[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to clone and analyze the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Method ] Degenerate primers were designed according to the conserved regions of actin sequences of Rehmannia gluti...[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to clone and analyze the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Method ] Degenerate primers were designed according to the conserved regions of actin sequences of Rehmannia glutinosa and its similar species, RT-PCR was next conducted to amplify the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Result] The amplified fragment is 724 bp and correspondingly 240 amino acids. The BLAST results indicate that the homology between the amplified fragment and other higher plants for aetin gene sequences and amino acid are more than 80% and 90%, respectively, suggesting that the amplified fragment is the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Conclusion] Phylogenetic analysis shows that the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa has an intimate genetic relationship with actin7 gene of Nicotiana tabacum.展开更多
Comparative genetic studies have shown that there are widespread synteny and colinearity of the genes among different species within grass family. Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a model plant, and analysis of its genome a...Comparative genetic studies have shown that there are widespread synteny and colinearity of the genes among different species within grass family. Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a model plant, and analysis of its genome allows us to reveal the common features and the evolutionary rules of the gramineous genomes and accumulate the data for establishment of a common genetic system in the Poaceae. In this study, a rice gene Pib ( 10.3 kb), a map-based cloned gene, and RFLP markers linked with it are used as the tested probes to investigate their homology and physical location among the tested species. Southern blotting analysis showed that there were sequences homologous to Pib in maize genome. Further, Pib was localized onto the chromosomes of O. sativa ssp. indica cv. Guangluai 4, O. officinalis Wall ex Watt and the inbred line of Zea mays cv. Huangzao 4. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and double-color FISH indicated that a synteny of Pib and RFLP markers linked with Pib existed among the genomes of the three tested species.展开更多
Focusing on the global food security and analyzing the challenges now confronting human being of global climate change,sustainable development of agriculture,energy and environment,plant scientists should take the soc...Focusing on the global food security and analyzing the challenges now confronting human being of global climate change,sustainable development of agriculture,energy and environment,plant scientists should take the social responsibility and play the role in solving the global problems like food security from the developmental status and potential of plant science and technology. Moreover,by working with agronomists, ecologists and environmental experts,plant scientists do provide novel ideas and technologies for developing low carbon agriculture,for breeding new crop varieties with high yield and quality and stress resistance,for developing new type of energy plants,for supplying healthy foods and drugs,reasonably using land and water resources,and for ameliorating environment,making better contribution to the sustainable development of the globe and human being ourselves.展开更多
Although the antiestrogen agent tamoxifen has long been used to treat women with hormone receptor positive inva-sive breast carcinoma, the mechanisms of its action and acquired resistance to tamoxifen during treatment...Although the antiestrogen agent tamoxifen has long been used to treat women with hormone receptor positive inva-sive breast carcinoma, the mechanisms of its action and acquired resistance to tamoxifen during treatment are largelyunknown. A number of studies have revealed that over-activation of some signaling pathways can cause tamoxifenresistance; however, very little information is available regarding the genes whose loss-of-function alternation contrib-ute to tamoxifen resistance. Here we used a forward genetic approach in vitro to generate tamoxifen resistant cells fromthe tamoxifen sensitive breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1, and further identified the disrupted gene in different tamoxifenresistant clones. Retinol binding protein 7, DNA polymerase-transactivated protein 3, γ-glutamyltransferase-like activity 1,slit-robo RhoGTPase-activating protein, tetraspan NET-4, HSPC194, amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel gene,and Notch2, were the eight mutated genes identified in different tamoxifen resistant clones, suggesting their requirementfor tamoxifen sensitivity in ZR-75-1 cells. Since the functions of these genes are not related to each other, it suggeststhat multiple pathways can influence tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells.展开更多
Objective： To explore the feasibility of transfecting cytidine deaminase （CD） gene into mouse bone marrow cells in order to observe the drug resistance of high dose Ara-C and improve the tolerance of myelosuppressi...Objective： To explore the feasibility of transfecting cytidine deaminase （CD） gene into mouse bone marrow cells in order to observe the drug resistance of high dose Ara-C and improve the tolerance of myelosuppression following combination chemotherapy. Methods： Human cytidine deaminase gene was transfected into mice bone marrow cells by retroviral vector. Resistant colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage （CFU-GM） assay was performed after the transfected mice bone marrow cells treated by the Ara-C. DNA was extracted from mice bone marrow cells. The drug resistant gene in mice bone marrow cells after transfection was detected by PCR. Results： Bone marrow cells of the donor mice cultured with the retroviral producer cells showed the drug resistant colonies and resistance to Ara-C, so did accept mice transplanted with the CD gene （CFU-GM of donor mice was 52%, χ^2 = 124.62, P 〈 0.01; accept mice was 54%, χ^2 = 126.26, P 〈 0.01, both compared with the contrast group）. The animal survival rate was significantly higher in gene transfected group than that of the control （χ^2= 7.42, P 〈 0.01）. CD gene of transfected bone marrow cells was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion： CD gene can be transfected into bone marrow cells of mice efficiently and increase the drug resistance to Ara-C.展开更多
In this article, we introduce the system of high throughput screening (HTS). Its role in new drug study and current development is described. The relationship between research achievements of genome study and new type...In this article, we introduce the system of high throughput screening (HTS). Its role in new drug study and current development is described. The relationship between research achievements of genome study and new type screening model of new drugs is emphasized. The personal opinions of current problems about HTS study in China are raised.展开更多
The concept of“pharmacophylogeny”was proposed by Peigen Xiao in the 1980s based on long-term studies of Chinese researchers since ancient times and especially the 1950s.The complicated relationships and connectivity...The concept of“pharmacophylogeny”was proposed by Peigen Xiao in the 1980s based on long-term studies of Chinese researchers since ancient times and especially the 1950s.The complicated relationships and connectivity between kinship of medicinal plants,their chemical profiles and therapeutic utilities are consistent goals of pharmacophylogeny studies,which benefit innovative drug R&D.In the present work,we reviewed the origin and a brief history of research in this field,as well as the status quo and recent progress of pharmacophylogeny.The concept“pharmacophylogenomics”is put forward to represent the expanding utility of pharmacophylogeny in botanical drug R&D.Pharmacophylogeny and pharmacophylogenomics are the synthesis of multiple disciplines,such as chemotaxonomy,plant morphology,plant biochemistry/molecular biology and omics,etc.Medicinal plants within the same phylogenetic groups may have the same or similar therapeutic compounds/effects,thus forming the core of pharmacophylogeny,which is the scientific law summed up from practice and applied to practice after refining and sublimation.In the past,pharmacophylogeny plays a big role in looking for alternative resources of imported drugs in China.At present,it continues to play an active role in expanding medicinal plant resources,quality control/identification of herbal medicines,as well as predicting the chemical constituents or active ingredients of herbal medicine and the identification and determination of chemical constituents.In the ongoing future,it will play a bigger role in the search for new drugs,sorting out,summarizing,and improving herbal medicine experiences,thus boosting the sustainable conservation and utilization of traditional/natural medicinal resources.展开更多
The economic benefits of insect-resistant genetically modified(GM) crops have been well documented, but the impact of such crops and the consequent reduction in pesticide use on farmers' health remains largely unk...The economic benefits of insect-resistant genetically modified(GM) crops have been well documented, but the impact of such crops and the consequent reduction in pesticide use on farmers' health remains largely unknown. Through the analysis of the data collected from the physical examination from farmers in China, we show that GM rice significantly reduces pesticide use and the resultant not only visible but also invisible adverse effects on farmers' neurological, hematological, and electrolyte system. Hence, the commercialization of GM rice is expected to improve the health of farmers in developing countries, where pesticide application is necessary to mitigate crop loss.展开更多
Plants produce a wide spectrum of secondary metabolites that play critical roles in plant-environment interactions and against biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, many secondary metabolites have pharmaceu- tical ef...Plants produce a wide spectrum of secondary metabolites that play critical roles in plant-environment interactions and against biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, many secondary metabolites have pharmaceu- tical efficacy for a wide range of diseases （cancer, malaria, etc.）. Controlled transcription of biosynthetic genes is one of the major mechanisms regulating sec- ondary metabolism in plants. Several transcription factor families such as MYC, MYB, WRKY and AP2/ERF have been found to be involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism in different medicinal plants. In addition, the biosynthesis and proper accumulation of secondary metabolites are also induced by signaling molecule jasmonic acid （JA）. This review provides an insight into JA signaling pathway and JA-mediated transcriptional regu- lation of secondary metabolism （vinblastine, nicotine, artemisinin, taxol and ginsenoside） in a range of medicinal plant species.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China (No 30472155)Beijing Natural Science Foundation (No 5062035)~~
文摘[ Objective ] The aim of this study is to clone and analyze the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Method ] Degenerate primers were designed according to the conserved regions of actin sequences of Rehmannia glutinosa and its similar species, RT-PCR was next conducted to amplify the actin gene from Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Result] The amplified fragment is 724 bp and correspondingly 240 amino acids. The BLAST results indicate that the homology between the amplified fragment and other higher plants for aetin gene sequences and amino acid are more than 80% and 90%, respectively, suggesting that the amplified fragment is the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa. [ Conclusion] Phylogenetic analysis shows that the actin gene of Rehmannia glutinosa has an intimate genetic relationship with actin7 gene of Nicotiana tabacum.
文摘Comparative genetic studies have shown that there are widespread synteny and colinearity of the genes among different species within grass family. Rice ( Oryza sativa L.) is a model plant, and analysis of its genome allows us to reveal the common features and the evolutionary rules of the gramineous genomes and accumulate the data for establishment of a common genetic system in the Poaceae. In this study, a rice gene Pib ( 10.3 kb), a map-based cloned gene, and RFLP markers linked with it are used as the tested probes to investigate their homology and physical location among the tested species. Southern blotting analysis showed that there were sequences homologous to Pib in maize genome. Further, Pib was localized onto the chromosomes of O. sativa ssp. indica cv. Guangluai 4, O. officinalis Wall ex Watt and the inbred line of Zea mays cv. Huangzao 4. The results of fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and double-color FISH indicated that a synteny of Pib and RFLP markers linked with Pib existed among the genomes of the three tested species.
文摘Focusing on the global food security and analyzing the challenges now confronting human being of global climate change,sustainable development of agriculture,energy and environment,plant scientists should take the social responsibility and play the role in solving the global problems like food security from the developmental status and potential of plant science and technology. Moreover,by working with agronomists, ecologists and environmental experts,plant scientists do provide novel ideas and technologies for developing low carbon agriculture,for breeding new crop varieties with high yield and quality and stress resistance,for developing new type of energy plants,for supplying healthy foods and drugs,reasonably using land and water resources,and for ameliorating environment,making better contribution to the sustainable development of the globe and human being ourselves.
基金supported in part by US Army BreastCancer Research Program Idea Award No. DAMD17-01-1-0389.
文摘Although the antiestrogen agent tamoxifen has long been used to treat women with hormone receptor positive inva-sive breast carcinoma, the mechanisms of its action and acquired resistance to tamoxifen during treatment are largelyunknown. A number of studies have revealed that over-activation of some signaling pathways can cause tamoxifenresistance; however, very little information is available regarding the genes whose loss-of-function alternation contrib-ute to tamoxifen resistance. Here we used a forward genetic approach in vitro to generate tamoxifen resistant cells fromthe tamoxifen sensitive breast cancer cell line ZR-75-1, and further identified the disrupted gene in different tamoxifenresistant clones. Retinol binding protein 7, DNA polymerase-transactivated protein 3, γ-glutamyltransferase-like activity 1,slit-robo RhoGTPase-activating protein, tetraspan NET-4, HSPC194, amiloride-sensitive epithelial sodium channel gene,and Notch2, were the eight mutated genes identified in different tamoxifen resistant clones, suggesting their requirementfor tamoxifen sensitivity in ZR-75-1 cells. Since the functions of these genes are not related to each other, it suggeststhat multiple pathways can influence tamoxifen sensitivity in breast cancer cells.
基金Supported by a grant from the NationaI-Naturl Science Foundation of China （No. 30471678）.
文摘Objective： To explore the feasibility of transfecting cytidine deaminase （CD） gene into mouse bone marrow cells in order to observe the drug resistance of high dose Ara-C and improve the tolerance of myelosuppression following combination chemotherapy. Methods： Human cytidine deaminase gene was transfected into mice bone marrow cells by retroviral vector. Resistant colony-forming unit granulocyte-macrophage （CFU-GM） assay was performed after the transfected mice bone marrow cells treated by the Ara-C. DNA was extracted from mice bone marrow cells. The drug resistant gene in mice bone marrow cells after transfection was detected by PCR. Results： Bone marrow cells of the donor mice cultured with the retroviral producer cells showed the drug resistant colonies and resistance to Ara-C, so did accept mice transplanted with the CD gene （CFU-GM of donor mice was 52%, χ^2 = 124.62, P 〈 0.01; accept mice was 54%, χ^2 = 126.26, P 〈 0.01, both compared with the contrast group）. The animal survival rate was significantly higher in gene transfected group than that of the control （χ^2= 7.42, P 〈 0.01）. CD gene of transfected bone marrow cells was confirmed by PCR. Conclusion： CD gene can be transfected into bone marrow cells of mice efficiently and increase the drug resistance to Ara-C.
文摘In this article, we introduce the system of high throughput screening (HTS). Its role in new drug study and current development is described. The relationship between research achievements of genome study and new type screening model of new drugs is emphasized. The personal opinions of current problems about HTS study in China are raised.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41977048)Natural Science Fund of Liaoning Province(Grant No.20180550190)the Scientific Research Funds Project of Liaoning Education Department(Grant No.JDL2019012)。
文摘The concept of“pharmacophylogeny”was proposed by Peigen Xiao in the 1980s based on long-term studies of Chinese researchers since ancient times and especially the 1950s.The complicated relationships and connectivity between kinship of medicinal plants,their chemical profiles and therapeutic utilities are consistent goals of pharmacophylogeny studies,which benefit innovative drug R&D.In the present work,we reviewed the origin and a brief history of research in this field,as well as the status quo and recent progress of pharmacophylogeny.The concept“pharmacophylogenomics”is put forward to represent the expanding utility of pharmacophylogeny in botanical drug R&D.Pharmacophylogeny and pharmacophylogenomics are the synthesis of multiple disciplines,such as chemotaxonomy,plant morphology,plant biochemistry/molecular biology and omics,etc.Medicinal plants within the same phylogenetic groups may have the same or similar therapeutic compounds/effects,thus forming the core of pharmacophylogeny,which is the scientific law summed up from practice and applied to practice after refining and sublimation.In the past,pharmacophylogeny plays a big role in looking for alternative resources of imported drugs in China.At present,it continues to play an active role in expanding medicinal plant resources,quality control/identification of herbal medicines,as well as predicting the chemical constituents or active ingredients of herbal medicine and the identification and determination of chemical constituents.In the ongoing future,it will play a bigger role in the search for new drugs,sorting out,summarizing,and improving herbal medicine experiences,thus boosting the sustainable conservation and utilization of traditional/natural medicinal resources.
基金supported by the International Development Research Center(106160-002)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71333013,71210004)National Key Program on Genetically Modified New Varieties(2011ZX08015-002A)
文摘The economic benefits of insect-resistant genetically modified(GM) crops have been well documented, but the impact of such crops and the consequent reduction in pesticide use on farmers' health remains largely unknown. Through the analysis of the data collected from the physical examination from farmers in China, we show that GM rice significantly reduces pesticide use and the resultant not only visible but also invisible adverse effects on farmers' neurological, hematological, and electrolyte system. Hence, the commercialization of GM rice is expected to improve the health of farmers in developing countries, where pesticide application is necessary to mitigate crop loss.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China （30470189, 81071821, 81250110086 and 81250110551）, the Fundamental Research for the Central University of China （721500011）, the Key Hunan Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China （13112016 and 07JJ5096）, the Science and Technology Program of Hunan Province of China （2014SK4050） and Changsha National High Tech Zone Innovation Leading Talent Program （2014-37）.
文摘Plants produce a wide spectrum of secondary metabolites that play critical roles in plant-environment interactions and against biotic and abiotic stresses. Moreover, many secondary metabolites have pharmaceu- tical efficacy for a wide range of diseases （cancer, malaria, etc.）. Controlled transcription of biosynthetic genes is one of the major mechanisms regulating sec- ondary metabolism in plants. Several transcription factor families such as MYC, MYB, WRKY and AP2/ERF have been found to be involved in the regulation of secondary metabolism in different medicinal plants. In addition, the biosynthesis and proper accumulation of secondary metabolites are also induced by signaling molecule jasmonic acid （JA）. This review provides an insight into JA signaling pathway and JA-mediated transcriptional regu- lation of secondary metabolism （vinblastine, nicotine, artemisinin, taxol and ginsenoside） in a range of medicinal plant species.
