Synthesis,characterization of Co_3O_4 and Ag-Co_3O_4 composites and evaluation of their photo-catalytic activities towards photo-degradation of aqueous solution of rhodamine B dye under irradiation of visible light ha...Synthesis,characterization of Co_3O_4 and Ag-Co_3O_4 composites and evaluation of their photo-catalytic activities towards photo-degradation of aqueous solution of rhodamine B dye under irradiation of visible light have been described in this paper.Co_3O_4 was prepared by solid phase mechano chemical process using Co(NO_3)_2·6H_2O and NH_4 HCO_3 as precursor materials.Ag was deposited on Co_3O_4 from AgNO_3 using Calotropis gigantea extract as reducing agent.XRD,SEM and FTIR were used for characterization of prepared composites.Photo-catalytic efficiencies of as-prepared Co_3O_4 and Ag-Co_3O_4 were evaluated for aqueous phase photo-degradation of rhodamine B.It was found that deposition of Ag on Co_3O_4 highly enhanced the photo-catalytic activity of Co_3O_4.Photo-catalytic degradation followed the Eley–Rideal mechanism.About 100% and 91% photo-degradation of 40 ml dye solution achieved at 313 K in 90 and 120 min over 0.05 g of Ag-Co_3O_4 as photo-catalyst using 100 and 200 mg·L^(-1) as initial concentration of dye respectively.展开更多
With the increasing use of PPCPs （pharmaceuticals and personal care products）, the impact caused by the accumulation of PPCPs on the environment has become increasingly serious and has attracted considerable attenti...With the increasing use of PPCPs （pharmaceuticals and personal care products）, the impact caused by the accumulation of PPCPs on the environment has become increasingly serious and has attracted considerable attention. In the last 10 years, major studies on PPCPs have focused on the sources and analytical testing of concentrations in the environment. Afterward, studies have shifted to the transfer and transformation of PCPPs in the environment and to the environmental risk assessment of PPCPs. Studies on PPCPs in the underground environment have mainly focused on their adsorption, desorption, transfer, and transformation in the aeration and saturation zones. The main methods applied in these studies include indoor simulation experiments and outdoor sampling and testing. These studies have mainly considered one dimension, and most of them have concentrated only on the aeration or saturation zone. Therefore, the main developing directions of studies on PPCPs are the comprehensive study of the transfer and transform process from source to sink in the underground environment and the establishment of an effective and efficient PPCP detection system,展开更多
目的利用大样本的真实世界数据,分析头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应发生情况及其影响因素。方法借助"医疗机构药品不良事件(adverse drug events,ADE)主动监测与智能评估警示系统"(ADE-ASAS)回顾性自动监测解放军总医院...目的利用大样本的真实世界数据,分析头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应发生情况及其影响因素。方法借助"医疗机构药品不良事件(adverse drug events,ADE)主动监测与智能评估警示系统"(ADE-ASAS)回顾性自动监测解放军总医院2013年7月至2018年6月使用注射用头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠的住院患者,双人评价系统报警病例,获得头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应的发生率与特征,并进行影响因素分析。结果 31 684例次用药患者发生严重过敏反应28例,发生率为0.88‰。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,过敏史(OR=4.861,95%CI:1.88312.546)、风湿免疫疾病(OR=4.611,95%CI:1.75312.127)为头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠致严重过敏反应的影响因素。结论头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应发生率属罕见范围。详询患者过敏史、既往史有助于降低临床用药风险。展开更多
Objective: To identify the possible safety-influencing factors in use of the tonics of Chinese medicine. Methods: The related case reports published in periodicals published from 1949 to 2006 were analyzed with the bi...Objective: To identify the possible safety-influencing factors in use of the tonics of Chinese medicine. Methods: The related case reports published in periodicals published from 1949 to 2006 were analyzed with the bibliometrics method. Possibility on safety assessment of Chinese materia medica was discussed as well with the method of link analysis. Results: The total number of the tonics selected for the present study was 101, including 44 single drugs and 46 set prescriptions with adverse drug reactions (ADR) found in these tonics. It was found that ADR of 10 single drugs and 29 preparations were not specified in authoritative Chinese materia medica monographs. Among all the set prescriptions, the problem of injection has been standing on the top. Statistical analysis on single factor demonstrates that the most frequently referred ADR come from drug abuse (accounting for 29.20%), and overdose (24.54%). Conclusion: The safety problem of injection remains in a trend of robust growth at least for a period of time, thus reappraisal of the safety issue for the tonics of injection is imperative. It is essential for the public to take doctor’s advice to guarantee safe administration of the tonics, especially for the patients with allergic constitution or those suffering from the liver and heart diseases.展开更多
Twenty-eight surface soil samples from 5 functional zones （park, traffic roadside, business/residential area, rural area, and industrial area） of Uruimqi, China were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of ...Twenty-eight surface soil samples from 5 functional zones （park, traffic roadside, business/residential area, rural area, and industrial area） of Uruimqi, China were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of 14 organochlorine pesticides （OCPs）, such as 3 isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs） （α-HCH, β-HCH, and γ-HCH）, 4 dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） （p,p′-DDT and its metabolites p, p′-DDD （1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（p-chlorophenyl）ethane） and p,p′-DDE （1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（4-chorophenyl）ethylene）, and o, p′-DDT）, and methoxychlor, aiming to survey the residue levels and compositions of these 14 OCPs, to identify possible sources of the OCPs, and to assess their potential risks to human health and the environment in surface soils of Ur/imqi. The concentrations ranged from non-detected to 30.86μg kg^-1 for HCHs （sum of α-, β-, and γ-HCH）, from non-detected to 40.03 μg kg^-1 for DDTs （sum of p, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDD, p, p′-DDE, and o, p′-DDT）, and from non-detected to 11.95 μg kg^-1 for methoxychlor. The total concentrations of the OCPs ranged from 16.40 to 84.86 μg kg^-1, with a mean of 41.89 ± 16.25 μg kg^-1. According to the measured concentrations and occurrence rates of the 14 OCPs, DDTs, HCHs, and methoxychlor were the most dominant compounds. Among the 5 functional zones, the total concentration of OCPs was in the order of rural area 〉 traffic roadside 〉 park 〉 business/residential area 〉 industrial area. The different compositions of DDTs and HCHs indicated that the residues of these compounds in most soil samples originated from historical application, besides slight recent introduction at some sampling sites. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil total organic carbon played an important role in the residue levels of HCHs, but such relationships were not found with DDTs or other OCPs. The soil quality of Uriimqi was classified as Class I based on the guidelines of the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soil （GB15618-1995）, indicating that the residue levels of OCPs have little risks to the environment and human health in the study area.展开更多
基金The World Academy of Sciences(TWAS)(13-301 RG/MSN/AS_C) is acknowledged for financial support under COMSTECH-TWAS Grants Program
文摘Synthesis,characterization of Co_3O_4 and Ag-Co_3O_4 composites and evaluation of their photo-catalytic activities towards photo-degradation of aqueous solution of rhodamine B dye under irradiation of visible light have been described in this paper.Co_3O_4 was prepared by solid phase mechano chemical process using Co(NO_3)_2·6H_2O and NH_4 HCO_3 as precursor materials.Ag was deposited on Co_3O_4 from AgNO_3 using Calotropis gigantea extract as reducing agent.XRD,SEM and FTIR were used for characterization of prepared composites.Photo-catalytic efficiencies of as-prepared Co_3O_4 and Ag-Co_3O_4 were evaluated for aqueous phase photo-degradation of rhodamine B.It was found that deposition of Ag on Co_3O_4 highly enhanced the photo-catalytic activity of Co_3O_4.Photo-catalytic degradation followed the Eley–Rideal mechanism.About 100% and 91% photo-degradation of 40 ml dye solution achieved at 313 K in 90 and 120 min over 0.05 g of Ag-Co_3O_4 as photo-catalyst using 100 and 200 mg·L^(-1) as initial concentration of dye respectively.
文摘With the increasing use of PPCPs （pharmaceuticals and personal care products）, the impact caused by the accumulation of PPCPs on the environment has become increasingly serious and has attracted considerable attention. In the last 10 years, major studies on PPCPs have focused on the sources and analytical testing of concentrations in the environment. Afterward, studies have shifted to the transfer and transformation of PCPPs in the environment and to the environmental risk assessment of PPCPs. Studies on PPCPs in the underground environment have mainly focused on their adsorption, desorption, transfer, and transformation in the aeration and saturation zones. The main methods applied in these studies include indoor simulation experiments and outdoor sampling and testing. These studies have mainly considered one dimension, and most of them have concentrated only on the aeration or saturation zone. Therefore, the main developing directions of studies on PPCPs are the comprehensive study of the transfer and transform process from source to sink in the underground environment and the establishment of an effective and efficient PPCP detection system,
文摘目的利用大样本的真实世界数据,分析头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应发生情况及其影响因素。方法借助"医疗机构药品不良事件(adverse drug events,ADE)主动监测与智能评估警示系统"(ADE-ASAS)回顾性自动监测解放军总医院2013年7月至2018年6月使用注射用头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠的住院患者,双人评价系统报警病例,获得头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应的发生率与特征,并进行影响因素分析。结果 31 684例次用药患者发生严重过敏反应28例,发生率为0.88‰。多因素Logistic回归分析显示,过敏史(OR=4.861,95%CI:1.88312.546)、风湿免疫疾病(OR=4.611,95%CI:1.75312.127)为头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠致严重过敏反应的影响因素。结论头孢哌酮钠/舒巴坦钠相关严重过敏反应发生率属罕见范围。详询患者过敏史、既往史有助于降低临床用药风险。
基金supported by the Supporting Program of "the National Eleventh Five-year Plan" for Science and Technology Research of China (No.2006BAI08B02-03)
文摘Objective: To identify the possible safety-influencing factors in use of the tonics of Chinese medicine. Methods: The related case reports published in periodicals published from 1949 to 2006 were analyzed with the bibliometrics method. Possibility on safety assessment of Chinese materia medica was discussed as well with the method of link analysis. Results: The total number of the tonics selected for the present study was 101, including 44 single drugs and 46 set prescriptions with adverse drug reactions (ADR) found in these tonics. It was found that ADR of 10 single drugs and 29 preparations were not specified in authoritative Chinese materia medica monographs. Among all the set prescriptions, the problem of injection has been standing on the top. Statistical analysis on single factor demonstrates that the most frequently referred ADR come from drug abuse (accounting for 29.20%), and overdose (24.54%). Conclusion: The safety problem of injection remains in a trend of robust growth at least for a period of time, thus reappraisal of the safety issue for the tonics of injection is imperative. It is essential for the public to take doctor’s advice to guarantee safe administration of the tonics, especially for the patients with allergic constitution or those suffering from the liver and heart diseases.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 41101482)the Natural Science Foundation of Beijing, China (No. 8122021)
文摘Twenty-eight surface soil samples from 5 functional zones （park, traffic roadside, business/residential area, rural area, and industrial area） of Uruimqi, China were collected and analyzed for the concentrations of 14 organochlorine pesticides （OCPs）, such as 3 isomers of hexachlorocyclohexane （HCHs） （α-HCH, β-HCH, and γ-HCH）, 4 dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes （DDTs） （p,p′-DDT and its metabolites p, p′-DDD （1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（p-chlorophenyl）ethane） and p,p′-DDE （1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis（4-chorophenyl）ethylene）, and o, p′-DDT）, and methoxychlor, aiming to survey the residue levels and compositions of these 14 OCPs, to identify possible sources of the OCPs, and to assess their potential risks to human health and the environment in surface soils of Ur/imqi. The concentrations ranged from non-detected to 30.86μg kg^-1 for HCHs （sum of α-, β-, and γ-HCH）, from non-detected to 40.03 μg kg^-1 for DDTs （sum of p, p′-DDT, p, p′-DDD, p, p′-DDE, and o, p′-DDT）, and from non-detected to 11.95 μg kg^-1 for methoxychlor. The total concentrations of the OCPs ranged from 16.40 to 84.86 μg kg^-1, with a mean of 41.89 ± 16.25 μg kg^-1. According to the measured concentrations and occurrence rates of the 14 OCPs, DDTs, HCHs, and methoxychlor were the most dominant compounds. Among the 5 functional zones, the total concentration of OCPs was in the order of rural area 〉 traffic roadside 〉 park 〉 business/residential area 〉 industrial area. The different compositions of DDTs and HCHs indicated that the residues of these compounds in most soil samples originated from historical application, besides slight recent introduction at some sampling sites. The results of Pearson correlation analysis showed that soil total organic carbon played an important role in the residue levels of HCHs, but such relationships were not found with DDTs or other OCPs. The soil quality of Uriimqi was classified as Class I based on the guidelines of the Chinese Environmental Quality Standard for Soil （GB15618-1995）, indicating that the residue levels of OCPs have little risks to the environment and human health in the study area.
