively,for pyrite and 19.20×10^-7,8.88×10^-7,8.31×10^-7,82.71×10^-7,16.21×10^-7,4.28×10^-7 and 731.26×10^-7 mol/L,respectively,for quartz.These values are significantly greater than those from the experimental non-oxidative dissolution of the pyrite or quartz,respectively.Therefore,the metallogenic fluid in volume defects of mineral crystal is concluded to represent the dominant contribution to the solution chemistry of sulfide flotation pulp.The present investigation will help to deeply understand the flotation theory of sulfide minerals.
文摘Based on the relationship between language and thinking, this paper is designed to inform that Chinese mode of thinking has great effect on college students' English writing from the perspective of contrastive study of thinking modes between Chinese and English. In addition, one specific measure about training English mode of thinking is put forward.
基金Project(52012BAB07B0)supported by National "Twelfth Five-Year" Plan for Science&Technology Support,ChinaProject(2013zzts066)supported by the Graduate Student Self-innovation Program from Central South University,China
文摘Flotation experiments were performed to investigate the separation of muscovite and quartz in the presence of dodecylamine(DDA), tallow amine(TTA) and dodecyltrimethylammonium bromide(DTAC). The adsorption mechanisms of these three kinds of amines on muscovite and quartz were studied by FT-IR spectrum analysis, contact angle measurement and molecular dynamics(MD) simulation. The results reveal that the separation of muscovite from quartz is feasible at strong acid pulp condition using amine collectors. TTA and DTAC show poorer collecting ability for flotation of the two minerals compared with DDA. Physical adsorption is found to be the main adsorption module of amine collectors on muscovite and quartz by FT-IR analysis. MD simulation results show a strong physical adsorption ability of DDA+ cation on muscovite and quartz(muscovite(001):-117.31 kJ/mol, quartz(100):-89.43 kJ/mol), while neutral DDA molecular can hardly absorb onto the surface of these two minerals. These findings provide a novel explanation for the flotation mechanism from the perspective of MD simulation.
基金Project(51704270)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(ZDRW-ZS-2018-1)supported by the Key Research Program of Chinese Academy of SciencesProject(KFJ-STS-ZDTP-040)supported by the Science and Technology Service Network Plan of Chinese Academy of Sciences
文摘Sub-molten salt was applied to the decomposition of zircon sand(ZrSiO4).The kinetics of the decomposition of zircon sand and the effects of reaction temperature,reaction time,NaOH content,agitation speed,and the NaOH/ore mass ratio on the decomposition rate of zircon sand in NaOH sub-molten salt were investigated.The results indicate that the decomposition rate of zircon sand increases with the increase in the reaction temperature,reaction time,and NaOH content.The shrinking-core model with surface chemical reaction-controlled process is the most applicable for the decomposition of zircon sand,with the apparent activation energy of 77.98 kJ/mol.The decomposition product is sodium zirconium silicate(Na2ZrSiO5),and the decomposition rate is higher than 99%under the optimal conditions.
基金Supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province (JH01-010).
文摘A novel multi-tube photoreactor with 0.0188m3 valid reaction volume was constructed in pilot-scale. This rectangular reactor consisted of 13 regularly distributed silica glass tubes coating with TiO2 thin film photo-catalyst. Total active area of TiO2 thin film is 0.3916m2. The ratio of surface area to volume achieves 20.8m-1. Photocatalytic experiment of phenol red demonstrates that the apparent reaction rate constant (k) is 0.074 65 h-1 and 0.16502h-1 for reaction system with and without micro-bubbles mixing. The corresponding apparent quantum efficiency (a) is 8.1771 X 10-7g.J-1 and 4.9036 x 10-7g-J-1, respectively. COD value of reactant could decrease to 17mg.L-1 and high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) only shows two absorption peaks in 24 h pho-tocatalytic process time, so this photoreactor has good photomineralization effect. Experimental results reveal that photocatalytic destruction of organics is possible by using the multi-tube photoreactor.
基金Projects(21176026,21176242)supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘Quartz is, in most cases, the major gangue mineral found in the manganese ore. Mn iron, dissolved from the surface of ore, will determine the interfacial properties of the particles and, thus, their flotation behavior. In this work, the effect of Mn2+ on quartz flotation was investigated through flotation tests. It was found that quartz can be depressed with Mn2+ and floated with dodecylamine in the pH region 7-8. In order to prove the validity of the findings, UV spectrophotometry, FTIR and SEM-EDS were carried out. UV spectrophotometry tests results show that Mn2+ can competitive adsorb with RNH3+ in the surface of quartz at acidic and neutral pH values. The FTIR measurements and SEM-EDS analysis indicate that Mn2+ forms precipitation and adsorbs on the negatively charged quartz surface, it induces quartz recovery dropping in alkaline pH. Furthermore, in the case of sodium hexametaphosphate(SH), sodium silicate or citric acid, the effects of Mn2+ were also studied. This depression in the given Mn2+ did not disappear. Citric acid is an appropriate modifier to separate quartz depressed by Mn2+ from other ores at pH 7.
文摘This paper deals with the effect of grade entitlement on English programs in Japanese universities. For years, teachers and administrators have noted that even though Japan is one of the highest spending countries on English education, there has not been a commensurate increase in English ability. Most research to explain this disparity has thus far focused on methodology, class size and teacher qualifications. Recent research dealing with academic entitlement at US universities may offer an alternative explanation for some of the lack of success that Japanese universities have experienced. Ellen Greenberger, one of the author's of Self-entitled college students: Contributions of personality, parenting and motivational factors, which appeared in 2008 in The Journal of Youth and Adolescence claims that in recent years, the number of students appealing their grades and expecting to be rewarded for effort rather than results has increased. Greenberger's paper motivated this study. 200 Japanese students completed a survey that presented a number of grade scenarios. The students were asked, based on test grades and completed assignments, what grade a student should receive in each hypothetical situation. Similarly, full-time and part-time teachers were asked what grade they would give in each situation. This paper explains the different situations, students' and teachers' responses to the scenarios, and then discusses the implications for English education in Japan.
基金Supported by the HKBU Faculty Research Grant FRG/02-03/Ⅱ-64
文摘AIM: To investigate the protective effects of Astragalus membranaceus(Am) against hapten-induced colitis in male Sprague-Dawley rats as well as its underlying mechanism.METHODS: Experimental colitis was induced in rats by enema administration of 2,4-dinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (DNBS). Rats were either pretreated with Am extract (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o. once daily) starting from 10 d before DNBS enema, or received Am post-treatment (2 or 4 g/kg, p.o.twice daily) on the three consecutive days following DNBS administration. Colonic lesion area and histological damage were determined, while the activities of myeloperoxidase (MPO) and xanthine oxidase, as well as reduced glutathione (GSH) content were measured in the excised colonic tissues. Besides, protein expression of inducible nitrite oxide synthase (iNOS), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and P-selectin was also detected by Western blot analysis.RESULTS: Our findings had shown that both macroscopic lesion area and histological colonic damage induced by DNBS were significantly reduced by both Am pre- and post-treatments. These were accompanied by attenuation of the elevated colonic MPO activity and downregulation of the iNOS, P-selectin, and ICAM-1 protein expression.Besides, deprivation of colonic GSH level under colitis condition was also preserved.CONCLUSION: These results demonstrate that Am possesses both preventive and therapeutic potential in experimental colitis. The anti-inflammatory actions involve anti-oxidation along with inhibition of adhesion molecule synthesis in the colonic tissues.
基金Project(50904001) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(2010SQRL032D) supported by Anhui Provincial Key Science Foundation for Outstanding Young Talent,ChinaProject(TD200909) supported by Program for Innovative Research Team in Anhui University of Technology,China
文摘With the addition of urea as an inhibitor, four groups of reducing dioxin emission experiments in sintering pot were conducted. The results show that, adding 0.05%, 0.1% and 0.5% (mass fraction) urea, the emission concentrations of dioxin are 0.287 0.258 and 0.217 ng-TEQ/m3, respectively. The dioxin emission rates drop substantially compared to 0.777 ng-TEQ/m3 flee of urea. With an increase of the urea content, the concentration of SO2 emission reduces sharply. (NH4)2SO4, formed by the reaction of SO2 and NH3, goes into the dust and part of NH3 is released before reaction with the emission of exhaust gas. The NO~ emission presents an increasing trend because the reaction of NH3 and 02 at high temperature produces NOx. Based on the consideration of factors such as the effect of reducing dioxin emission, and the chemical composition of exhaust gas, 0.05% is the optimum adding content of urea.
文摘The study of modal auxiliary verbs has been done by comparing modal auxiliary verbs in English with the ones in Chinese qualitatively and quantitatively. The modals in English and in Chinese are statistically analyzed through their forms and meanings. The data consists of 50 pieces of Chinese prose with their 50 English translation versions called corpus A and 50 pieces of English prose with their Chinese translation versions called corpus B, altogether 200 articles, which represent a type of discourse that is rich in modal auxiliary verbs both in English and in Chinese The major findings are as follows: (1) The three criteria: inversion, negation, and the use of pro-forms can be used to define both English and Chinese auxiliaries; (2) the modals of both languages can be analyzed within the same semantic categories: volition, probability, and necessity; (3) Chinese epistemic modals can have inversion patterns; (4) the negative forms of Chinese modals are more complex than those of English modals; and (5) the statistic analysis shows that the modals in probability category both in English and in Chinese are used much more often compared to the other two categories: volition and necessity and that deontic modals are used much fewer in both languages to express necessity