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萃取助剂在润滑油糠醛精制中的应用研究 被引量:4
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作者 张伟伟 李林 唐晓东 《石化技术与应用》 CAS 2016年第2期121-124,共4页
以萃取剂LZ为助剂,将其与糠醛复配成糠醛复合剂,对某炼油厂减一线馏分油进行萃取精制,考察了工艺条件对精制效果的影响。结果表明,优选的精制条件如下:糠醛复合剂中萃取助剂LZ的体积分数为50%,萃取温度和相分离温度均为70℃,萃取时间为1... 以萃取剂LZ为助剂,将其与糠醛复配成糠醛复合剂,对某炼油厂减一线馏分油进行萃取精制,考察了工艺条件对精制效果的影响。结果表明,优选的精制条件如下:糠醛复合剂中萃取助剂LZ的体积分数为50%,萃取温度和相分离温度均为70℃,萃取时间为1.5 min,相分离时间为50 min,萃取剂与原料油的体积比为1.5,萃取级数为2;在此精制条件下,油品酸值可从3.84 mg/g降至0.73 mg/g,残炭值由0.039 0%降至0.006 8%,萃取后精制油的收率达82.8%(体积分数);同以糠醛作萃取剂相比,在精制油酸值相当的情况下,采用糠醛复合剂作萃取剂时,脱酸选择性提高了97.4%,精制油收率提高了13.4%。 展开更多
关键词 润滑油 精制 糠醛 萃取助剂 复合 酸值 精制油收率 脱酸选择性
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改善润滑油糠醛精制选择性的实验研究 被引量:3
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作者 邹雯炆 唐晓东 +2 位作者 曹约良 李冲 于哲 《炼油技术与工程》 CAS 2009年第8期20-24,共5页
针对目前糠醛精制工艺存在溶剂用量大、精制油收率与脱酸效率低等问题,在纯糠醛溶剂中加入萃取助剂A,以中海沥青公司常二线基础油为原料油,以精制油的收率和酸值为主要考察指标,进行了改善溶剂选择性的实验研究。结果表明,萃取助剂A在... 针对目前糠醛精制工艺存在溶剂用量大、精制油收率与脱酸效率低等问题,在纯糠醛溶剂中加入萃取助剂A,以中海沥青公司常二线基础油为原料油,以精制油的收率和酸值为主要考察指标,进行了改善溶剂选择性的实验研究。结果表明,萃取助剂A在溶剂中体积分数为50%时,复合溶剂具有较好的选择性。同时还考察了萃取温度、萃取时间、分相时间、剂油比和萃取级数对复合溶剂选择性的影响。在最优操作条件下,用复合溶剂较用纯糠醛溶剂相比,精制油收率提高9.3%,脱酸效率高(脱酸率达到97.89%),精制油的胶质含量、残炭值也明显低。 展开更多
关键词 润滑油 糠醛精制 萃取助剂 选择性
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Study on microwave-assisted extraction of coal 被引量:4
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作者 陈红 逯俊庆 +1 位作者 葛岭梅 李建伟 《Journal of Coal Science & Engineering(China)》 2007年第1期74-78,共5页
The effect of different factors on coal extraction yield-temperature, solvent, coal type and irradiation time were investigated for different China coals under microwave-assisted extraction(MAE). The results show th... The effect of different factors on coal extraction yield-temperature, solvent, coal type and irradiation time were investigated for different China coals under microwave-assisted extraction(MAE). The results show that the optimum temperature for ethanol, acetone and THF are 393,373 and 373 K respectively and the extraction yield of THF is higher than that of other two solvents under MAE. Extraction with several single organic solvents were conducted for the 5 typical China coals-Shenfu, Tongchuan, Panzhihua, Yitai and Huating coal under microwave-assisted extraction and Soxhlet extraction. Results indicat that extraction yield of ethylenediamine, ethanol, acetone, tetrahydrofuran under MAE are all higher than that of Soxhlet extraction and MAE required less time. Tongchuan coal extracts of ethanol and acetone which were extracted by MAE and Soxhlet extraction were analyzed by GC/MS. 展开更多
关键词 MAE COAL extraction yield GC/MS analysis
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Evaluating the performances of accelerated-solvent extraction, microwave-assisted extraction, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction for determining PCBs, HCHs and DDTs in sediments 被引量:1
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作者 张蓬 葛林科 +1 位作者 周传光 姚子伟 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第5期1103-1112,共10页
Three extraction techniques have been recently used for the quantitative extraction of semi-volatile organic pollutants in sediments, i.e. accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE) ... Three extraction techniques have been recently used for the quantitative extraction of semi-volatile organic pollutants in sediments, i.e. accelerated solvent extraction (ASE), microwave assisted extraction (MAE) and ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE). However, their extraction efficiencies have rarely been quantitatively compared using rigorous mathematical methods. In this paper, one-way analysis of variance (ANOVA) was employed to evaluate the performance of ASE, MAE and UAE in the overall extraction of PCBs, DDTs and HCHs by analysis of their recoveries from the Standard Reference Material IAEA-417, a sediment sample certified by many international laboratories. Conclusions were drawn at a significance level of P〈 0.05. No significant differences were found among the mean values for method recoveries using ASE, MAE and UAE. The mean values for real recoveries using ASE and MAE were nearly identical, but the real recovery using UAE was much lower. The concentrations of all PCBs, DDTs and HCHs except for CB52 and o,p'-DDT using UAE were the lowest. Comparing the results obtained using ASE with MAE, the concentrations of CB28, CB52, CB138, ct-HCH, [3-HCH, p,p'-DDE and p,p'-DDD were nearly identical, while the concentrations of other compounds were significantly different. Based on the low recoveries, it was concluded that UAE is a relatively inefficient extraction method, while ASE and MAE are equivalent methods. Taking into consideration the relative standard deviation (RSD) values, solvent volume, extraction time, and purchasing costs of the apparatus, MAE was considered superior to ASE for extraction of PCBs, DDTs and HCHs. 展开更多
关键词 extraction technique sediment PCB HCH DDT
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Assessment of Triazine Herbicides in Soil by Microwave-assisted Extraction Followed by Gas Chromatography Coupled to Mass Spectrometry Detection 被引量:1
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作者 Darlan Ferreira Silva Maria Diva Landgraf Maria Olimpia Oliveira Rezende 《Journal of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering》 2017年第1期1-8,共8页
An alternative and fast method for the analysis of a mixture of nine triazines herbicides in soil is presented. The method is based on MAE (microwave-assisted extraction) of herbicides using ethyl acetate as extract... An alternative and fast method for the analysis of a mixture of nine triazines herbicides in soil is presented. The method is based on MAE (microwave-assisted extraction) of herbicides using ethyl acetate as extractant. The economy in the use of solvents coupled with the decrease in extraction time and lower power consumption make MAE a technique that meets the principles of green chemistry. MAE operational parameters, extraction time, mass of the sample and extraction temperature, were optimized by RSM (response surface methodology). Determination of analytes was completed using gas chromatograph coupled to mass spectrometry detection. The selected triazines could be efficiently extracted by the solvent at 80 ℃ for 10 min, with 80% output of maximum power. When the optimized method was applied to analysis samples, the recoveries of analytes ranged from 81.8 to 106.0% and relative standard deviations were lower than 8.41%. The method is stable and reasonable, which can be used for the determination of ninetriazine herbicides residues in soil. 展开更多
关键词 Factorial design response surface methodology microwave-assisted extraction HERBICIDES triazines.
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Analysis of volatile components in saffron from Tibet and Henan by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction and GC-MS 被引量:1
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作者 贾凌晗 刘一 李玉珍 《Journal of Chinese Pharmaceutical Sciences》 CAS 2011年第4期404-409,共6页
To determine the chemical constituents of volatile components in saffron from the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Henan Province of China and to compare the chemical composition difference in the saffron,the total vol... To determine the chemical constituents of volatile components in saffron from the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Henan Province of China and to compare the chemical composition difference in the saffron,the total volatile components were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction(USE),using five different solvents:diethyl ether,ethanol,ethyl acetate, dichloromethane and acetone,analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry(GC-MS)and compared to the standard MS data,and their relative contents were calculated by area normalization.The results showed both that USE was an efficient and rapid method for the extraction of the volatile components from saffron and that the components extracted from the same sample using different solvents were different.Comparison of the experimental results of saffron from the Tibet Autonomous Region and the Henan Province of China showed that their volatile components were different in their chemical composition and in their relative percentages.USE/GC-MS is a simple,rapid,and effective method for the analysis of volatile oil components in saffron. 展开更多
关键词 SAFFRON Volatile components Ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction GC-MS
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