“荷元素”在现代工艺美术中的运用

荷花,是中国最著名的传统花卉之一。虽然我国的传统装饰纹样众多,但荷花纹仍然不可替代。荷元素早在佛教传入中国之前便出现在器皿、铜镜、瓦当上。在春秋战国时期,荷元素就被用作纹样装饰。伴随着经济社会的发展,"荷元素"在现代工艺美术中得到了更加广泛的运用。

试论荷元素在现代陶瓷艺术创作中的运用

荷元素己成为中国现代花卉陶瓷艺术创作中的重要组成部分,现代陶瓷艺术创作中荷元素包含的寓意性、表述性、装饰性得到了新的发挥,把握生活的真实情感和对人生的感悟、传达现代城市中的朴实美以及人文关怀是当代艺术的发展趋势。

徽州传统建筑中“荷”元素装饰图像分析

“荷”是植物中起源最早植物之一被称为最好的植物“活化石”。从徽州传统民居三雕“荷”元素图像研究,分析“荷”元素在传统建筑装饰类型文化所指;探讨“荷”元素建造装饰位序与图像空间逻辑;对“荷”元素在徽州民居装饰材料运用、构图特征、雕刻技法分析归纳,揭示其多重象征寓意与民俗文化特殊内涵。

The Impact of Flexible Element Inside of Intake Canal on Kinematics of Load in Combustion Chamber

The results of analysis of technical possibilities to increase engine efficiency were presented in this article. This problem was connected with kinematics properties of air inflow to the combustion chamber. The possibilities of intake airflow modulation have a positive impact on combustion process, level of engine usable parameters and emission. This issue was presented on the results of experimental research. Results of baseline research gave information about the flow resistance. On the basis of results of experimental research, conclusions were formulated.

Slope analysis based on local strength reduction method and variable-modulus elasto-plastic model

Employing an ideal elasto-plastic model,the typically used strength reduction method reduced the strength of all soil elements of a slope.Therefore,this method was called the global strength reduction method(GSRM).However,the deformation field obtained by GSRM could not reflect the real deformation of a slope when the slope became unstable.For most slopes,failure occurs once the strength of some regional soil is sufficiently weakened; thus,the local strength reduction method(LSRM)was proposed to analyze slope stability.In contrast with GSRM,LSRM only reduces the strength of local soil,while the strength of other soil remains unchanged.Therefore,deformation by LSRM is more reasonable than that by GSRM.In addition,the accuracy of the slope's deformation depends on the constitutive model to a large degree,and the variable-modulus elasto-plastic model was thus adopted.This constitutive model was an improvement of the Duncan–Chang model,which modified soil's deformation modulus according to stress level,and it thus better reflected the plastic feature of soil.Most importantly,the parameters of the variable-modulus elasto-plastic model could be determined through in-situ tests,and parameters determination by plate loading test and pressuremeter test were introduced.Therefore,it is easy to put this model into practice.Finally,LSRM and the variable-modulus elasto-plastic model were used to analyze Egongdai ancient landslide.Safety factor,deformation field,and optimal reinforcement measures for Egongdai ancient landslide were obtained based on the proposed method.

Simplified Damage Assessment of Slab Against External Blast Load

Recently, the mode approximation method(MAM) has been adopted to analyze beam elements against blast load. However, in real cases, the main structural element of an underground structure is slab and side wall since they not only support the structure itself but also may sustain external loads from blast, earthquake, and other kinds of impact. In the present study, the MAM is extended from beam to plate elements and the soil-structure interaction is considered and simplified when calculating structural response under blast load. Pressure-impulse diagrams are generated accordingly for further quick damage assessment.

On composite foundation with different vertical reinforcing elements under vertical loading:a physical model testing study

Aphysical model facility was designed, built, and setup for conducting model tests on a composite foundation in a soil ground. The model tests were carried out on a composite foundation with different combinations of vertical reinforcement elements in the same soil ground. Via the analysis of the collected data the characteristics of the composite foundation with different reinforcing elements were obtained, including the characteristics of load-settlement curves, column stresses, stresses of the intercolumn soil, pile-soil stress ratio, and load-sharing ratios of columns and soil. Results from the model tests reveal the mechanism of a composite foundation with different reinforcing elements quantitatively. It is concluded that both a composite foundation with a combination of steel pipe pile and sand column and that with a combination of concrete pile and lime column have a higher bearing capacity than the composite foundation with only sand columns with the same conditions of soil ground and loading. A composite foundation with lime column and sand column embodies no much better performance than that with sand colunms only.