壳聚糖基涂膜技术在草莓贮藏保鲜中的应用

草莓作为一种高营养、高价值的水果,其易腐性一直是贮藏和运输过程中的主要挑战。为了延长草莓的保鲜期,减少因贮藏不当造成的损耗,壳聚糖基涂膜技术作为一种天然、安全、环保的保鲜方法,逐渐受到广泛关注。本文通过研究壳聚糖基涂膜技术在草莓贮藏保鲜中的最新研究进展,详细探讨壳聚糖基涂膜技术的保鲜机制、配方优化途径及壳聚糖基涂膜技术类型,以期为草莓保鲜技术的发展提供参考。

酵母菌对草莓采后生理及贮藏效果的影响

以"花兰地"草莓果实为试材,研究了不同浓度的啤酒酵母菌液对草莓果实采后生理及贮藏效果的影响。结果表明:1×106CFU/mL酵母菌悬浮液处理的草莓果实失水率和腐烂率减少,可溶性固形物和Vc变化幅度减小;果实呼吸速率和细胞膜透性的变化均降低。说明一定浓度的拮抗酵母菌液能延缓草莓果实采后生理变化,增强果实的耐贮性。

草莓贮存保鲜技术的研究进展

目的保鲜技术一直是延长草莓货架寿命、提高贮存时间的有效方法,总结当前先进保鲜方法,为研究学者提供研究方向和技术改进措施。方法文中主要在分析草莓如何快速腐烂变质原因的基础上,阐述目前国内外学者对于草莓贮存保鲜的先进技术方法和进展,介绍了气调、热处理、可食涂膜、瓦楞纸箱涂膜、辐照等保鲜技术的原理、特点、实现过程以及技术效果,对草莓保鲜技术的未来发展方向做出了展望。结论目前保鲜技术可将草莓的货架寿命延长至20 d以上,研究成果推动了草莓种植业的发展,提高了草莓的经济价值,并提升了我国对于草莓保鲜技术的研究水平。

不同气体成分处理对丰香草莓采后品质、SOD及CAT活性的影响

以采后"丰香"草莓为材料,研究了不同气体成分处理(11%O2+10%CO2,3%O2+5%CO2)及冷藏对照对果实采后品质参数(失重率、腐烂指数、pH值和可溶性固形物含量)、SOD和CAT活性的影响,旨在寻求适宜"丰香"草莓贮藏的气体成分。结果表明:较对照相比,3%O2+5%CO2处理可降低果实的腐烂指数和失重率,维持可溶性固形物含量,抑制SOD活性的升高,增强CAT活性和pH值,11%O2+10%CO2处理亦可降低果实的失重率、腐烂指数,维持可溶性固形物含量,但导致贮藏后期果实SOD活性的升高,同时降低了CAT活性。可见,3%O2+5%CO2处理对"丰香"草莓的保鲜效果较理想。

Influence of Calcium Sources and Concentration on the Storage Performance of Strawberry Fruit

Chemical application after harvest is an important method to preserve strawberry fruit quality and extend shelf life. The strawberry fruits harvested at red stage were treated with three different sources of calcium, i.e., calcium nitrate, calcium gluconate and calcium chloride at calcium concentration of 0% （distilled water）, 0.5%, 1.0% and 1.5%. The strawberry fruits were dipped for 30 s. The calcium sources, calcium concentration and the interaction of calcium sources and calcium concentration significantly affected the storage performance of strawberry fruits. All the three sources and concentrations were effective in decreasing the storage associated changes, i.e., weight loss, decline in marketable fruits, loss of organoleptic quality, increase in total soluble solids （TSS）, decline in reducing sugars, total sugars, acidity and increase in sugar/acid ratio in strawberry fruit, thus extending the shelf life. Calcium gluconate at 1.5% calcium concentration was more effective. Treatment of strawberry fruit with 1.5% calcium from calcium gluconate source resulted in the highest number of marketable fruit （100%）, extended shelf life （10 d）, and total soluble solid （7.80%） with the minimum weight loss （5.45%）. Calcium dips result in higher calcium concentration in strawberry fruits, which delays ripening in fruits by maintaining the structure and function of cell walls and membranes. It can be concluded that calcium gluconate at 1.5% concentration is an effective calcium treatment to retain the quality and extend the shelf life of strawberry fruit.