草原田鼠和草甸田鼠波动种群雌鼠的攻击性(英文)

本文比较研究了草原田鼠和草甸田鼠自然种群在不同密度周期时相雌鼠攻击水平的变化。结果表明,不同密度时相,草原田鼠种群中攻击雌鼠所占比例以及接近、威胁、进攻、退避,进攻/接近等5种行为变量均无显著的差异,5种行为变量与种群密度亦均不呈显著的线形相关关系。然而,草甸田鼠在不同密度时相攻击雌鼠的比例差异显著。低密度时相,雌鼠发生威胁行为的平均次数显著高于上升和衰减时相,进攻行为的平均次数亦显著高于其它时相。本研究结果不支持有关田鼠种群在一个完整的周期过程中具有多态性行为的假设。

The duration of sociosexual behaviors in male meadow voles Microtus pennsylvanicus varies before, during, and after copulation

The behaviors that surround copulation are characterized as sociosexual behaviors. These behaviors displayed by males that are directed at females may include allogrooming, wrestling, chasing, approach, and time spent together. The data supported the hypothesis that the duration of sociosexual behaviors differs during the pre-copulatory, peri-copulatory, and post-copulatory phases of the mating bout in meadow voles. Voles spent more time approaching conspecifics during the pre- and peri-copulatory phases than during the post-copulatory phase. Voles spent more time allogrooming, wrestling, and chasing during the pre-copulatory phase than during the peri- and post-copulatory phases. Voles spent similar amounts of time together during the pre-, peri-, and post-copulatory phases. The data suggest that sociosexual behaviors displayed by males may be involved in set- ring the pace and temporal components of the mating bout. During the pre-copulatory phase particular behaviors by male voles may attract females, during the peri-copulatory phase some of these behaviors may stimulate or motivate the female to mate, and during the post-copulatory phase certain behaviors may prepare the male to mate again