2016年亚萨合菜集团销售总额同比增长5％

日前，全球开门解决方案领先者亚萨合莱（ASSAABLOY）集团宣布2016年全年销售额约713亿瑞典克朗（约合544亿人民币），相比去年增长5％，为全年划上完满句号。

土家的合渣菜

土家人喜食合渣,在生活中也留下了许多与合渣相关的口头禅。比如他们平常喜欢用＂心里就像喝了合渣稀饭一样＂来形容自己的心情舒畅。

砂锅菜肴味更鲜

砂锅是家庭中广泛应用的一种炊具。在饮食行业中,凡用砂锅烹制的各种菜肴都称为砂锅菜。砂锅是一种多汤慢火的烹调方法,一般原料下锅后先用大火烧开,然后再用小火使其微开慢炖而成。其所制菜肴软、烂、酥,到口即化;菜肴汤菜合一、汤味浓厚、鲜美可口。砂锅是陶制,保温性好,多用于秋、冬之季,如"砂锅鱼头豆腐"、"砂锅狮子头"、"砂锅炖牛肉"等。

Impact of Fertilizer Types on Photosynthetic and Biological Effects of Direct-seeded Brassica napus at Flowering Stage

[Objective] The aim was to investigate the effects of fertilizer type on di- rect-seeded rapeseed and to explore effective fertilizing. [Method] Four treatments including different types of fertilizers were set in the test. Growth, photosynthesis and chlorophyll fluorescence parameters at flowering stage such as plant height, stem diameter, shoot and root dry matter, net photosynthesis, light energy conversion effi- ciency （Fv/Fm） and SPAD value, were investigated. The effects of fertilizer treat-ments on the yield of rapeseed were evaluated as well. [Result] Both multi-functional fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer could improve plant height, stem diameter, shoot dry matter, SPAD value, net photosynthesis, non-photochemical quenching （NPQ）, etc., which helped increase yield and stress resistance. [Conclusion] Both multi-functional fertilizer and controlled release fertilizer could improve yield significantly while multi-functional fertilizer （MFF） was better than controlled release fertilizer （CRF）.

Effects of ABA on Photosynthetic Characteristics of Pods and Yield of Brassica napus

[Objective] The aim was to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of ABA on photosynthetic characteristics of pods and yield of Brassica napus and analyze the relationships between ABA concentration and yield components, to provide theoretical basis for cultivation of high-yield rapeseed. [Method] At the end of flowering stage, the rape plants were separately sprayed with 1, 2, 100 and 200μmol/L of ABA; photosynthetic parameters, water use efficiency （WUE）, yield and yield components of the rape plants were investigated 0, 5, 10 and 15 d later, respectively. [Result] ABA treatment with different concentrations significantly changed pod photosynthetic parameters and yield components of rapeseed. Low concentra- tions of ABA could improve pod＇s net photosynthetic rate and yield components while high concentrations had the contrary effect. [Conclusion] Whether ABA func- tioned in inhibiting or promoting role might depend on the interaction between endogenous hormone levels and exogenous ABA concentration. Improvement of WUE would be the main reason for yield increasing.

Effects of Spraying KCl Solution on Photosynthate and Grain Yield and Quality of Oilseed Rape(Brassica napus L.)

[Objective] In order to seek the way of high quality and high yield of oilseed rape.[Method] Soil culture experiment was used in this research.1% （mass fraction） KCl solution was sprayed to the stems and leaves of oilseed rape in full blooming stage while 1.17% （mass fraction） K2SO4 solution and clear water were used for comparison,sampling in initial silique stage and harvest stage were conducted to detect photosynthate,soluble sugar and free amino acids content.[Result] The results showed that compared with spraying clear water,spraying KCl solution increased the contents of chlorophyll a in functional leaves,the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar in leaves,stems and silique,and the total amounts of them all in initial silique stage but decreased the contents of free amino acids and soluble sugar in leaves and stems,and the total amounts of them all in harvesting stage,increased the average grain yield 10.20%,increased the average contents of oil,oleinic acid and linoleic acid in rapeseed 4.40%,10.60% and 11.40% respectively,decreased the content of protein,erucic acid and glucosinolate in rapeseed 5.10%,9.70% and 3.70% respectively.No significant difference between spraying K2SO4 solution and spraying clear water,significant difference between them all and spraying KCl solution.[Conclusion] The experimental results provided theoretical basis for increasing oilseed rape yield and quality researches.

自然数若干性质的证明

本文在文[1]给出的自然数的定义、自然数的加法定义、顺序定义及加法满足交换律、结合律和消去律的基础上,对自然数序数理论中所定义的顺序满足反自反性、传递性,及自然数列具有离散性、良序性的结论作出了证明。

Novel Halophyte EREBP/AP2-type DNA Binding Protein Improves Salt Tolerance in Transgenic Tobacco

EREBP/AP2-type proteins are members of a large DNA binding protein (DBP) family found in plants. Some members like APETALA2 and AtDREB/CBF can regulate flower development and response to environmental stresses, respectively. To characterize transcription factors involved in plant responses to salt stress, we constructed cDNA library from salt-treated halophyte (Atriplex hortensis) and isolated a novel gene encoding EREBP/AP2-type protein from this library. This cDNA contained an ORF of 723 bp and a long 3'-Untranslated-Region (UTR) of 655 bp. The deduced amino acid sequence showed one conserved DNA binding domain of EREBP/AP2, thus the corresponding gene was named AhDREB1 with a calculated molecular mass of 26.1 kD. AhDREB1 under the control of CaMV 35S promoter was then transformed into tobacco and nine independent transgenic lines were obtained and subjected to long term salt stress. The results suggested that overexpression of AhDREB1 improved the salt tolerance in transgenic tobacco through functioning as a regulatory molecule in response to salt stress. Analysis of Arabidopsis genome in database resulted in dozens of EREBP/AP2-type homologous proteins, of which seven members showed high similarity to AhDREB1. Secondary structure analysis predicted similar arrangement of a-helix in their DNA binding domains.

Correlation Analysis Between Yield Components and Yield Per Plant of Double-low Hybrid Rapeseed

[Objective] The experiment aimed to study the relation between yield components and yield per plant of double-low hybrid rapeseed and provide reference for breaking yield limitation of rapeseed and culturing new double-low hybrid rapeseed variety. [Method]The yield components and yield per plant of two cross combination of double-low hybrid rapeseed (B02, D04) and Shuza 6 were correlatively analyzed and compared, besides, the path analysis was also carried on to them. [Result] Among B02, D04 and Shuza No.6, effective pod number per plant and seeds per silique, seeds per pod and 1 000-grain weight were all negative correlation. In high yield hybrid, pod number per plant, seeds per pod had more impaction on yield per plant than 1 000-grain weight and the difference was at 0.01 significant level. In the control variety Shuza No.6, the impactions of pod number per plant and seeds per pod on yield per plant were bigger than that of 1 000-grain weight on yield per plant, however, the difference was not significant. [Conclusion] The improvement of effective pod number per plant was an important aim of breeding work of double low rapeseed breeding in Sichuan ecological region.

Integrated Assessment of Trapping Efficiency of Colored Sticky Cards and Sex Pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella

[Objective] To evaluate the control effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on Plutella xylostella and Liriomyza spp.,which can provide reference for large area extension of the technique.[Method] The integrated assessment of trapping efficiency of colored sticky cards and sex pheromone on Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella was conducted by field surveys and structured interview in Tonghai County,Yunnan Province,China.[Result] The results showed that yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone have strong power of trapping Liriomyza spp.and Plutella xylostella（3 414±720 and（219±157） head/piece,respectively）;the control cost by the usage of pesticide is the highest,（10 099.5±2 752.5） yuan/hm^2,yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone takes the second place,（1 125.0±465.0） yuan/hm^2,the control cost by the usage of yellow sticky cards is the lowest,（450.0 ±186.0）yuan/hm^2.Without the usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs are（15.0±2.7） times and（12 070.5±2 136.0） yuan/hm^2;combined with usage of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone,pesticide application times and costs reduce by 5.7 times and 4 618.5 yuan/hm^2.The ratio of trapped beneficial insects and target pests was 1 ∶1 131,which showed that the negative effect of yellow sticky cards and sex pheromone on the non-target insects was very limited.[Conclusion] The trapping approach has become popular among all the local farmers.Looking at the above factors,the trapping technology has strong application prospect and promotion value in pest control field.

A New Lignan from Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus (Labiatae)

A new lignan, together with a known one, was isolated from Isodon lophanthoides var. gerardianus [Bentham] H. Hara. The structure of the new lignan was elucidated as 1_acetoxyl_2e_piperonyl_6e_[6_methoxyl_piperonyl]_3,7_dioxabicyclo_[3,3,0]_octane mainly by 1D and 2D NMR techniques.

Ultrafast Spectral Studies of the Primary Processes of Photosynthesis in Spinach and Water Hyacinth Leaves

The authors have studied the spectroscopic characteristics and the fluorescence lifetime for the chloroplasts from spinach (Spinacia oleracea L.) and water hyacinth (Eichhornia crassipes (Mart) Solms.) plant leaves by absorption spectra, low temperature steady_state fluorescence spectroscopy and single photon counting measurement under the same conditions. The absorption spectra at room temperature for the spinach and water hyacinth chloroplasts are similar, which show that different plants can efficiently absorb light of same wavelength. The low temperature steady_state fluorescence spectroscopy for the water hyacinth chloroplast reveals a poor balance of photon quantum between two photosystems. The fluorescence decays in PSⅡ measured at the natural Q A state for the chloroplasts have been fitted by a three_exponential kinetic model. The slow lifetime fluorescence component is assigned to a collection of associated light harvesting Chl a/b proteins, the fast lifetime component to the reaction center of PSⅡ and the middle lifetime component to the delay fluorescence of recombination of P + 680 and Pheo -. The excited energy conversion efficiency (η) in PSⅡ RC is 87% and 91% respectively for the water hyacinth and spinach chloroplasts calculated on the 20 ps model. This interesting result is not consistent with what is assumed that the efficiency is 100% in PSⅡ RC. The results in this paper also present a support for the 20 ps electron transfer time constant in PSⅡ RC. On the viewpoint of excitation energy conversion efficiency, the growing rate for the water hyacinth plan is smaller than that for the spinach plant. But, authors' results show those plants can perform highly efficient transfer of photo_excitation energy from the light_harvesting pigment system to the reaction center (approximately 100%).

杂感三则

一、选票的警示 电影曾经是最普及的 娱乐宣传工具,《大众电 影》百花奖也曾经是拥有 众多观众参与的权威大 奖。可第十六届《大众电 影》百花奖的评选却使人 们对电影的命运颇感忧虑 和对百花奖的权威性产生 怀疑。

Purification and Spectral Characteristics of Cytochrome b-559 from Oxygen-evolving Photosystem Ⅱ Core Complexes of Spinach and Rice

Cytochrome b_559 in photosystem Ⅱ reaction center was purified from spinach ( Spinacia oleracea L.) and rice ( Oryza sativa L.) by a rapid and simple procedure. Their low temperature fluorescence emission and excitation spectra, ultraviolet fluorescence spectra and absolute absorption spectra were presented. The author's purification methods, which enhanced the yield of pure protein and shorted the time for isolation, have several advantages: 1. use of oxygen_evolving PSⅡ core complexes as the starting material in order to avoid disturbing from other cytochromes; 2. isocratic elution of cytochrome b_559 from a DEAE_Sephacel column for eliminating the impurity and yielding the protein in pure state; 3. a simple column procedure for removal of excess Triton X_100. Purified cytochromes b_559 from these species have similar optical spectra and mobility during gel electrophoresis under native conditions. From the results of novel electrophoresis (Tricine_SDS_PAGE), cytochrome b_559 from both spinach and rice reveal two polypeptide bands (apparent molecular weight 9 kD and 4 kD, respectively). By measuring of 77 K fluorescence spectra, it was shown that for the purified cytochrome b_559 there were two excitation peaks at 439 nm and 413 nm, and two emission peaks at 563 nm and 668 nm. This is the first indication that Cyt b_559 is able to emit fluorescence and also transfer excited electrons to chlorophyll. By the use of ultraviolet fluorescence spectra, it was demonstrated for the first time that the location of Trp residue could be in the hydrophobic transmembrane region of cytochrome b_559.

Analysis on Combining Ability and Heritability of the Main Agronomic Characters for JA CMS in Brassica napus L.

Fifteen combinations crossed by five JA cytoplasmic male sterile lines （A1, A2, A3, A4, A5） and three restoring lines （R1, R2, R3） were selected to analyze the combining ability and heritability of nine main agronomic characters of Brassica na-pus L. to definite the application potential of these parent materials. The result showed that （i） the general combining ability （GCA） of male parents was R3＆gt;R2＆gt;R1 and that of female parents was A4＆gt;A1＆gt;A2＆gt;A5＆gt;A3; （i ） the special combining ability （SCA） of A2＆#215;R3 in plant height, number of branches, number of pods per plant and yield per plant was the best. The yield per plant of A2＆#215;R3, A1＆#215;R1 and A2＆#215;R1 ranked the first three places in the 15 combinations; （i i） the broad heritability of yield per plant was the highest, and that of the height of branches was the lowest. The com-prehensive characters of R3, A2 and A4 were better, which could be used to create new materials; （iv） good offspring were more likely to be chosen from the combina-tion with higher parental GCA, so the GCA and SCA should be considered com-prehensively when choosing parent and determining the optimal combinations.

弘一法师 二十一天辟谷日记

第一天民国五年,丙辰十一月二十九日。不会任何亲友,不拆任何函件,不问任何事务。断食中尽量谢绝一切谈话。整天定课是练字,作印、静坐三个段落。食量:早餐一碗粥,中餐一碗半饭,一碗菜;晚餐,一碗饭及小菜,这是平日三分之二的食量。晚间,准备笔、墨、纸,明天开始习字。

谁能替代华为?

＂高三快高考时,有时在家复习功课,实在饿得受不了了,用米糠和菜合一下,烙着吃,被爸爸碰上几次,他心疼了。其实那时我家穷得连一个上锁的柜子都没有,粮食是用瓦缸装着,我也不敢去随便抓一把,否则也有一、两个弟妹活不到今天。＂后来,他自己说,＂我的不自私是父母身上学到的,华为今天这么成功,与我不自私有一点关系。＂无私易无欲,没有欲望的人能够被替代吗？

草头圈子

草头圈子是上海的一道名菜。全国唯有上海特有,而上海又以南市豫园风景点、老城隍庙旁边＂老饭店＂烹制的为最佳。草头圈子是由生煸草头和红烧圈子两道菜合一而成,成菜草头碧绿鲜嫩清香,富有营养。在草头面上中央排放着一堆红烧肥肠,色泽酱红油亮,肠肉酥烂,咸鲜带甜,肥而不腻。

ent-Kaurene Diterpenoids from Isodon adenanthus

Three new ent-kaurene diterpenoids, adenanthins N, 0 and P (1-3), and four known diterpenoids, leucophyllin E (4), glabcensin C (5), adenanthin A (6), leucophyllin B (7), together with a highly unsaturated fatty acid, 9,16-dioxo-10,1 2,14-octadeca-trienoic acid (8), were isolated from Isodon adenanthus (Diels) Kudo. The structure of compound 4 was revised accordingly. Compound I showed significant cytotoxic activity against K562 cells with IC50 = 0.45 mug/mL.

Ecological Adaptability of New Hybrid Rapeseed Varieties in Sichuan Hilly Areas

[Objective] The aim was to explore rapeseed varieties adapting to local conditions, with optimal yielding capacity and growth period. [Method] The research performed analysis on yield, yielding components, and interaction effects in different groups and test sites based on hybrid rapeseeds in Mianyang during 2012-2015.[Conclusion] Mianyou 33, Mianyou 88 and Mianyou 309 showed insignificant differences in yield. The analysis of variance suggested that yield of Mianyou 309 was the highest and the variety was suitable to be planted in high erucic acid rapeseed bases. Mianyou 88 and Mianyou 33 are double-low varieties, characterized by high and stable yielding. [Conclusion] The research provides references for rapeseed production in hilly areas in Sichuan Province.