英美语法之比较

作为英语体系中两大分支,英国英语和美国英语在很多方面存在不同点,该文从构成英语要素的语法入手,分析了英美语法的形成因素,研究比较了两种语法的不同之处。

也谈“A Is Three Times Larger Than B”这种句型

读了詹尔震同志的《浅谈“A Is Three Times Larger Than B”句型的汉译》一文(载本刊80年第三期),深有同感。这个问题近年来在我国英语刊物上讨论颇多,但在英美语法书和惯用法词典中却很少谈及。主要原因是它是一种能引起岐义的句型,按一些语法学家的意见,应该列为禁忌,在写作中避免使用。詹文引用了两位美国语言学家对这个问题的论述。

The relationship between depth of vocabulary knowledge and Iranian EFL learners＇ lexical inferencing strategy use and success

This study was an attempt to examine the relationship between Iranian EFL （English as Foreign Language） learners＇ depth of vocabulary knowledge and their lexical inferencing strategy use and success. The participants in this study were 32 intermediate senior students of Shiraz Azad University majoring in English translation. The Word Associates Test （WAT） （Read, 1993） was used to measure their depth of vocabulary knowledge and lexical inferencing strategy questionnaire which was part of Schmitt （1997）, vocabulary learning strategies as well as a reading passage （Haastrup, 1999）, cited in Nassaji （2004）, were used to determine their lexical inferencing strategy use and success. Results indicate that： （1） Those who have stronger depth of vocabulary knowledge use certain strategies more frequently than those who have weaker depth of vocabulary knowledge; （2） The students with stronger depth of vocabulary knowledge make more effective use of certain types of lexical inferencing strategies. These findings support the importance of depth dimension of vocabulary knowledge and the role it plays in guessing the meaning of unknown words.

The application of integrated literature instruction in freshman English teaching

This paper explores the benefits of using literature to improve freshmen＇s language skills in English. Teaching strategies of literature instruction encouraged peer collaboration and constructing meaning with other students prior to class, in class and after class. Various activities, such as group discussion on guided questions, presentation of reading diary and peer correction of reflection poems were applied to enhance students＇ learning interests. Four intact advanced-level classes of 162 freshmen participated in the study. They answered a questionnaire and took an English proficiency pre/post test. Descriptive statistics, ANOVA, Scheffe post-Hoc test, independent t-test and a paired t-test were used to analyze data. Results showed literature instruction effectively promoted students＇ English skills and their awareness of cultural differences. Watching the adaptation of the novel on DVD before they read the book helped students＇ comprehension. Finally, there was a significant improvement in both students＇ reading and listening exam grades. Future studies may consider looking for participants from different levels of English proficiency and extending the instruction time from one semester to two semesters.

An investigation into the speechlessness of Chinese native culture in Chinese EFL learners＇ intercultural communication in English

Based on a survey of intercultural competence in intercultural communication in English, this paper discusses the speechlessness of Chinese native culture in Chinese EFL learners＇ English intercultural communication, its effects as well as its pedagogical implications for English learning ＆ teaching in Chinese EFL context.

Several pragmatic techniques for harmony of English teaching

A few problems affecting harmonious English teaching exist in both linguistic and non-linguistic aspects at present. Several pragmatic techniques, including individuality, flexibility, the concept of ＂One for all, and all for one＂ are suggested on a trial basis in this paper.

An overview of the research on lexical knowledge in China

This paper serves as a comprehensive guide to the recent work on lexical knowledge in China from the year of 2000 to 2009. It covers the two conventional dimensions of vocabulary knowledge： The breadth and depth. The recent wok on the breadth of vocabulary knowledge extends beyond the old fashion of rigid word counting of learners at various proficiency levels. Meanwhile, multi-dimensional study is also witnessed when it comes to the research into the depth of lexical knoweldge, the developmental and dimensional perspective, along with psycholinguistic account of the incremental nature of the acquisition process.

Cultural constraints on translators＇ selection of translation strategies

This article interprets why domestication and those translation techniques as addition, deletion and shift are widely adopted by most translators in modem China and how the target socio-cultural factors at the time constrain the translators＇ selection of strategies in literary translation.

Analysis of listening strategies employed by college students of science and technology

Based upon the theoretical studies of learning strategies and listening comprehension, an investigation of listening strategies employed by college students of science and technology is conducted to find out the general features of their choices of listening strategies and to reveal the differences in the use of such strategies between effective listeners and less effective ones. The authors hope that this paper may be helpful for the teaching and learning of listening skills.

A new strategy of integrating American culture with English teaching ＆ learning by using VOA Special English feature programs

The paper mainly studies a new way of combining American culture with English language teaching and learning by means of the VOA Special English feature programs. It is based on a 5-year period of teaching practice, experience and reflection. This interactive, innovative, productive and student-centered approach is a far cry from the rigid, old, unproductive and teacher-centered approach of teaching British and American culture without combining language learning and practice as is commonly used here in Chinese colleges. The author also throws some light on how to use on-line teaching resources and how to cultivate independent learning on the part of the students he has worked with.

On thematic structure of a popular on-line English poem

Thematic structure and information structure are two important closely-related systems in textual function. By analyzing the thematic structure of a popular on-line English poem, this paper attempts to reveal how theme and rheme is arranged to carry new information forward to achieve its textual function.

The application of conceptual fluency to English teaching

The term of ＂conceptual fluency＂ put forward by Danesi offers a fresh perspective to look at the current disturbing situation that confronts college English teaching in China. This paper propounds its theoretical basis by reflecting on the philosophical and linguistic trends in modern era, and points out the defects of Danesi＇s theory, insisting that conceptual fluency should be built on both the lexical and grammatical levels. It then exemplifies the implementation of the theory in actual teaching practice.

Exploration of teaching English to Korean-Chinese bilinguals

Since Korean ethnics in China learn English on the basis of two languages and two cultures, there is dual transfer of Korean-Chinese when they learn English. They can make good use of two language systems and dual positive transfer, and make English-Korean and English-Chinese comparative analysis in the basic stages of English learning.

The relationship between syntax and semantics in the case of Ma＇ani Nahwi in Arabic and the idea of Modistae in Latin

The research emphasizes on the relation of the Arabic concept of ＂ma＇ani nahwi＂ and the Latin ＂modistae＂. In order to establish this relation, the researcher illustrates the role of Aristotle＇s categories in influencing the concept of the Medieval Latin ＂modistae＂. This is followed by a reevaluation of the influence of Arabic philosophers, such as al-Farabi （c.870-c.950 CE）, Avicenna （980-1037 CE） and Averoes （c.1126-c.1198 CE） on Latin philosophy and linguistics, especially Jurjani＇s （d.1078 CE） role in introducing his concept of ＂nazm＂ towards ＂ma＇ani nahwi＂. The research contributes to the understanding of the relationship between syntax and semantics which has not been effectively clarified within the framework of traditional Arabic grammatical theory.

Analysis of students＇ problems in writing with reference to theory of cohesion and Error Analysis

This paper is to advocate the necessity of Error Analysis （EA） and cohesion in college English writing teaching. By analyzing the causes of the cohesive errors, the paper wishes to catch the attention of readers to the benefits EA brings to writing teaching and the seriousness of the problems concerning cohesion in writing, and hopes that these implications for college English writing teaching would be of great significance.

A study on English teachers＇ questioning strategies in Western country

Classroom questioning is one of the main means for classroom interaction which plays a very important role in classroom teaching. Therefore, based on the observation of four different level English classes in the UK and interview of English teachers, this thesis investigates the types, functions and answer-seeking strategies used by EFL teachers.

Evaluating genre-based teaching approach in writing class with Beaugrande and Dressler＇s theories on text linguistics

Based on the theories on the text linguistics proposed by Beaugrande and Dressier, the paper points out that though we recognize the merits that genre-based approach deserves, it is unwise to take genre analysis as the central activity in ESL writing class. Instead, we should not give learners fish to eat, but to teach them how to fish.

Analysis on intercultural communication in translation teaching： Cultural context and translation

This paper focuses on seven aspects, which may embody one nation＇s cultural traits, such as customs, historic stories, philosophies and religions, literature and arts, historic sites and cultural relics, education and technology, and politics and economy to exemplify the important role of intercultural connotation in translation.

Cultural materialism behind global cultural diffusion process

In this paper, the author intends to illustrate cultural materialism behind cultural diffusion process. The author first argues that despite the two opposing paradigms of cultural views （differentialism vs. universalism） what is really happening and winning is the third paradigm of mixing cultural perspective as presented in Jan Nederveen Pieterse＇s book Globalization and culture-global Mdlange. Then the author takes Marvin Harris＇ cultural materialism theory as the basis and gives specific evidence from China to illustrate the formation and eventual spread of any ＂new cultural scripts＂, which is done through the transformation process from territorial culture to translocal culture with economic motive behind as the driving force. These Chinese cases of global mixing, in turn, form a further support to Marvin Harris＇s cultural materialism theory.

The focalization in Winesburg, Ohio

Winesburg, Ohio is Sherwood Anderson＇s masterpiece. Adopting the classical theory of narratology, this paper intends to provide a detailed analysis on the zero focalization, writer＇s experiment with the shift of focalization, the transgression of focalization and their expressive effects in the book. The author aims at presenting an illustration to the focalization experiment in Winesburg, Ohio, one of the early modern fictions.