To determine the dynamic influence range of emergencies under special events, the spacial and temporal characteristics of the traffic flow are studied by simulation based on the cell transmission model （CTM）. Based ...To determine the dynamic influence range of emergencies under special events, the spacial and temporal characteristics of the traffic flow are studied by simulation based on the cell transmission model （CTM）. Based on the traffic management measures used under special events, a semi-dynamic assignment algorithm is proposed, which is combined with an algorithm for logit multi-path traffic assignment and the CTM. In a simple calculation network, the spacial and temporal characteristics of traffic flows which vary with different traffic management schemes are studied, and a method to obtain the influence range of emergency is proposed by computing the jam time of the intersections. By contrasting the average delay of each vehicle, the dissipation effect is studied under two different traffic management schemes. The example shows that the spatial and temporal variety of the traffic flow can be easily simulated and the influence range of emergency can be confirmed by the method based on the CTM. The proposed method provides a new idea for decision-making on traffic management under emergency under special events.展开更多
Traditional air conditioner used to be in local control mode. However, with the development of modern information technology, the control of air conditioner will have to support many more functions. As a first step ...Traditional air conditioner used to be in local control mode. However, with the development of modern information technology, the control of air conditioner will have to support many more functions. As a first step in such a development, we have implemented a remote monitoring system of unitary air conditioners, using the manufacturing message specification (MMS). MMS is an OSI application protocol designed for the remote control and monitoring of real devices. The functions supported are those that an operator would do normally at the console of the unitary air conditioner. Due to the accomplishment of UMCS (Unitary air conditioner MMS Control System), there will be a leap of the application of MMS and the control technology of unitary air conditioner.展开更多
In this paper,we give definition and moduler representation of Kothe root for additive cate gories.Using these results,get inner representation of J-root and fully homomorph class of Jscmisimple additive categories.
Large range cell migration is a severe challenge to imaging algorithm for spaceborne SAR. Based on design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and Range Doppler (RD) algorithm, a realization of quick-look imaging f...Large range cell migration is a severe challenge to imaging algorithm for spaceborne SAR. Based on design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and Range Doppler (RD) algorithm, a realization of quick-look imaging for large range cell migration is proposed. It realized quick-look imaging of 8 times reduced resolution with parallel processing on memory shared 8 CPU SGI server. According to simulation experiment, this quick-look imaging algorithm with parallel processing can image 16384x16384 SAR raw data within 6 seconds. It reaches the requirement of real-time imaging.展开更多
At present,the methods of analyzing the stability of slope under earthquake are not accurate and reasonable because of some limitations. Based on the real dynamic tensile-shear failure mechanism of slope,the paper pro...At present,the methods of analyzing the stability of slope under earthquake are not accurate and reasonable because of some limitations. Based on the real dynamic tensile-shear failure mechanism of slope,the paper proposes dynamic analysis of strength reduction FEM (finite element method) and takes the reduction of shear strength parameters and tensile strength parameters into consideration. And it comprehensively takes the transfixion of the failure surface,the non-convergence of calculation and mutation of displacement as the criterion of dynamic instability and failure of the slope. The strength reduction factor under limit state is regarded as the dynamic safety factor of the slope under earthquake effect and its advantages are introduced. Finally,the method is applied in the seismic design of anchors supporting and anti-slide pile supporting of the slope. Calculation examples show that the application of dynamic analysis of strength reduction is feasible in the seismic design of slope engineering,which can consider dynamic interaction of supporting structure and rock-soil mass. Owing to its preciseness and great advantages,it is a new method in the seismic design of slope supporting.展开更多
The lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus, is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae, known to have a number of subspecies. Previous studies of J. jaculus from North Africa found various morphological forms of unknown t...The lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus, is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae, known to have a number of subspecies. Previous studies of J. jaculus from North Africa found various morphological forms of unknown taxonomic status, which are frequently grouped into two taxa： J. jaculus and J. deserti. We assessed the taxonomic status of this taxon in Tunisia using allozymic （phylogenetic analysis of 23 genetic loci encoding 16 enzymatic proteins） and morphological （multivariate analysis of 13 craniodental characters） analyses of 136 J. jaculus specimens collected from seven localities within its distribution range. Allozymic analysis clearly indicated the existence of two distinct groups of J. jaculus, with a mean genetic distance （D） value of 0.99 and FΩ=0.52. Individuals within the two groups did not show any obvious geographical structuration, even within the Matmata locality which represents the meeting point for the two groups where they were found in sympatry. Additionally, morphometric analysis of 13 craniodental characters was clearly separated the two groups. These results were obtained over a very restricted area of the total distribution of J. jaculus and strongly suggest the occurrence of two separate and often sympatric species within the currently accepted J.jaculus in Tunisia： J.jaculus and J. deserti展开更多
Steel connection design using pre-tensioned bolts depends significantly on the value of the Prying forces exerted from the end plate. The Egyptian Code ECP （205） suggested a formula that can determine the Prying for...Steel connection design using pre-tensioned bolts depends significantly on the value of the Prying forces exerted from the end plate. The Egyptian Code ECP （205） suggested a formula that can determine the Prying force value. In this research, the Prying force is numerically computed in a T-Stub connection using nonlinear finite element techniques. The model uses plane stress four node elements with two degrees of freedom per node to simulate the flange of the T-Stub. The bolts are simulated using a truss element with large deformation capability to allow modeling of the pretension force. Surface to surface gap elements are used in order to simulate the contact between the T-Stub and the supporting element. Parametric study on the end plate thickness, bolt size, bolt arrangement and pretension forces is performed in order to calibrate the Code formula. The parametric study covers all the practical ranges of the variables. The study revealed that the Code formula, inaccurately, determines the Prying force in a certain range. Moreover, a new equation for the prying force is developed using regression analysis on the finite element results.展开更多
A short presentation of chemical engineering evolution,as guided by its paradigms,is exposed.The first paradigm–unit operations–has emerged as a necessity of systematization due to the explosion of chemical industri...A short presentation of chemical engineering evolution,as guided by its paradigms,is exposed.The first paradigm–unit operations–has emerged as a necessity of systematization due to the explosion of chemical industrial applications at the end of 19th century.The birth in the late 1950s of the second paradigm–transport phenomena–was the consequence of the need for a deep,scienti fic knowledge of the phenomena that explain what happens inside of unit operations.In the second part of 20th century,the importance of chemical product properties and qualities has become essentially in the market fights.Accordingly,it was required with additional and even new fundamental approaches,and product engineering was recognized as the third paradigm.Nowadays chemical industry,as a huge materials and energy consumer,and with a strong ecological impact,couldn't remain outside of sustainability requirements.The basics of the fourth paradigm–sustainable chemical engineering–are now formulated.展开更多
The evolution of leakage is studied using detailed contact finite element analysis. The distribution of stress at the gasket is analyzed using a contact condition based on slide-line elements using ABAQUS, a commercia...The evolution of leakage is studied using detailed contact finite element analysis. The distribution of stress at the gasket is analyzed using a contact condition based on slide-line elements using ABAQUS, a commercial finite element code, Slide-line elements also take into account pressure penetration as contact that is lost between flange and gasket. Results are presented for a particular flange, a raised face flange sealed by a mild steel gasket. A comparison of the results from the gasket contact analysis and the contact conditions specified by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sections VIII, Division 1 shows that the conditions specified in the ASME Code predict leakage relatively accurately.展开更多
Se （selenium） is an essential trace element for both animals and human beings, although it is considered to be conditionally required for plants. Se occurrence in the environment of Moldova is poorly understood. The...Se （selenium） is an essential trace element for both animals and human beings, although it is considered to be conditionally required for plants. Se occurrence in the environment of Moldova is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to establish Se content and distribution in soils of this country. Se content in samples was detected using fluorometric method. Se concentration in soils ranged from 100 μg·kg^-1 to 668 og-kg-1 dry weight （mean 246 ± 73 μg·kg^-1）. Mainly, Se content in soils was optimal （more than 175 μg·kg^-1）, however, there were soil areas with Se deficiency （lower than 125/μg·kg^-1）. Maximum of Se in soils was observed at the depth of 0.4-0.7 m and then it decreased on going to parent rock. Se content typically increased with increasing of soil clay particles. Se washout from terraces and watershed slopes as well as Se accumulation in relief depressions was shown. High Se concentrations in local surface waters （0.2-6.1 μg·L^-1, mean 1.8 μg·L^-1） indicated the substantial presence of soluble Se forms, which were available to plants. Thus, geochemical conditions of Moldova are favorable for Se bioaccumulation by plants.展开更多
Objective The present study aimed to investigate the electrophysiological properties of wide dynamic range （WDR） neurons in spinal dorsal horn of rats with neuropathic pain induced by lumber 5 （L5） spinal nerve li...Objective The present study aimed to investigate the electrophysiological properties of wide dynamic range （WDR） neurons in spinal dorsal horn of rats with neuropathic pain induced by lumber 5 （L5） spinal nerve ligation （SNL） in a large size of samples.Methods Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal and SNL groups.Electrophysiological technique was used to record the characteristics of WDR neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.Results Compared with the WDR neurons in normal rats,the WDR neurons in SNL rats showed an increase in excitability,manifested by an enlargement of the receptive field size,an increase in the proportion of neurons that exhibited spontaneous activities,decreases in the Cresponse threshold and latency,and an increase in the C-response duration.In addition,the numbers of A-and C-fiberevoked discharges were smaller in SNL rats than in normal rats.Conclusion The excitability of spinal WDR neurons increased in rats with neuropathic pain induced by L5 SNL.The increase in excitability of WDR neurons may contribute to the development of neuropathic pain.展开更多
基金The National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(863 Program)(No.2007AA11Z210)
文摘To determine the dynamic influence range of emergencies under special events, the spacial and temporal characteristics of the traffic flow are studied by simulation based on the cell transmission model （CTM）. Based on the traffic management measures used under special events, a semi-dynamic assignment algorithm is proposed, which is combined with an algorithm for logit multi-path traffic assignment and the CTM. In a simple calculation network, the spacial and temporal characteristics of traffic flows which vary with different traffic management schemes are studied, and a method to obtain the influence range of emergency is proposed by computing the jam time of the intersections. By contrasting the average delay of each vehicle, the dissipation effect is studied under two different traffic management schemes. The example shows that the spatial and temporal variety of the traffic flow can be easily simulated and the influence range of emergency can be confirmed by the method based on the CTM. The proposed method provides a new idea for decision-making on traffic management under emergency under special events.
文摘Traditional air conditioner used to be in local control mode. However, with the development of modern information technology, the control of air conditioner will have to support many more functions. As a first step in such a development, we have implemented a remote monitoring system of unitary air conditioners, using the manufacturing message specification (MMS). MMS is an OSI application protocol designed for the remote control and monitoring of real devices. The functions supported are those that an operator would do normally at the console of the unitary air conditioner. Due to the accomplishment of UMCS (Unitary air conditioner MMS Control System), there will be a leap of the application of MMS and the control technology of unitary air conditioner.
文摘In this paper,we give definition and moduler representation of Kothe root for additive cate gories.Using these results,get inner representation of J-root and fully homomorph class of Jscmisimple additive categories.
文摘Large range cell migration is a severe challenge to imaging algorithm for spaceborne SAR. Based on design of Finite Impulse Response (FIR) filter and Range Doppler (RD) algorithm, a realization of quick-look imaging for large range cell migration is proposed. It realized quick-look imaging of 8 times reduced resolution with parallel processing on memory shared 8 CPU SGI server. According to simulation experiment, this quick-look imaging algorithm with parallel processing can image 16384x16384 SAR raw data within 6 seconds. It reaches the requirement of real-time imaging.
基金Financial Support by Special Research fund of State Key Laboratory of Geohazard Prevention and Geoenvironment Protection (Chengdu University of Technology) (GZ2009-14)Special Research fund of Minis-try of Education Key Laboratory of Urban Security and Disaster Engineering
文摘At present,the methods of analyzing the stability of slope under earthquake are not accurate and reasonable because of some limitations. Based on the real dynamic tensile-shear failure mechanism of slope,the paper proposes dynamic analysis of strength reduction FEM (finite element method) and takes the reduction of shear strength parameters and tensile strength parameters into consideration. And it comprehensively takes the transfixion of the failure surface,the non-convergence of calculation and mutation of displacement as the criterion of dynamic instability and failure of the slope. The strength reduction factor under limit state is regarded as the dynamic safety factor of the slope under earthquake effect and its advantages are introduced. Finally,the method is applied in the seismic design of anchors supporting and anti-slide pile supporting of the slope. Calculation examples show that the application of dynamic analysis of strength reduction is feasible in the seismic design of slope engineering,which can consider dynamic interaction of supporting structure and rock-soil mass. Owing to its preciseness and great advantages,it is a new method in the seismic design of slope supporting.
文摘The lesser Egyptian jerboa Jaculus jaculus, is a member of the subfamily Dipodinae, known to have a number of subspecies. Previous studies of J. jaculus from North Africa found various morphological forms of unknown taxonomic status, which are frequently grouped into two taxa： J. jaculus and J. deserti. We assessed the taxonomic status of this taxon in Tunisia using allozymic （phylogenetic analysis of 23 genetic loci encoding 16 enzymatic proteins） and morphological （multivariate analysis of 13 craniodental characters） analyses of 136 J. jaculus specimens collected from seven localities within its distribution range. Allozymic analysis clearly indicated the existence of two distinct groups of J. jaculus, with a mean genetic distance （D） value of 0.99 and FΩ=0.52. Individuals within the two groups did not show any obvious geographical structuration, even within the Matmata locality which represents the meeting point for the two groups where they were found in sympatry. Additionally, morphometric analysis of 13 craniodental characters was clearly separated the two groups. These results were obtained over a very restricted area of the total distribution of J. jaculus and strongly suggest the occurrence of two separate and often sympatric species within the currently accepted J.jaculus in Tunisia： J.jaculus and J. deserti
文摘Steel connection design using pre-tensioned bolts depends significantly on the value of the Prying forces exerted from the end plate. The Egyptian Code ECP （205） suggested a formula that can determine the Prying force value. In this research, the Prying force is numerically computed in a T-Stub connection using nonlinear finite element techniques. The model uses plane stress four node elements with two degrees of freedom per node to simulate the flange of the T-Stub. The bolts are simulated using a truss element with large deformation capability to allow modeling of the pretension force. Surface to surface gap elements are used in order to simulate the contact between the T-Stub and the supporting element. Parametric study on the end plate thickness, bolt size, bolt arrangement and pretension forces is performed in order to calibrate the Code formula. The parametric study covers all the practical ranges of the variables. The study revealed that the Code formula, inaccurately, determines the Prying force in a certain range. Moreover, a new equation for the prying force is developed using regression analysis on the finite element results.
文摘A short presentation of chemical engineering evolution,as guided by its paradigms,is exposed.The first paradigm–unit operations–has emerged as a necessity of systematization due to the explosion of chemical industrial applications at the end of 19th century.The birth in the late 1950s of the second paradigm–transport phenomena–was the consequence of the need for a deep,scienti fic knowledge of the phenomena that explain what happens inside of unit operations.In the second part of 20th century,the importance of chemical product properties and qualities has become essentially in the market fights.Accordingly,it was required with additional and even new fundamental approaches,and product engineering was recognized as the third paradigm.Nowadays chemical industry,as a huge materials and energy consumer,and with a strong ecological impact,couldn't remain outside of sustainability requirements.The basics of the fourth paradigm–sustainable chemical engineering–are now formulated.
文摘The evolution of leakage is studied using detailed contact finite element analysis. The distribution of stress at the gasket is analyzed using a contact condition based on slide-line elements using ABAQUS, a commercial finite element code, Slide-line elements also take into account pressure penetration as contact that is lost between flange and gasket. Results are presented for a particular flange, a raised face flange sealed by a mild steel gasket. A comparison of the results from the gasket contact analysis and the contact conditions specified by the ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code, Sections VIII, Division 1 shows that the conditions specified in the ASME Code predict leakage relatively accurately.
文摘Se （selenium） is an essential trace element for both animals and human beings, although it is considered to be conditionally required for plants. Se occurrence in the environment of Moldova is poorly understood. The objective of this study was to establish Se content and distribution in soils of this country. Se content in samples was detected using fluorometric method. Se concentration in soils ranged from 100 μg·kg^-1 to 668 og-kg-1 dry weight （mean 246 ± 73 μg·kg^-1）. Mainly, Se content in soils was optimal （more than 175 μg·kg^-1）, however, there were soil areas with Se deficiency （lower than 125/μg·kg^-1）. Maximum of Se in soils was observed at the depth of 0.4-0.7 m and then it decreased on going to parent rock. Se content typically increased with increasing of soil clay particles. Se washout from terraces and watershed slopes as well as Se accumulation in relief depressions was shown. High Se concentrations in local surface waters （0.2-6.1 μg·L^-1, mean 1.8 μg·L^-1） indicated the substantial presence of soluble Se forms, which were available to plants. Thus, geochemical conditions of Moldova are favorable for Se bioaccumulation by plants.
基金supported by the grants from National Natural Science Foundation of China(No. 30600173,81070893)the Key Project of China Ministry of Education(No. 109003)+1 种基金the National Basic Research Development Program(973 Program) of China (No.2007CB512501)Beijing Municipal Commission of Education "Special Grants for Outstanding Ph.D Program Tutors"
文摘Objective The present study aimed to investigate the electrophysiological properties of wide dynamic range （WDR） neurons in spinal dorsal horn of rats with neuropathic pain induced by lumber 5 （L5） spinal nerve ligation （SNL） in a large size of samples.Methods Adult Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into normal and SNL groups.Electrophysiological technique was used to record the characteristics of WDR neurons in the spinal dorsal horn.Results Compared with the WDR neurons in normal rats,the WDR neurons in SNL rats showed an increase in excitability,manifested by an enlargement of the receptive field size,an increase in the proportion of neurons that exhibited spontaneous activities,decreases in the Cresponse threshold and latency,and an increase in the C-response duration.In addition,the numbers of A-and C-fiberevoked discharges were smaller in SNL rats than in normal rats.Conclusion The excitability of spinal WDR neurons increased in rats with neuropathic pain induced by L5 SNL.The increase in excitability of WDR neurons may contribute to the development of neuropathic pain.
