采用T1(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍液喷灌根系2次,50%扑克拉锰5000倍喷灌根系1次,200×10^8 g^-1枯草芽孢杆菌667 m 2喷灌根系500 g 1次)和T2(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍喷灌根系2...采用T1(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍液喷灌根系2次,50%扑克拉锰5000倍喷灌根系1次,200×10^8 g^-1枯草芽孢杆菌667 m 2喷灌根系500 g 1次)和T2(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍喷灌根系2次,75%代森锰锌+50%多菌灵1000倍喷灌根系1次,50%扑克拉锰5000倍喷灌根系1次)2个预防性施药处理进行兰花茎腐病防治。调查和统计结果表明,药剂组合相比不施药对照的防效差异显著,预防性喷药时间安排恰到好处。7月15日调查表明,虽然对照的茎腐病已处高发期,病情指数已达8.5,但T1和T2处理的茎腐病发生轻,病情指数分别为1.3和1.7,防效分别为84.2%和79.7%。T1最后一次采用了枯草芽孢杆菌浇灌根系,既起到了抑制有害菌生长繁殖的作用,又促进了植株良好生长,证明了枯草芽孢杆菌在兰花植株抗性诱导及促进生长发育等方面的独特作用。本试验对兰花茎腐病的病情分级评价指标也首次作出了规范,可科学、合理、精确地表述病情的严重程度,为以后的研究提供了参考。展开更多
Aim To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets as compared with imported pantoprazole enteric-coated tablets. Methods This was an open randomized, two pe...Aim To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets as compared with imported pantoprazole enteric-coated tablets. Methods This was an open randomized, two periods cross over study on twenty healthy male volunteers. The pantoprazole concentrations in plasma after an oral dose of 40 mg pantoprzaole preparations were determined by a HPLC-UV method. Non-compartmental method was used for the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters. Logarithm-transformed Cmax and A UC were analyzed by the analysis of variance （ANOVA） with 90% confidence intervals. Results The main pharmacokinetics parameters of domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets and imported pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets were as following： Cmax （3610 ± 956）, （3466 ± 1209） ng·mL^-1, tmax （3.00 ± 0.40）, （3.00 ± 0.46） h, AUC0-t （8140 ± 5065）, （8390 ± 5474） ng·h·mL^-1, AUC0-∞ （8293 ± 5094）, （8625 ± 5606） ng·h·mL^-1, t1/2 （1.61 ± 0.28）, （1.85 ± 0.27） h, respectively. Conclusion Domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets were bioequivalent with the imported pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets.展开更多
Aim To establish a LC-MS method for determining the concentration of nifedipine in human plasma and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of nifedipine sustained-release tablets. Methods A XB-C18 （5 μm, 4....Aim To establish a LC-MS method for determining the concentration of nifedipine in human plasma and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of nifedipine sustained-release tablets. Methods A XB-C18 （5 μm, 4.6 mm ×150 mm） column and a mobile phase of methanol： 0.01 mol·L^-1ammonium acetate （60：40, V/V） were used to separate nifedipine, the detections was accuracy under atmosperic pressure electronic spray ionization （AP-ESI） mode and ion mass spectrum （m/z） of 314.9 [M＋H]^＋ for nifedipine, and 320.8 [M＋H]^＋ for lorazepam （Internal Standard, IS）. Results The linear range of nifedipine was 0.3 - 80 ng·mL^-1 （ r = 0.9997）, and the limit of quantitation （LOQ） was 0.3 ng·mL^-1. The nifedipine pharmacokinetic parameters after a single dose of 20 mg nifedipine sustained-release tablets test （T） or reference （R） were as the followings, t1/2 （6.73 ± 2.00） h and （7.04 ± 2.18） h, Tmax （4.28 ± 0.70） h and （4.48 ± 0.70） h, Cmax（39.66 ± 10.58） ng·mL^-1 and （40.19 ± 10.97） ng·mL^-1, AUC0-36 （391.63 ± 108.55） ng·mL^-1·h and （387.57 ± 121.51） ng·mL^-1·h, and AUC0-∞ （408.28 ± 121.16） ng·mL^-1·h and （406.15 ± 133.13） ng·mL^-1·h. The relative bioavailability of nifedipine sustained-release tablets （test） was （103.02 ± 13.93） %. Conclusion LC-MS method for the determination of concentrations of nifedipine in human plasma was sensitive and accurate, and could be used in nifedipine bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies.展开更多
Aim To develop a rapid, simple, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of cefprozil in human plasma and to study its pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence after 0.5 g o...Aim To develop a rapid, simple, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of cefprozil in human plasma and to study its pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence after 0.5 g oral doses of cefprozil granules and tablets. Methods The blood concentration of cefprozil was analyzed after extracted with 6% trichloroacetic acid, using tinidazole as internal standard (I.S.). A C_ 18 column was used to separate cefprozil with mobile phase of methanol, purified water and glac...展开更多
Aim To establish a HPLC method for the determination of bicalutamide plasma concentration and to evaluate the bioequivalence of bicalutamide capsules （test） and tablets （reference）. Methods A single oral dose of 5...Aim To establish a HPLC method for the determination of bicalutamide plasma concentration and to evaluate the bioequivalence of bicalutamide capsules （test） and tablets （reference）. Methods A single oral dose of 50 mg bicalutamide capsules or tablets were given to 48 Chinese healthy volunteers in a one period parallel design test. Bicalutamide in plasma was analyzed using a XB-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water （60：40, V/V） and the dectection wavelength of 272 nm and it is pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and evaluated using DAS2.0. Results The linear range of bicalutamide was 10 - 1200 ng·mL^-1. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the test and reference were as the followings, t1/2 （138.36 ± 32.03） and （146.12 ± 27.04） h, Tmax （17.17 ± 4.65） and （16.92 ± 4.85） h, Cmax（910.83 ± 130.49） and （868.71 ± 115.35） ng·mL^-1 AUC0-672（172437.08 ± 3986.07） and （176842.34 ± 35733.85） ng·mL^-1·h, and AUC0-∞ （179456.55 ± 43127.65） and （185270.39 ± 39688.63） ng·mL^-1·h, respectively. The two-one side t-test analysis showed that the confidence intervals of Crux, A UC0-672 and A UC0-∞ were （98.9% - 100.7%）, （98.8% - 100.6%） and （99.7% - 101.7%）, respectively. Conclusion The relative bioavailability of bicalutamide capsules was 97.51%. The bioequivalence was demonstrated by the two-one side t-test展开更多
To control drug effects by detecting temperature difference between biologically active point（BAP）and intact area of skin for treatment of mental illness,a device is developed for monitoring the temperature of BAP a...To control drug effects by detecting temperature difference between biologically active point（BAP）and intact area of skin for treatment of mental illness,a device is developed for monitoring the temperature of BAP and the dose medication and its change in real time to increase effectiveness of treatment.Two electrodes by Foll R method are used and BAP is determined based on topographic anatomical reference points.The temperature values are measured by integral thermometers DS18B20.the received data are processed and temperature difference is calculated and displayed under the control of microcontroller Atmega32.The obtained data confirm the correlation between the temperature difference indicators BAP C7,Gi4 and neurological scales assessing severity of mental illness.The experimetal results show that the temperature difference can be criteria for evaluating the effects of drugs,which is the basis for computer control systems of of medical process of mental patients.展开更多
Increasing attention is being paid to the scientific evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As many TCMs are capable of biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract, attention to biotransforrnation of ...Increasing attention is being paid to the scientific evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As many TCMs are capable of biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract, attention to biotransforrnation of TCM in the gastrointestinal tract may lead to discovery of the active components and active mechanisms. In this article, we review reports that host metabolic enzymes and intestinal bacteria may be responsible for the metabolism of TCM. Good understanding of the in vivo course of TCM will help us to know how to conduct metabolism evaluation of TCM by using in vitro human-derived system. This evaluation system will create new views on TCM as effective and safe therapeutic agents.展开更多
AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese traditional medicines Da Cheng Qi Decoction (Timely-Purging and Yin-Preserving Decoction) and Glauber's salt combined with conservative measures on...AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese traditional medicines Da Cheng Qi Decoction (Timely-Purging and Yin-Preserving Decoction) and Glauber's salt combined with conservative measures on abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients. METHODS: Eighty consecutive SAP patients, admitted for routine non-operative conservative treatment, were randomly divided into study group and control group (40 patients in each group). Patients in the study group received Da Cheng Qi Decoction enema for 2 h and external use of Glauber's salt, once a day for 7 d. Patients in the control group received normal saline (NS) enema. Routine non-operative conservative treatments included non-per os nutrition (NPON), gastrointestinal decompression, life support, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), continuous peripancreatic vascular pharmaceutical infusion and drug therapy. Intra-cystic pressure (ICP) of the two groups was measured during treatment. The effectiveness and outcomes of treatment were observed and APACHE Ⅱ scores were applied in analysis. RESULTS: On days 4 and 5 of treatment, the ICP was lower in the study group than in the control group(P < 0.05). On days 3-5 of treatment, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) scores for the study and control groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Both the effectiveness and outcome of the treatment with Da Cheng Qi Decoction on abdominalgia, burbulence relief time, ascites quantity, cyst formation rate and hospitalization time were quite different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The mortality rate for the two groups had no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Da Cheng Qi Decoction enema and external use of Glauber's salt combined with routine non-operative conservative treatment can decrease the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) of SAP patients and have preventive and therapeutic effects on abdominal compartment syndrome of SAP.展开更多
文摘采用T1(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍液喷灌根系2次,50%扑克拉锰5000倍喷灌根系1次,200×10^8 g^-1枯草芽孢杆菌667 m 2喷灌根系500 g 1次)和T2(11%精甲·咯·嘧菌+3%甲霜·噁霉灵600倍喷灌根系2次,75%代森锰锌+50%多菌灵1000倍喷灌根系1次,50%扑克拉锰5000倍喷灌根系1次)2个预防性施药处理进行兰花茎腐病防治。调查和统计结果表明,药剂组合相比不施药对照的防效差异显著,预防性喷药时间安排恰到好处。7月15日调查表明,虽然对照的茎腐病已处高发期,病情指数已达8.5,但T1和T2处理的茎腐病发生轻,病情指数分别为1.3和1.7,防效分别为84.2%和79.7%。T1最后一次采用了枯草芽孢杆菌浇灌根系,既起到了抑制有害菌生长繁殖的作用,又促进了植株良好生长,证明了枯草芽孢杆菌在兰花植株抗性诱导及促进生长发育等方面的独特作用。本试验对兰花茎腐病的病情分级评价指标也首次作出了规范,可科学、合理、精确地表述病情的严重程度,为以后的研究提供了参考。
文摘Aim To evaluate the pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence of domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets as compared with imported pantoprazole enteric-coated tablets. Methods This was an open randomized, two periods cross over study on twenty healthy male volunteers. The pantoprazole concentrations in plasma after an oral dose of 40 mg pantoprzaole preparations were determined by a HPLC-UV method. Non-compartmental method was used for the calculation of pharmacokinetic parameters. Logarithm-transformed Cmax and A UC were analyzed by the analysis of variance （ANOVA） with 90% confidence intervals. Results The main pharmacokinetics parameters of domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets and imported pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets were as following： Cmax （3610 ± 956）, （3466 ± 1209） ng·mL^-1, tmax （3.00 ± 0.40）, （3.00 ± 0.46） h, AUC0-t （8140 ± 5065）, （8390 ± 5474） ng·h·mL^-1, AUC0-∞ （8293 ± 5094）, （8625 ± 5606） ng·h·mL^-1, t1/2 （1.61 ± 0.28）, （1.85 ± 0.27） h, respectively. Conclusion Domestic pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets were bioequivalent with the imported pantoprazole sodium enteric-coated tablets.
文摘Aim To establish a LC-MS method for determining the concentration of nifedipine in human plasma and to evaluate the pharmacokinetic characteristics of nifedipine sustained-release tablets. Methods A XB-C18 （5 μm, 4.6 mm ×150 mm） column and a mobile phase of methanol： 0.01 mol·L^-1ammonium acetate （60：40, V/V） were used to separate nifedipine, the detections was accuracy under atmosperic pressure electronic spray ionization （AP-ESI） mode and ion mass spectrum （m/z） of 314.9 [M＋H]^＋ for nifedipine, and 320.8 [M＋H]^＋ for lorazepam （Internal Standard, IS）. Results The linear range of nifedipine was 0.3 - 80 ng·mL^-1 （ r = 0.9997）, and the limit of quantitation （LOQ） was 0.3 ng·mL^-1. The nifedipine pharmacokinetic parameters after a single dose of 20 mg nifedipine sustained-release tablets test （T） or reference （R） were as the followings, t1/2 （6.73 ± 2.00） h and （7.04 ± 2.18） h, Tmax （4.28 ± 0.70） h and （4.48 ± 0.70） h, Cmax（39.66 ± 10.58） ng·mL^-1 and （40.19 ± 10.97） ng·mL^-1, AUC0-36 （391.63 ± 108.55） ng·mL^-1·h and （387.57 ± 121.51） ng·mL^-1·h, and AUC0-∞ （408.28 ± 121.16） ng·mL^-1·h and （406.15 ± 133.13） ng·mL^-1·h. The relative bioavailability of nifedipine sustained-release tablets （test） was （103.02 ± 13.93） %. Conclusion LC-MS method for the determination of concentrations of nifedipine in human plasma was sensitive and accurate, and could be used in nifedipine bioavailability and pharmacokinetic studies.
文摘Aim To develop a rapid, simple, and sensitive high-performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) method for the determination of cefprozil in human plasma and to study its pharmacokinetics and bioequivalence after 0.5 g oral doses of cefprozil granules and tablets. Methods The blood concentration of cefprozil was analyzed after extracted with 6% trichloroacetic acid, using tinidazole as internal standard (I.S.). A C_ 18 column was used to separate cefprozil with mobile phase of methanol, purified water and glac...
文摘Aim To establish a HPLC method for the determination of bicalutamide plasma concentration and to evaluate the bioequivalence of bicalutamide capsules （test） and tablets （reference）. Methods A single oral dose of 50 mg bicalutamide capsules or tablets were given to 48 Chinese healthy volunteers in a one period parallel design test. Bicalutamide in plasma was analyzed using a XB-C18 column with a mobile phase of acetonitrile-water （60：40, V/V） and the dectection wavelength of 272 nm and it is pharmacokinetic parameters were calculated and evaluated using DAS2.0. Results The linear range of bicalutamide was 10 - 1200 ng·mL^-1. The main pharmacokinetic parameters of the test and reference were as the followings, t1/2 （138.36 ± 32.03） and （146.12 ± 27.04） h, Tmax （17.17 ± 4.65） and （16.92 ± 4.85） h, Cmax（910.83 ± 130.49） and （868.71 ± 115.35） ng·mL^-1 AUC0-672（172437.08 ± 3986.07） and （176842.34 ± 35733.85） ng·mL^-1·h, and AUC0-∞ （179456.55 ± 43127.65） and （185270.39 ± 39688.63） ng·mL^-1·h, respectively. The two-one side t-test analysis showed that the confidence intervals of Crux, A UC0-672 and A UC0-∞ were （98.9% - 100.7%）, （98.8% - 100.6%） and （99.7% - 101.7%）, respectively. Conclusion The relative bioavailability of bicalutamide capsules was 97.51%. The bioequivalence was demonstrated by the two-one side t-test
文摘To control drug effects by detecting temperature difference between biologically active point（BAP）and intact area of skin for treatment of mental illness,a device is developed for monitoring the temperature of BAP and the dose medication and its change in real time to increase effectiveness of treatment.Two electrodes by Foll R method are used and BAP is determined based on topographic anatomical reference points.The temperature values are measured by integral thermometers DS18B20.the received data are processed and temperature difference is calculated and displayed under the control of microcontroller Atmega32.The obtained data confirm the correlation between the temperature difference indicators BAP C7,Gi4 and neurological scales assessing severity of mental illness.The experimetal results show that the temperature difference can be criteria for evaluating the effects of drugs,which is the basis for computer control systems of of medical process of mental patients.
文摘Increasing attention is being paid to the scientific evaluation of traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）. As many TCMs are capable of biotransformation in the gastrointestinal tract, attention to biotransforrnation of TCM in the gastrointestinal tract may lead to discovery of the active components and active mechanisms. In this article, we review reports that host metabolic enzymes and intestinal bacteria may be responsible for the metabolism of TCM. Good understanding of the in vivo course of TCM will help us to know how to conduct metabolism evaluation of TCM by using in vitro human-derived system. This evaluation system will create new views on TCM as effective and safe therapeutic agents.
文摘AIM: To investigate the therapeutic effect of traditional Chinese traditional medicines Da Cheng Qi Decoction (Timely-Purging and Yin-Preserving Decoction) and Glauber's salt combined with conservative measures on abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) in severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) patients. METHODS: Eighty consecutive SAP patients, admitted for routine non-operative conservative treatment, were randomly divided into study group and control group (40 patients in each group). Patients in the study group received Da Cheng Qi Decoction enema for 2 h and external use of Glauber's salt, once a day for 7 d. Patients in the control group received normal saline (NS) enema. Routine non-operative conservative treatments included non-per os nutrition (NPON), gastrointestinal decompression, life support, total parenteral nutrition (TPN), continuous peripancreatic vascular pharmaceutical infusion and drug therapy. Intra-cystic pressure (ICP) of the two groups was measured during treatment. The effectiveness and outcomes of treatment were observed and APACHE Ⅱ scores were applied in analysis. RESULTS: On days 4 and 5 of treatment, the ICP was lower in the study group than in the control group(P < 0.05). On days 3-5 of treatment, acute physiology and chronic health evaluation Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) scores for the study and control groups were significantly different (P < 0.05). Both the effectiveness and outcome of the treatment with Da Cheng Qi Decoction on abdominalgia, burbulence relief time, ascites quantity, cyst formation rate and hospitalization time were quite different between the two groups (P < 0.05). The mortality rate for the two groups had no significant difference. CONCLUSION: Da Cheng Qi Decoction enema and external use of Glauber's salt combined with routine non-operative conservative treatment can decrease the intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) of SAP patients and have preventive and therapeutic effects on abdominal compartment syndrome of SAP.
