目的:探讨CFSE荧光负染法用于检测RAW264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞吞噬超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子(super paramaganetic iron oxide nanoparticles,SPIO)的可行性及其荧光特征。方法:体外对RAW264.7细胞进行SPIO的标记,然后分别采用普...目的:探讨CFSE荧光负染法用于检测RAW264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞吞噬超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子(super paramaganetic iron oxide nanoparticles,SPIO)的可行性及其荧光特征。方法:体外对RAW264.7细胞进行SPIO的标记,然后分别采用普鲁士蓝染色方法和CFSE荧光负染法检测RAW264.7细胞对SPIO的摄取情况;用台盼蓝染色法检测CFSE荧光负染细胞的活力;应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进行荧光负染法检测RAW264.7细胞对SPIO的摄取。结果:普鲁士蓝将RAW264.7细胞内吞噬的SPIO标记为醒目的蓝色,核固红将细胞核标记为红色,在荧光图像上表现为荧光负染区,呈筛孔状。CFSE荧光负染法与普鲁士蓝染色法的检测结果具有很好的对应性。RAW264.7细胞经过SPIO和CFSE双重标记后,对细胞活力的影响较小,死细胞比例较低。结论:CFSE荧光负染法可用于RAW264.7活细胞吞噬SPIO的检测,同普鲁士蓝染色法具有很好的对应性,两者的检测结果可相互印证。展开更多
Objective To investigate whether hypertonic saline （HS） can induce the synthesis and release of glutamate in cultured hypothalamic astrocytes or C6 cell line. Methods Astrocytes were isolated, cultured, purified and...Objective To investigate whether hypertonic saline （HS） can induce the synthesis and release of glutamate in cultured hypothalamic astrocytes or C6 cell line. Methods Astrocytes were isolated, cultured, purified and identified from the hypothalamus of newborn rat （1 day）. The astrocytes were randomly divided into five groups： isotonic （IS） and HS groups, astrocytes were incubated by IS and HS （320 mosM NaCl） medium, respectively, for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 rain; carbenoxolone （CBX） ＋IS and CBX＋HS groups, astrocytes were pre-treated with CBX （100 mmol/L） for 1 h at 37℃ in a 5% CO2 / 95% atmosphere, then removed to IS and HS medium, respectively, for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 min; Ca2＋＋HS group, astrocytes were pre-incubated with Ca2＋ （1 000 μmol/L） for 1 h at 37℃ in a 5% CO2 / 95% atmosphere, followed by a wash with isotonic FBS/DMEM, and then removed to hypertonic saline for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 min. The media of five groups were collected to analyze the medium glutamate concentration with high performance liquid chromatography. The astrocytes were fixed and double immunofluorescent stained with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and anti-glutamate. The C6 cells were divided into four groups： IS, HS, CBX＋IS and CBX＋HS groups, and used for quantitative measurement of glutamate in cells by flow cytometry （FCM）. Results （1） Anti-GFAP immunofluorescent signal revealed no significant difference among various time points in each group, or among the five groups. （2） The anti-glutamate immunofluorescent signal was increased in HS group and peaked at 5 min, and decreased and returned to the level of IS group at 15 rain （P 〈 0.01 vs the 5 min of HS group）. In CBX＋HS group, the glutamate intensity was higher than that in CBX＋IS and HS groups. （3） The medium glutamate concentration had no change after treatment with HS for 1 and 3 min, while increased markedly after treatment for 5 min to 15 min （P 〈 0.01 vs 1 min and 3 min）. On the contrary, the medium glutamate concentrations in the CBX＋HS or Ca2＋＋HS group were significant lower than that in the HS group （P 〈 0.01）. （4） FCM showed HS and CBX＋HS induced glutamate increase in C6 cells. Conclusion HS induced cultured rat hypothalamic astrocytes or C6 cells to synthesize and release glutamate; CBX could block glutamate release, but could not disrupt glutamate synthesis.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨CFSE荧光负染法用于检测RAW264.7小鼠单核巨噬细胞白血病细胞吞噬超顺磁性氧化铁纳米粒子(super paramaganetic iron oxide nanoparticles,SPIO)的可行性及其荧光特征。方法:体外对RAW264.7细胞进行SPIO的标记,然后分别采用普鲁士蓝染色方法和CFSE荧光负染法检测RAW264.7细胞对SPIO的摄取情况;用台盼蓝染色法检测CFSE荧光负染细胞的活力;应用激光扫描共聚焦显微镜进行荧光负染法检测RAW264.7细胞对SPIO的摄取。结果:普鲁士蓝将RAW264.7细胞内吞噬的SPIO标记为醒目的蓝色,核固红将细胞核标记为红色,在荧光图像上表现为荧光负染区,呈筛孔状。CFSE荧光负染法与普鲁士蓝染色法的检测结果具有很好的对应性。RAW264.7细胞经过SPIO和CFSE双重标记后,对细胞活力的影响较小,死细胞比例较低。结论:CFSE荧光负染法可用于RAW264.7活细胞吞噬SPIO的检测,同普鲁士蓝染色法具有很好的对应性,两者的检测结果可相互印证。
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(No.39770251)the Medical Foundation of the People's Liberation Army,China(No.01Z082,06MA234)the Foundation of the Fourth Military Medical University(No.05ZXJM001)
文摘Objective To investigate whether hypertonic saline （HS） can induce the synthesis and release of glutamate in cultured hypothalamic astrocytes or C6 cell line. Methods Astrocytes were isolated, cultured, purified and identified from the hypothalamus of newborn rat （1 day）. The astrocytes were randomly divided into five groups： isotonic （IS） and HS groups, astrocytes were incubated by IS and HS （320 mosM NaCl） medium, respectively, for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 rain; carbenoxolone （CBX） ＋IS and CBX＋HS groups, astrocytes were pre-treated with CBX （100 mmol/L） for 1 h at 37℃ in a 5% CO2 / 95% atmosphere, then removed to IS and HS medium, respectively, for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 min; Ca2＋＋HS group, astrocytes were pre-incubated with Ca2＋ （1 000 μmol/L） for 1 h at 37℃ in a 5% CO2 / 95% atmosphere, followed by a wash with isotonic FBS/DMEM, and then removed to hypertonic saline for 1, 3, 5, 10 or 15 min. The media of five groups were collected to analyze the medium glutamate concentration with high performance liquid chromatography. The astrocytes were fixed and double immunofluorescent stained with anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein （GFAP） and anti-glutamate. The C6 cells were divided into four groups： IS, HS, CBX＋IS and CBX＋HS groups, and used for quantitative measurement of glutamate in cells by flow cytometry （FCM）. Results （1） Anti-GFAP immunofluorescent signal revealed no significant difference among various time points in each group, or among the five groups. （2） The anti-glutamate immunofluorescent signal was increased in HS group and peaked at 5 min, and decreased and returned to the level of IS group at 15 rain （P 〈 0.01 vs the 5 min of HS group）. In CBX＋HS group, the glutamate intensity was higher than that in CBX＋IS and HS groups. （3） The medium glutamate concentration had no change after treatment with HS for 1 and 3 min, while increased markedly after treatment for 5 min to 15 min （P 〈 0.01 vs 1 min and 3 min）. On the contrary, the medium glutamate concentrations in the CBX＋HS or Ca2＋＋HS group were significant lower than that in the HS group （P 〈 0.01）. （4） FCM showed HS and CBX＋HS induced glutamate increase in C6 cells. Conclusion HS induced cultured rat hypothalamic astrocytes or C6 cells to synthesize and release glutamate; CBX could block glutamate release, but could not disrupt glutamate synthesis.
文摘目的探讨人脑胶质瘤组织中胶质瘤干细胞(glioma stem cells,GSCs)标志物CD133、肿瘤相关巨噬细胞(tumorassociated macrophages,TAMs)标志物CD68和负性共刺激分子PD-L1在不同病理级别人脑胶质瘤组织中的表达及其相关性。方法采用免疫荧光双染法检测不同病理级别脑胶质瘤组织中CD68和PD-L1蛋白的共表达情况;采用实时荧光定量PCR(quantitative real-time fluorescent PCR,q RT-PCR)技术检测30例低级别脑胶质瘤(Ⅰ级和Ⅱ级)组织和30例高级别脑胶质瘤(Ⅲ级和Ⅳ级)组织中CD133、CD68和PD-L1 m RNA的表达,并分析其与临床病理级别之间的相关性。结果脑胶质瘤组织中PD-L1和CD68共表达在肿瘤相关巨噬细胞上,即大部分PD-L1阳性细胞为肿瘤相关巨噬细胞,高级别组CD68和PD-L1蛋白的共表达明显高于低级别组。在脑胶质瘤组织中,CD133、CD68和PD-L1 m RNA的表达水平均与病理分级呈正相关(r=0.647,P<0.001;r=0.499,P<0.001;r=0.445,P=0.001);三者在高级别脑胶质瘤组织中的表达均高于低级别脑胶质瘤组织(P<0.05);脑胶质瘤组织中CD133与CD68 m RNA的表达呈正相关(r=0.525,P<0.001),低级别组和高级别组中两者表达亦呈正相关(r=0.518,P=0.005;r=0.500,P=0.007);脑胶质瘤组织中CD133与PD-L1m RNA表达呈正相关(r=0.431,P<0.001),低级别组和高级别组两者表达亦呈正相关(r=0.398,P=0.036;r=0.417,P=0.027)。结论脑胶质瘤组织中PD-L1主要由肿瘤微环境中的TAMs表达;CD133、CD68和PD-L1表达与脑胶质瘤的恶性程度密切相关。
