对慢性肺源性心脏病患者实施营养治疗方法的疗效观察

目的对慢性肺源性心脏病患者实施营养治疗方法的临床疗效进行观察。方法选取32例慢性肺源性心脏病患者,将其随机分成两组,每组16例,其中一组采用常规治疗方法,作为对照组;另一组在常规治疗的基础上采用营养治疗方法,作为观察组。对两组患者治疗前后的PaO2、PaCO2、pH状况、血清前蛋白、血清转铁蛋白和血清清蛋白进行对比分析。结果经过对比,观察组患者治疗后PaO2、PaCO2、pH状况、血清前蛋白、血清转铁蛋白和血清清蛋白含量均优于对照组,两组比较差异具有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在慢性肺源性心脏病患者治疗中,采用营养治疗方法,可以有效提高治疗效果。

不同营养治疗方法对妊娠期糖尿病患者的临床效果对比及护理分析

目的探究不同营养治疗方法对妊娠期糖尿病患者的临床效果对比及护理分析。方法依据不同营养治疗方案将70例妊娠期糖尿病患者分为对照组和观察组各35例,对照组患者采取传统的食物交换份(EFS)的营养干预方法,观察组患者在前者的基础上采取基于血糖符合概念的食物交换份(EFS+GL)的营养干预方法。结果经过不同的营养治疗后,观察组患者空腹血糖(FPG)、餐后2h血糖(2hPG)及糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)水平均显著低于对照组,差异显著( P <0.05);观察组患者剖宫产、妊高症、产后出血及产后感染发生率均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义( P <0.05);观察组新生儿中巨大儿、胎儿窘迫、黄疸及低血糖发生率均显著低于对照组,差异具有统计学意义( P <0.05)。结论基于血糖符合概念的食物交换份的营养干预方法能够有效降低患者血糖水平,改善患者妊娠结局,降低新生儿并发症发生率,具有使用价值。

食管癌、贲门癌术后早期肠内营养支持临床应用探讨

目的:探讨食管癌、贲门癌术后早期肠内营养支持的临床应用。方法:回顾分析自2004年1月至2004年12月33例食管癌及贲门癌患者术后肠内营养支持的方法。结果:本组33例行食管癌(贲门癌)根治手术患者,术后早期应用肠内营养,患者营养状况较应用前明显示改善,肝肾功能及血糖无明显示变化。结论:肠内营养支持可促进肠功能的恢复,改善病人营养状况,增进免疫功能,减少术后并发症,减少病人的经济负担。

Hepatic encephalopathy in patients with liver cirrhosis:Is there a role of malnutrition?

Hepatic encephalopathy(HE) is a common complica-tion in patients with liver cirrhosis but its pathogenesis remains incompletely understood.Malnutrition is com-monly encountered in patients with liver cirrhosis and it has been reported to affect the quality of life of this group of patients.Experimental studies suggest that low energy intake and poor nutritional status may facil-itate the development of HE but there are scarce data on the potential role of malnutrition in HE in patients with liver cirrhosis.Two recently published studies have evaluated the potential role of malnutrition in the development of HE in cirrhotic patients with conflicting results.In this letter to the editor we briefly present the results of the two studies as well as potential rea-sons for the conflicting results reported.

Treatment of upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage with personal stage nutrition support

AIM： To investigate the feasibility of treatment for upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage with personal stage nutrition support. METHODS： Forty-three patients with upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage were randomly divided into two groups. Patients in group A were treated with personal stage nutrition support and patients in group B were treated with total parental nutrition （TPN） in combination with operation. Nutritional states of the candidates were evaluated by detecting albumin （AIb） and pre-AIb. The balance between nutrition and hepatic function was evaluated by measurement of aspartate aminotransferase （AST）, alanine aminotransferase （ALT） and total bilirubin （Tbill） before and after operation. At the same time their complications and hospitalized time were surveyed. RESULTS： Personal stage nutrition support improved upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage. The nutrition state and hepatic function were better in patients who received personal stage nutrition support than in those who did not receive TPN. There was no significant difference in the complication and hospitalized time in the two groups of patients. CONCLUSION： Upper gastrointestinal fistula and leakage can be treated with personal stage nutrition support which is more beneficial for the post-operation recovery and more economic than surgical operation.

Nutritional modulation of the inflammatory response in inflammatory bowel disease-From the molecular to the integrative to the clinical

Nutrient deficiencies are common in patients with inflammatory bowel disease （IBD）. Both total parenteral and enteral nutrition provide important supportive therapy for IBD patients, but in adults these are not useful for primary therapy. Dietary intervention with omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids contained in fish oil may be useful for the care of IBD patients, and recent studies have slyessed the role of PPAR on NFKB activity on the potential beneficial effect of dietary lipids on intestinal function.

Inflammation and nutrition in children with chronic kidney disease

Chronic infammation and nutritional imbalance are impor-tant comorbid conditions that correlate with poor clinical outcomes in children with chronic kidney disease （CKD）. Nutritional disorders such as cachexia/protein energy wasting, obesity and growth retardation negatively impact the quality of life and disease progression in children with CKD. Inadequate nutrition has been asso-ciated with growth disturbances in children with CKD. On the other hand, over-nutrition and obesity are associated with poor outcomes in children with CKD. The exact mechanisms leading to these unfavorable conditions are not fully elucidated and are most likely multifactorial. In this review, we focus on the pathophysiology of nutrition disorders and infammation and their impact on clinical outcomes in children with CKD.