This paper describes how a research was carried out about Chloris gayana Kunth. The objective of the work was to agronomical characterize the best sowing date, establishment efficiency, first year management, persiste...This paper describes how a research was carried out about Chloris gayana Kunth. The objective of the work was to agronomical characterize the best sowing date, establishment efficiency, first year management, persistence strategies, biomass production and seeds. The parameter evaluated was： morphological, quality and production of seeds of three commercial cultivars （Santana, Finecut and Recleimer）. Trial duration is December 2012 to December 2016 （33o S, 61o W） Argentina. Design three random blocks with three repetitions, plot 5 × 5 meter. The results were analyzed by ANOVA （Analysis of Variance）, and there was used Tukey Test （p 〈 0.05） for comparison of averages, to determine significant differences between the different ones that will be sown. It was determined that the ends of spring dates ensure better establishment. Although the data of morphology of the first year （length of pod, length of blade and number of leaves/plant） presented differences between the cv, they did not mark a tendency that ensures the best development of one. Recleimer with 598 and 1,026 accumulated degree days present the highest values in both measurements. The accumulation of biomass over the years shows that commercial cv show a very similar performance （12,000 kg DM （Dry Matter） per hectare per year）. The annual accumulation of DM would not vary significantly as monthly cuts are applied during the growing season or total accumulation without cuts would be allowed. In relation to quality parameters （gross protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber）, Recleimer has the lowest values. Santana and Finecut were best in quality. Production of the seed was highest in May for all cvs. However, viability was limited in all date but Finecut and Recleimer showed best performance. As expected, in the megathermal species, seed production being one of the critical points.展开更多
Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mu...Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mushroom in artificial mushrooms.With the development of economy and the industrialization of edible fungi, more and more straw mushroom has been cultivated in northern China, and southern mushroom is moving to northern areas. In this study, based on many years of cultivation experience, the high yield cultivating techniques of V. volvacea was summarized. V. volvacea cultivation consists of five steps, i.e.,composting, pasteurization, spawning, pining and harvesting.展开更多
Evening primrose is a valuable oilseed crop with pharmaceutical and nutritional supplementation. Due to presence of valuable and rare gamma linolenic fatty acid, research on this plant has been started since 1970s by ...Evening primrose is a valuable oilseed crop with pharmaceutical and nutritional supplementation. Due to presence of valuable and rare gamma linolenic fatty acid, research on this plant has been started since 1970s by German and Britain scientists. Information about evening primrose cultivation is going to rise. Following to pervious studies the goal of this experiment was to clarify the effect of water and temperature stresses on seed yield and seed quality. Results showed that seed yield was significantly influenced by low temperature and water deficit. Plants grown under cold stress during rosette stage produced a lower seed yield than controls. The lowest seed yield was observed in the plants grown under permanent stress. Although the oil content of seeds was not influenced by low temperature stress, water stress strongly influenced the oil content and water stress stimulates oil accumulation. Like oil content, the GLA production seems to be increased under water stress conditions.展开更多
Soil capacity to support life and to produce economic goods and services is strongly linked to the maintenance of good soil physical quality(SPQ). In this study, the SPQ of citrus orchards was assessed under three dif...Soil capacity to support life and to produce economic goods and services is strongly linked to the maintenance of good soil physical quality(SPQ). In this study, the SPQ of citrus orchards was assessed under three different soil managements, namely no-tillage using herbicides, tillage under chemical farming, and no-tillage under organic farming. Commonly used indicators, such as soil bulk density,organic carbon content, and structural stability index, were considered in conjunction with capacitive indicators estimated by the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer parameter(BEST) method. The measurements taken at the L'Alcoleja Experimental Station in Spain yielded optimal values for soil bulk density and organic carbon content in 100% and 70% of cases for organic farming. The values of structural stability index indicated that the soil was stable in 90% of cases. Differences between the soil management practices were particularly clear in terms of plant-available water capacity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Under organic farming, the soil had the greatest ability to store and provide water to plant roots, and to quickly drain excess water and facilitate root proliferation.Management practices adopted under organic farming(such as vegetation cover between the trees, chipping after pruning, and spreading the chips on the soil surface) improved the SPQ. Conversely, the conventional management strategies unequivocally led to soil degradation owing to the loss of organic matter, soil compaction, and reduced structural stability. The results in this study show that organic farming has a clear positive impact on the SPQ, suggesting that tillage and herbicide treatments should be avoided.展开更多
文摘This paper describes how a research was carried out about Chloris gayana Kunth. The objective of the work was to agronomical characterize the best sowing date, establishment efficiency, first year management, persistence strategies, biomass production and seeds. The parameter evaluated was： morphological, quality and production of seeds of three commercial cultivars （Santana, Finecut and Recleimer）. Trial duration is December 2012 to December 2016 （33o S, 61o W） Argentina. Design three random blocks with three repetitions, plot 5 × 5 meter. The results were analyzed by ANOVA （Analysis of Variance）, and there was used Tukey Test （p 〈 0.05） for comparison of averages, to determine significant differences between the different ones that will be sown. It was determined that the ends of spring dates ensure better establishment. Although the data of morphology of the first year （length of pod, length of blade and number of leaves/plant） presented differences between the cv, they did not mark a tendency that ensures the best development of one. Recleimer with 598 and 1,026 accumulated degree days present the highest values in both measurements. The accumulation of biomass over the years shows that commercial cv show a very similar performance （12,000 kg DM （Dry Matter） per hectare per year）. The annual accumulation of DM would not vary significantly as monthly cuts are applied during the growing season or total accumulation without cuts would be allowed. In relation to quality parameters （gross protein, neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber）, Recleimer has the lowest values. Santana and Finecut were best in quality. Production of the seed was highest in May for all cvs. However, viability was limited in all date but Finecut and Recleimer showed best performance. As expected, in the megathermal species, seed production being one of the critical points.
基金Supported by the Earmarked Fund for Shanghai Modern Edible Fungi-industry Technology Research System(Grant No.201709)
文摘Volvariella volvacea is a popular variety because of its distinct flavor, pleasant taste, higher protein content and shorter cropping duration compared with other cultivated mushrooms. It is also the most expensive mushroom in artificial mushrooms.With the development of economy and the industrialization of edible fungi, more and more straw mushroom has been cultivated in northern China, and southern mushroom is moving to northern areas. In this study, based on many years of cultivation experience, the high yield cultivating techniques of V. volvacea was summarized. V. volvacea cultivation consists of five steps, i.e.,composting, pasteurization, spawning, pining and harvesting.
文摘Evening primrose is a valuable oilseed crop with pharmaceutical and nutritional supplementation. Due to presence of valuable and rare gamma linolenic fatty acid, research on this plant has been started since 1970s by German and Britain scientists. Information about evening primrose cultivation is going to rise. Following to pervious studies the goal of this experiment was to clarify the effect of water and temperature stresses on seed yield and seed quality. Results showed that seed yield was significantly influenced by low temperature and water deficit. Plants grown under cold stress during rosette stage produced a lower seed yield than controls. The lowest seed yield was observed in the plants grown under permanent stress. Although the oil content of seeds was not influenced by low temperature stress, water stress strongly influenced the oil content and water stress stimulates oil accumulation. Like oil content, the GLA production seems to be increased under water stress conditions.
基金supported by the RECARE Project from the European Union Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013) (No. 603498)COST actions 1306
文摘Soil capacity to support life and to produce economic goods and services is strongly linked to the maintenance of good soil physical quality(SPQ). In this study, the SPQ of citrus orchards was assessed under three different soil managements, namely no-tillage using herbicides, tillage under chemical farming, and no-tillage under organic farming. Commonly used indicators, such as soil bulk density,organic carbon content, and structural stability index, were considered in conjunction with capacitive indicators estimated by the Beerkan estimation of soil transfer parameter(BEST) method. The measurements taken at the L'Alcoleja Experimental Station in Spain yielded optimal values for soil bulk density and organic carbon content in 100% and 70% of cases for organic farming. The values of structural stability index indicated that the soil was stable in 90% of cases. Differences between the soil management practices were particularly clear in terms of plant-available water capacity and saturated hydraulic conductivity. Under organic farming, the soil had the greatest ability to store and provide water to plant roots, and to quickly drain excess water and facilitate root proliferation.Management practices adopted under organic farming(such as vegetation cover between the trees, chipping after pruning, and spreading the chips on the soil surface) improved the SPQ. Conversely, the conventional management strategies unequivocally led to soil degradation owing to the loss of organic matter, soil compaction, and reduced structural stability. The results in this study show that organic farming has a clear positive impact on the SPQ, suggesting that tillage and herbicide treatments should be avoided.
