Two New ent-Kauranoids from Isodon tenuifolia

Two new ent-kauranoids, tenuifolin A (3beta,6alpha, 15beta-trihydroxy-1alpha, 7beta-diacetoxy-11beta, 16beta-epoxy-ent-kaurane) (1) and tenuifolin B (1alpha,6alpha, 11beta-trihydroxy-3beta,7beta-diacetoxy-ent-kaur-16-en-15-one) (2), together with four known compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of Isodon tenuifolia (W. W. Smith) Kudo collected from Zhongdian County, Yunnan Province, China. Their structures were determined by the spectral methods (including 2D NMR techniques).

Analysis of Mineral Elements in 13 Famous Tea Varieties in Sichuan Province

This study was to analyze the mineral elements in famous tea varieties in Sichuan Province. Eighteen mineral elements in the samples of 13 famous tea varieties in Sichuan Province were measured via related instruments. The results showed, of all the 18 measured samples, that the contents of K, P, S, Ca and Mg were relatively higher（ 〉1 500 mg/kg） in famous tea varieties in Sichuan Province, while those of Ba, Cr, V, Co and Se were relatively lower（ 〈 10 mg/kg） ; compared to common green tea, the famous tea varieties in Sichuan Province contained higher contents of K, Zn, P, Na, Ni, Cu, S, Se and Co（0.38% -115.65% higher than that in common green tea）, and lower contents of Mg, Mn, AI, Ca, V, Rb, Fe and Cr（7.20% -46.67% lower than that in common green tea）; of the 13 tested tea varieties, Hongyanyingchun, Yongchuanxiuya and Qingchengxueya were rich in mineral elements, while Yuchengyunwu and Yuqiancha lacked in mineral elements. The re- suits show that Hongyanyingchun, Yongchuanxiuya and Qingchengxueya are the elites in the famous tea varieties in Sichuan Province.

Relationship between High-quality Tea and the Geological Background in Qionglai Mountains

[Objective] Many strata emerge in the high-quality tea producing area in Qionglai Mountains,which belongs to Mesozoic Cretaceous(K),Mingshan Fm(E1-2mn)and Dayi conglomerate Team(N)of Cenozoic Tertiary System as well as Quaternary System(Q).Analysis on the migrating features of soil heavy metal from each stratum to tea leaves showed that the enrichment ability of elements was Cu>Cd>Zn>Ni>Hg>As>Cr>Pb.By comparing the soil background values with the soil base values of Sichuan hilly area and Chengdu economic region,it could be concluded that Cd,Hg,Mo,Pb and Se were enriched,and other metal elements existed at a level close to that of the comparing areas.The pH was a little acidic,and high quality tea cultivation could be developed here at present.With the increase of human activities,the environment of study area tends to deteriorate.Therefore,land planning and use should be reasonable.The government should control the environment nearby and prevent pollution.

Some Biogeochemical Characteristics of Tea Soils

Characteristics of the element abundance, material cycling, element budget in tea soils were discussed based on investigations of six tea plantations and the adjacent waste lands in the Three Gorges region.The plantations have different soil-forming parent materials, but similar landforms, and the same tea variety and close ages. The results showed that tea growing could increased the contents of organic matter,total and available N, P, Al and Mn; the elements enriched by tea trees were in the following descending Sequence: P > Ca> K > Mn > Mg > Zn > Al > Fe; elements returned through litter of tea were in the sequence of Ca> Mn > P > Zn > Mg > K > Al > Fe; in the nutrient budget of the soil-tea system, P and K were in deficit,whereas Al, Ca, Fe and Mn in surplus.

Study on the Absorption Spectra and Stability of Theaflavin Pigment

Theqflavin(TF) was extracted and purified from black broken tea. The purified TF possessed an absorption peak at the 363nm wavelength, and the solutions of TF remained stable under the conditions of pH3-6, below 80℃ within 60 minutes, as well as in 1%-4% Vc and 0.05-0.5mmol /L Na_(2)SO_(3) solutions. Fading occurred in 0.05mol/L Hf)^ solution.

Effect of Enriched Cattle Manure on Soil Nutrient Status, Nitrogen Uptake and Yield of Tea （Camellia sinensis）

Inorganic fertilizer NPK （nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium） （S） 25：5：5：5 is generally recommended for optimum yield and quality of tea （Camellia sinensis）. Non-judicious use of this inorganic fertilizer however acidifies the soils and pollutes the environment. Integrated soil fertility management （ISFM） which involves the combined use of organic and inorganic fertilizer is recommended for improved crop yield and soil health. An experiment was carried out to determine the effect of enriching cattle manure with different ratios of inorganic fertilizers （OM： NPKS at ratios 1：2 and 1：4）, and rates on soil nutrient status, nitrogen uptake and yield of tea in the east of Rift Valley, Kenya. Enriching manures and organic manure up to a rate of 150 kg N/ha increased the level of P mature leaf. A higher N and K level in the mature leaf was observed when NPKS was applied at higher rates. In the soil, fertilizer rate up to 150 kg N/ha showed higher pH and K where organic manure and enriched manures were applied while NPKS treatment showed higher P content throughout the soil depths. Enriching organic manures with inorganic fertilizers increased yield significantly.

Tea as a natural gift for discovering antiviral candidates

Coronavirus disease(COVID-19)remains rampant worldwide and poses a serious threat to human health.Tea is a medicinal and edible homologous plant that exhibits potential anti-SARS-CoV-2 properties via the prevention of virus entry into host cells,inhibition of virus replication,and enhancement of the innate and cellular immune responses.In this review,the properties of six major types of tea were systematically summarized,including green tea,yellow tea,white tea,oolong tea,black tea,and dark tea.We focused on the primary components of tea exhibiting antiviral activities,which included(–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate,(–)-gallocatechin gallate,tannic acid,oolonghomobisflavan A,theaflavins,and white-tip silver needle flavonoids.Among them,(–)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate is proposed to be an antiviral compound that interferes with the entire life cycle of SARS-CoV-2 by balancing inflammation and immunity.Thus,this compound can serve as a promising lead structure for the development of SARS-CoV-2 inhibitors.

茶树喷施四种叶面营养液比较试验

今年由县科委和农业局植保站试验设计和具体布置,在我区平里乡双风村对八五年重修剪后的茶园进行四种叶面营养液喷施试验,供试面积为9.95亩,其中增产菌4.98亩,叶面宝2.91亩,茶叶素1号1.03亩,茶叶素2号1.03亩。施用浓度:增产菌采用20毫升和40毫升500ppm的母液;叶面宝石毫升,用500ppm的母液;茶叶素1号,茶叶素2号均用1ppm即500ppm的母液。喷洒时期在茶树生长一芽一叶初展期,四种药液即进行第一次喷洒,后隔十五天再喷一次,掌握在晴天下午或阴天进行。农业管理技术措施同一般茶园。