川桑(Morus notabilis)枝条的药用化学成分分离鉴定

桑树的枝条是传统的中药材,以我国特有野生桑种质资源川桑（Morus notabilis）的枝条为材料,提取分离药用化学成分。桑枝粉首先采用95%乙醇粗提、减压浓缩,然后分别用硅胶柱色谱、D101大孔吸附树脂柱色谱、反相C_（18）柱色谱、葡聚糖凝胶Sephadex LH-20柱色谱技术以及制备型HPLC色谱仪等,对提取物中的化合物进行富集和分离、纯化,共得到13种单体化合物。经波谱分析以及与已有研究文献的相关信息对比分析,鉴定13种化合物分别为川桑素A（1）、桑辛素I（2）、桑呋喃B（3）、桑酮T（4）、桑酮C（5）、桑酮U（6）、5,5＇-双丁氧基-2,2＇-双呋喃（7）、异香草醛（8）、丁香醛（9）、东莨菪素（10）、反式-3,5-二甲氧基-4-羟基肉桂醛（11）、对羟基-苯甲醛（12）、川桑素L（13）。编号为2~13的12种化合物系首次从川桑中分离的已知化合物,其中,化合物13（川桑素L）为一种新的天然化合物。

ISOFLAVONES FROM ASTRAGALUS MEMBRANACEUS

Two new isoflavones (8, 3'-dihydroxy-7,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone, odoratin-7-0-[3-D-glu-copyranoside) and four known isoflavones (formononetin, 7,3'-dihydroxy-8,4'-dimethoxyisoflavone, calycosin, calycosin-7-0-(3-D-glucopyranoside) were isolated from the roots of Astragalus mem-branaceus (Fisch.) Bunge. Their structures were established by spectral analysis.

Chemical Constituents of Angelica sinensis

Aim To investigate the active constituents responsible for thepharmacological activities of Angelica sinensis (Oliv) Diels. Methods Chromatography was used toisolate chemical components, and spectroscopy was used to identify their structures. Results Sevencompounds were isolated and their structures were identified as ferulic acid (1), conife-rylferukte(2) , bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (3), dibutyl phthalate (4), lignoceric acid (5), palmitic acid(6), and Z-6, 7-cis-dihydroxyligustilide (7) Conclusion Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate and dibutylphthalate were obtained from Angelica sinensis for the first time.

虾脊兰属植物研究现状综述

虾脊兰属隶属于兰科,为多年生草本植物。因其植株高大,花色艳丽,观赏价值高而备受关注,同时具有重要的药用价值和科研价值。本研究综述了虾脊兰属植物的种质资源调查、遗传多样性、化学成分与药用价值、生态环境与保护、组培快繁及引种驯化等方面的研究进展,分析探讨了虾脊兰属植物在开发利用和保护中存在的问题,以期为相关研究提供参考和依据。

Chemical constituents of marine medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris

Twenty-four compounds including eight steroids （1-8）, nine triterpenoids （9-16, 24）, three flavonoids （20-22）, and four benzenecarboxylic derivatives （17-19, 23） were isolated and identified from stems and twigs of medicinal mangrove plant Sonneratia caseolaris. The structures of the isolated compounds were determined by extensive analysis of their spectroscopic data. Among these rnetabolites, compounds 1, 4-20 and 22-24 were isolated and identified for the first time from S. caseolaris. In the in vitro cytotoxic assay against SMMC-7721 human hepatoma cells, compound 21 （3＇,4＇,5,7-tetrahydroxyflavone） exhibited significant activity with IC50 2.8 μg/mL, while oleanolic acid （14）, 3,3＇-di-O-methyl ether ellagic acid （18）, and 3,3＇,4-O-tri-O-methyl ether ellagic acid （19） showed weak activity. None of these compounds displayed significant antibacterial activites.

Behavioural Response of Anacanthotermes ochraceus towards Some Baits and Volatile Oils

Six types of termites＇ baits （cartoon, rough tissues, soft toilet tissues, acacia wood, saw dust of building wood and sackcloth） were elicited variable degree of attraction toward Anacanthotermes ochaceus, where the best one was cardboard, followed by soft and rough toilet tissue at mono-choice and multiple-choice tests. Chemical analysis showed that there were variations in the chemical constituents （lignin, cellulose, N, H and C） of the six baits studied. On the other hand, olfactory reactions of harvester termites toward eight volatile oils （four natural medical plants and four commercial terpines） were repellent, but the most repellent one was cineol and the least one was clove oil. The most tested oils were caused inhibition in feeding, except cedar wood. The most toxic oils were cineol followed by thymol.

Effect of Three Different Growth Media on Yield and Oil Constituents of Rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis L.） under Protected Agriculture Conditions

Medicinal plants provide an important source of cure since ancient time. Poor soil resources, scarce and saline water and the harsh environment limited the production of plants in the Arabian Gulf countries. This study aimed to investigate the production potential of rosemary （Rosmarinus officinalis L.） grown on different growth media under greenhouse conditions. Three growth media agricultural soil, compost and hydroponic system were used, whereas tuff （inert volcanic material） was used as substrate. The result indicated that the high salinity of the agricultural soil limited growth and oil yield in rosemary. Shoot height increased in 11 weeks, by 62%, 65% and 114% in plants grown in agricultural soil, hydroponic system and compost, respectively. Na content in plants grown in agricultural soil was significantly higher than in plants grown in the other treatment. Essential oil yield in plants grown in compost exceeded those in agricultural soil by 114%. Essential oil content （0.66%-1.5% w/w） and chemical constituents concentrations did not change significantly with growth media. The main constituents, more or less, are comparable to essential oils constituents reported from other countries. In comparison, better yields are obtained for individual components of the oils of plants grown under our green house conditions. This study demonstrated the great potential of commercial production of rosemary in the greenhouse without compromising the oil quality and oil yield.

Research progress on the chemical constituents and pharmacological activities of Fructus corni

Fructus corni is the dried sarcocarp of Cornus officinalis Sieb.et Zucc.It has been used as an important traditional Chinese medicine.Its action is to protect liver and kidney and regulate the essence of human body.In this paper,the research progress on the chemical ingredients and pharmacological activities of Fructus corni are reviewed.According to its pharmacological activities,some suggestions for future research and development have been made.

Relationship between Temperaments of Medicinal Plants and Their Major Chemical Compounds

Objective: To determine any relationship between temperaments of medicinal plants referred to traditional Iranian manuscripts and their major chemical compounds. Methods: Plants used in traditional Iranian medicine were categorized based on their major chemical compounds including alkaloids, phenolic compounds, and essential oils. Their temperaments were extracted from traditional herbal pharmacopeias of Iran. The possible relationship between major chemical compounds and temperaments of each group were evaluated. Results: Plants containing phenolic compounds as their major constituents are hot and dry temperaments except those contain tannins with cold and dry temperaments. Plants containing essential oils have hot and dry temperaments except those whose major essential oils with alcoholic structure which have cold and dry temperaments. Alkaloid-containing plants have cold and dry or hot and dry temperaments based on their alkaloidal structures. Conclusions: There is a close relationship between major chemical compounds of medicinal plants and their temperaments mentioned in traditional Iranian manuscripts.

Discrimination of the rare medicinal plant Dendrobium officinale based on naringenin, bibenzyl, and polysaccharides

The aim of this study was to establish a method for discriminating Dendrobium officinale from four of its close relatives Den- drobium chrysanthum, Dendrobium erystallinum, Dendrobium aphyllum and Dendrobium devonianum based on chemical composition analysis. We analyzed 62 samples of 24 Dendrobium species. High performance liquid chromatography analysis confirmed that the four low molecular weight compounds 4＇,5,7-trihydroxyflavanone （naringenin）, 3,4-dihydroxy-4＇,5-dime- tboxybibenzyl （DDB^2）, 3＇,4-dihydroxy-3,5＇-dimethoxybibenzyl （gigantol）, and 4,4＇-dihydroxy-3,3＇,5-trimethoxybibenzyl （moscatilin）, were common in the genus. The phenol-sulfuric acid method was used to quantify polysaccharides, and the mon- osaccharide composition of the polysaccharides was determined by gas chromatography. Stepwise discriminant analysis was used to differentiate among the five closely related species based on the chemical composition analysis. This proved to be a simple and accurate approach for discriminating among these species. The results also showed that the polysaccharide content, the amounts of the four low molecular weight compounds, and the mannose to glucose ratio, were important factors for species discriminaut. Therefore, we propose that a chemical analysis based on quantification of naringenin, bibenzyl, and polysaccha- rides is effective for identifying D. officinale.

The synthesis of benzoxaboroles and their applications in medicinal chemistry

Benzoxaborole,as a versatile scaffold,plays important roles in organic synthesis,molecular recognition and supramolecular chemistry.It is also a privileged structure in medicinal chemistry due to its desirable physicochemical and drug-like properties.Recently,benzoxaboroles were widely applied as antifungal,antibacterial,antiviral,anti-parasite,and anti-inflammatory agents.This review covers the properties,synthetic methods and applications of benzoxaboroles in medicinal chemistry.