目的:探讨基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用价值。方法:按照不同干预方法将笔者所在医院98例GDM患者(2016年9月-2018年7月)分为观察组与对照组,每组49例。两组均给予积极降糖治疗,对照...目的:探讨基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用价值。方法:按照不同干预方法将笔者所在医院98例GDM患者(2016年9月-2018年7月)分为观察组与对照组,每组49例。两组均给予积极降糖治疗,对照组给予常规饮食及运动指导,观察组实施基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动,均干预至分娩。对比两组干预前及干预3周后血糖[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]变化、分娩方式、母婴并发症发生率。结果:干预3周后,两组FPG、2 h PG水平均较干预前下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组自然分娩率为53.06%(26/49),高于对照组的32.65%(16/49),且羊水过多为8.16%(4/49),早产为6.12%(3/49)及巨大儿发生率为10.20%(5/49),均低于对照组的24.49%(12/49)、20.41%(10/49)、26.53%(13/49),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动,有利于改善GDM患者血糖水平,促进自然分娩,且有利于降低母婴并发症发生风险。展开更多
Sediment-water fluxes of N and P species in the Bohai Sea were investigated in Septem-ber-October 1998 and April-May 1999. The benthic fluxes of nutrient species were determined by incubating sediment core samples wit...Sediment-water fluxes of N and P species in the Bohai Sea were investigated in Septem-ber-October 1998 and April-May 1999. The benthic fluxes of nutrient species were determined by incubating sediment core samples with bottom seawater bubbled with air or nitrogen. -2NO,+4NH, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP), and -34PO showed a net exchange flux from seawater to sediment, while -3NO, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and -23SiO were released from sediment to seawater in the Bohai Sea. Sediment-water nutrient exchange increases DIN and reduces the phosphorus load in the Bohai Sea. The release of silicate from sediment to overlying seawater reduces potential silicate limitation of primary production resulted from decrease of riverine discharge. The exchange flux of nutrients showed no obvious seasonal variation. The present study showed that the concentrations and composition of nutrients in the water column were affected by suspended sediment, and that not all the exchangeable phosphate in sediment could be released via sediment resuspension.展开更多
A large amount of palm oil mill effluent is one of the issues faced by palm oil producers in Indonesia. To alleviate the environmental pollution, it is necessary to reduce the problem by using it as a liquid organic f...A large amount of palm oil mill effluent is one of the issues faced by palm oil producers in Indonesia. To alleviate the environmental pollution, it is necessary to reduce the problem by using it as a liquid organic fertilizer. A pot experiment to determine the effects of mill effluent on growth of palm oil seedlings （Elaeis guineensis Jacq.）, availability and uptake of macronutrients was conducted in Tandun Plantation Unit, province of Riau, Indonesia. The experiment used a randomized block design, consisting nine combinations of mill effluent doses （3.2, 6.4 and 9.6 L） and recommended fertilizer doses （100%, 75%, 50% NPKMg） in 20 kg soil and one control. The experiment was replicated three times. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter and number of fronds of palm oil seedlings at 26 weeks after planting （WAP） were significantly affected by application of 9.6 L mill effluent with 50%-75% NPKMg, The enhancement of soil organic C （Co,g） content, soil pH and cation exchange capacity due to the application of 9.6 L mill effluent combined with 50% NPKMg caused the availability of soil P and total N （Ntot） increased significantly, while exchangeable K was affected by application of 6.4 L mill effluent combined with 100% NPKMg. All treatments did not affect soil exchangeable Mg. A positive correlation between availability of soil N, P, K and its uptake by palm oil seedlings at 26 WAP were indicated by r = 0.61, 0.63 and 0.57, respectively.展开更多
Areas of planting sugarcane are located in subtropical and tropical parts of Guangxi. These areas are characterized by high temperature, heavy rainfall and nutrients leaching. It results in strong decomposition of soi...Areas of planting sugarcane are located in subtropical and tropical parts of Guangxi. These areas are characterized by high temperature, heavy rainfall and nutrients leaching. It results in strong decomposition of soil mineral and a low cation exchange capacity （CEC）, low organic matter, and low phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） and sulfur （S） in soils. In about 30% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions the total sulfur and the plant-available sulfur are under 150 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, respectively. The sulfur nutrition is usually supplied insufficiently for sugarcane growth. The total sulfur of and available sulfur are under the medium level in nearly 50% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions. Therefore, with the improvement of production of the sugarcane, the sulfur soil nutrition will influence and limit sugarcane yield. After application of sulfur fertilizer, available stem, single stem weight increased 5.77%-9.43% of sugarcane yield than without the treatment. It still can improve the cane sugar and fibre content. And the sugarcane can obtain better economic benefits to use the sulfur phosphorus ammonium; it is 18.2-20.23 with output/input （VCR） to use the sulfur fertilizer. Amount of sugarcane absorption sulfur reaches 44.1-67 kg/ha. The treatment with no sulfur fertilizer annual sulfur nutrient lose will be 23.67 kg/ha because sugarcane yield uptake from the field.展开更多
文摘目的:探讨基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动在妊娠期糖尿病(GDM)患者中的应用价值。方法:按照不同干预方法将笔者所在医院98例GDM患者(2016年9月-2018年7月)分为观察组与对照组,每组49例。两组均给予积极降糖治疗,对照组给予常规饮食及运动指导,观察组实施基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动,均干预至分娩。对比两组干预前及干预3周后血糖[空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2 h血糖(2 h PG)]变化、分娩方式、母婴并发症发生率。结果:干预3周后,两组FPG、2 h PG水平均较干预前下降,且观察组低于对照组,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05);观察组自然分娩率为53.06%(26/49),高于对照组的32.65%(16/49),且羊水过多为8.16%(4/49),早产为6.12%(3/49)及巨大儿发生率为10.20%(5/49),均低于对照组的24.49%(12/49)、20.41%(10/49)、26.53%(13/49),差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论:基于食物交换份法的营养干预联合中等强度有氧运动,有利于改善GDM患者血糖水平,促进自然分娩,且有利于降低母婴并发症发生风险。
基金This study was funded by NSFC (Nos. 40036010 and 40206017) and the Special Funds from National Key Basic Research Program of P. R. China (No. 2001CB409703).
文摘Sediment-water fluxes of N and P species in the Bohai Sea were investigated in Septem-ber-October 1998 and April-May 1999. The benthic fluxes of nutrient species were determined by incubating sediment core samples with bottom seawater bubbled with air or nitrogen. -2NO,+4NH, dissolved organic nitrogen (DON) and phosphorus (DOP), total dissolved nitrogen (TDN) and phosphorus (TDP), and -34PO showed a net exchange flux from seawater to sediment, while -3NO, dissolved inorganic nitrogen (DIN) and -23SiO were released from sediment to seawater in the Bohai Sea. Sediment-water nutrient exchange increases DIN and reduces the phosphorus load in the Bohai Sea. The release of silicate from sediment to overlying seawater reduces potential silicate limitation of primary production resulted from decrease of riverine discharge. The exchange flux of nutrients showed no obvious seasonal variation. The present study showed that the concentrations and composition of nutrients in the water column were affected by suspended sediment, and that not all the exchangeable phosphate in sediment could be released via sediment resuspension.
文摘A large amount of palm oil mill effluent is one of the issues faced by palm oil producers in Indonesia. To alleviate the environmental pollution, it is necessary to reduce the problem by using it as a liquid organic fertilizer. A pot experiment to determine the effects of mill effluent on growth of palm oil seedlings （Elaeis guineensis Jacq.）, availability and uptake of macronutrients was conducted in Tandun Plantation Unit, province of Riau, Indonesia. The experiment used a randomized block design, consisting nine combinations of mill effluent doses （3.2, 6.4 and 9.6 L） and recommended fertilizer doses （100%, 75%, 50% NPKMg） in 20 kg soil and one control. The experiment was replicated three times. The results showed that plant height, stem diameter and number of fronds of palm oil seedlings at 26 weeks after planting （WAP） were significantly affected by application of 9.6 L mill effluent with 50%-75% NPKMg, The enhancement of soil organic C （Co,g） content, soil pH and cation exchange capacity due to the application of 9.6 L mill effluent combined with 50% NPKMg caused the availability of soil P and total N （Ntot） increased significantly, while exchangeable K was affected by application of 6.4 L mill effluent combined with 100% NPKMg. All treatments did not affect soil exchangeable Mg. A positive correlation between availability of soil N, P, K and its uptake by palm oil seedlings at 26 WAP were indicated by r = 0.61, 0.63 and 0.57, respectively.
文摘Areas of planting sugarcane are located in subtropical and tropical parts of Guangxi. These areas are characterized by high temperature, heavy rainfall and nutrients leaching. It results in strong decomposition of soil mineral and a low cation exchange capacity （CEC）, low organic matter, and low phosphorus （P）, potassium （K） and sulfur （S） in soils. In about 30% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions the total sulfur and the plant-available sulfur are under 150 mg/kg and 12 mg/kg, respectively. The sulfur nutrition is usually supplied insufficiently for sugarcane growth. The total sulfur of and available sulfur are under the medium level in nearly 50% of the soils in the planting sugarcane regions. Therefore, with the improvement of production of the sugarcane, the sulfur soil nutrition will influence and limit sugarcane yield. After application of sulfur fertilizer, available stem, single stem weight increased 5.77%-9.43% of sugarcane yield than without the treatment. It still can improve the cane sugar and fibre content. And the sugarcane can obtain better economic benefits to use the sulfur phosphorus ammonium; it is 18.2-20.23 with output/input （VCR） to use the sulfur fertilizer. Amount of sugarcane absorption sulfur reaches 44.1-67 kg/ha. The treatment with no sulfur fertilizer annual sulfur nutrient lose will be 23.67 kg/ha because sugarcane yield uptake from the field.
