目的观察6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4对老年经尿道前列腺电切术患者的血浆渗透压和电解质K+、Na+、C l-的影响。方法40例ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级行经尿道前列腺电切术老年患者随机分为羟乙基淀粉组(Ⅰ)和乳酸钠林格注射液组(Ⅱ);麻醉诱导开始45 m in内按10 ...目的观察6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4对老年经尿道前列腺电切术患者的血浆渗透压和电解质K+、Na+、C l-的影响。方法40例ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级行经尿道前列腺电切术老年患者随机分为羟乙基淀粉组(Ⅰ)和乳酸钠林格注射液组(Ⅱ);麻醉诱导开始45 m in内按10 m l/kg分别输注6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4(Ⅰ)和乳酸钠林格注射液(Ⅱ),随后均用乳酸钠林格注射液维持容量;于输液前、手术30 m in和术毕取静脉血检测血浆渗透压和电解质K+、Na+、C l-,分别记录各组血流动力学指标、B超前列腺大小、术中冲洗液用量、手术时间、静脉输液总量。结果血浆渗透压变化Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组小,差异有显著性(P<0.01);K+变化两组比较差异无显著性,Na+、C l-变化Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组小,差异有显著性(P<0.05);术毕收缩压两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论老年患者经尿道前列腺电切术术中应用6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4,有利于维持机体内环境及血流动力学的平稳。展开更多
The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors we...The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors were highlighted: (i) a new hydrated phase (thermodynamically stable) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was detected after the recrystallization starting from a deliquescent state, (ii) a spontaneous resolution of a hydrated racemic compound towards an anhydrous conglomerate can occur during the desolvation under the precise conditions of temperature and humidity. This study illustrates that knowledge about solid/vapour equilibrium is a crucial step during the complete characterization of solid organic compounds.展开更多
Reactive extraction is an emerging technology for large-scale continuous resolution of drug enantiomers. The enantioselective extraction of R,S-naproxen by hydrophilic HP-β-CD in 1,2-dichloroethane was studied at 5℃...Reactive extraction is an emerging technology for large-scale continuous resolution of drug enantiomers. The enantioselective extraction of R,S-naproxen by hydrophilic HP-β-CD in 1,2-dichloroethane was studied at 5℃. The experimental data were described by a reactive extraction model with a homogeneous aqueous phase reaction of R,S-naproxen with HP-β-CD which couples a complete description of chemical equilibria in aqueous phase with the overall phase equilibria of the system. Important parameters of this model were determined experimentally. The physical distribution coefficients for molecular and ionic NAP were 0.041 and 1.730, respectively. Here we show that the efficiency of extraction depends strongly on two process variables including pH and HP-β-CD concentration. The model predictions are compared graphically with the results of pre- vious experiments and there is a good agreement between each other. By the use of modeling and experiment, an optimized extraction condition with pH of 2.5 and HP-β-CD concentration of 0.1 mol/L was obtained with high enantioselectivity （a） of 1.59 and performance factor （pf） of 0,049. The model gives a good means of predicting enantiomers partitioning over a range of experimental conditions.展开更多
文摘目的观察6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4对老年经尿道前列腺电切术患者的血浆渗透压和电解质K+、Na+、C l-的影响。方法40例ASAⅠ~Ⅲ级行经尿道前列腺电切术老年患者随机分为羟乙基淀粉组(Ⅰ)和乳酸钠林格注射液组(Ⅱ);麻醉诱导开始45 m in内按10 m l/kg分别输注6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4(Ⅰ)和乳酸钠林格注射液(Ⅱ),随后均用乳酸钠林格注射液维持容量;于输液前、手术30 m in和术毕取静脉血检测血浆渗透压和电解质K+、Na+、C l-,分别记录各组血流动力学指标、B超前列腺大小、术中冲洗液用量、手术时间、静脉输液总量。结果血浆渗透压变化Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组小,差异有显著性(P<0.01);K+变化两组比较差异无显著性,Na+、C l-变化Ⅰ组较Ⅱ组小,差异有显著性(P<0.05);术毕收缩压两组比较差异有显著性(P<0.05)。结论老年患者经尿道前列腺电切术术中应用6%羟乙基淀粉130/0.4,有利于维持机体内环境及血流动力学的平稳。
文摘The influence of solvent (in its gaseous state) on the stability of crystallized organic compounds was investigated. Through two examples of studies on the solid/vapour equilibria made in our lab, several behaviors were highlighted: (i) a new hydrated phase (thermodynamically stable) of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) was detected after the recrystallization starting from a deliquescent state, (ii) a spontaneous resolution of a hydrated racemic compound towards an anhydrous conglomerate can occur during the desolvation under the precise conditions of temperature and humidity. This study illustrates that knowledge about solid/vapour equilibrium is a crucial step during the complete characterization of solid organic compounds.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (20976041)Program for New Century Excellent Talents in University,Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation (10JJ1004)+1 种基金Aid Program for Science and Technology Innovative Research Team in Higher Educational Instituions of Hunan Provincethe Open Fund Project of Key Laboratory in Hunan University (09K095)
文摘Reactive extraction is an emerging technology for large-scale continuous resolution of drug enantiomers. The enantioselective extraction of R,S-naproxen by hydrophilic HP-β-CD in 1,2-dichloroethane was studied at 5℃. The experimental data were described by a reactive extraction model with a homogeneous aqueous phase reaction of R,S-naproxen with HP-β-CD which couples a complete description of chemical equilibria in aqueous phase with the overall phase equilibria of the system. Important parameters of this model were determined experimentally. The physical distribution coefficients for molecular and ionic NAP were 0.041 and 1.730, respectively. Here we show that the efficiency of extraction depends strongly on two process variables including pH and HP-β-CD concentration. The model predictions are compared graphically with the results of pre- vious experiments and there is a good agreement between each other. By the use of modeling and experiment, an optimized extraction condition with pH of 2.5 and HP-β-CD concentration of 0.1 mol/L was obtained with high enantioselectivity （a） of 1.59 and performance factor （pf） of 0,049. The model gives a good means of predicting enantiomers partitioning over a range of experimental conditions.
