Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous or-ganic acids on dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient defi-ciency. [Method] Different proportions of A1 and B horizon da...Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous or-ganic acids on dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient defi-ciency. [Method] Different proportions of A1 and B horizon dark brown forest soils (A1∶B=1∶2) were utilized to establish soil conditions with nutrient deficiency for cultivation of Larix olgensis seedlings. The effects of oxalic acid, citric acid and succinic acid on dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient deficiency were studied systematical y by adding different concentrations of organic acid solutions. [Result] Under nutrient deficiency, dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils was reduced significantly, and the reduction increased with the extension of stress duration. Most organic acid treatments improved dehydrogenase activity in nutrient-deficient dark brown forest soils, and the effects varied with different treatment du-ration and types and concentrations of organic acids. Furthermore, 10.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L organic acid treatments exhibited the most significant effects on day 10, 20 and 30, respectively. The increment of dehydrogenase activity in different durations showed a downward trend of 30 d〉20 d〉10 d; the improvement effects of three organic acids on dehydrogenase activity showed a downward trend of succinic acid〉 citric acid〉oxalic acid. [Conclusion] Exogenous organic acids improved signifi-cantly dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient deficiency and also improved the microbial activity and soil fertility to a certain extent.展开更多
Background and aims: The comparative efficacy of glucose solution (GS) versus non-nutritive sucking (NNS) for pain re- lief in neonate remains controversial. This systematic review was consequently performed to o...Background and aims: The comparative efficacy of glucose solution (GS) versus non-nutritive sucking (NNS) for pain re- lief in neonate remains controversial. This systematic review was consequently performed to objectively investigate the analgesic effect of Oral GS related to NNS in newborns during nociceptive procedures. Methods: All potential records were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to capture the randomized controlled trials comparing GS with NNS in terms of pain scores in neonates through January 2017. Two independent investigators screened the identified articles, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. All statistical analyses were completed by using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.3.0. Results: Four studies, involving 248 neonates, were incorporated into these statistical analyses. For reducing pain scores, no statistical difference was detected when GS compared to NNS (4 trials; mean difference [MD], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.77 to 2.27; P = 0.33). Conclusion: Both the GS and NNS reduced the pain scores in neonates who undergoing Hepatitis B vaccination and venipuncture, but the NNS is more convenience than GS to some extent. Considered the limited evidences, more randomized controlled trials with high-quality, large-scale and appropriate measures time are warranted to further establish the comparative efficacy of these two options.展开更多
目的总结新生儿经皮中心静脉置管(percutaneous inserted central catheter,PICC)致静脉营养液渗漏的临床特点。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年12月北京大学第三医院新生儿重症监护病房诊断的16例PICC致静脉营养液渗漏新生儿的临床特...目的总结新生儿经皮中心静脉置管(percutaneous inserted central catheter,PICC)致静脉营养液渗漏的临床特点。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年12月北京大学第三医院新生儿重症监护病房诊断的16例PICC致静脉营养液渗漏新生儿的临床特点。采用描述性统计分析。结果本院PICC致静脉营养液渗漏的发生率为1.6%(16/1012)。16例PICC致静脉营养液渗漏患儿中13例胸腔渗漏,1例心包渗漏,2例脑脊液渗漏。16例均为早产儿,胎龄为(30.5±0.5)周,出生体重为(1314.4±62.1)g。给予PICC的日龄为(4.3±0.6)d。从PICC置入到发生静脉营养液渗漏间隔时间为(7.3±2.0)d。13例胸腔渗漏患儿均表现为呼吸困难、呼吸暂停及皮肤发绀,1例心包渗漏患儿除有以上表现外还有心动过缓和血压下降,2例脑脊液渗漏患儿主要表现为嗜睡和惊厥。发生胸腔和心包渗漏的14例患儿PICC均从右贵要静脉置入,仅5例导管前端初始位置正确;4例初始置入过深,当天调整;发生静脉营养液渗漏时导管前端位置发生偏移10例。发生脑脊液渗漏的2例患儿PICC均从左大隐静脉置入,导管前端初始位置均不正确,但均未调整,发生静脉营养液渗漏时2例均发生置管前端偏移。16例患儿经穿刺抽液及拔除PICC后临床症状迅速缓解,未再反复。结论PICC致静脉营养液渗漏可能与PICC置管前端向非中心静脉偏移有关。一旦诊断PICC致静脉营养液渗漏,应及时穿刺引流并拔除PICC,预后良好。展开更多
基金Supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(31370613)National Program on Key Basic Research Project(973 Program)(2011CB403202)+1 种基金Project of General Administration of Quality Supervision,Inspection and Quarantine the People’s Republic of China(2009IK177)Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(DL12CA01)~~
文摘Objective] This study aimed to investigate the effects of exogenous or-ganic acids on dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient defi-ciency. [Method] Different proportions of A1 and B horizon dark brown forest soils (A1∶B=1∶2) were utilized to establish soil conditions with nutrient deficiency for cultivation of Larix olgensis seedlings. The effects of oxalic acid, citric acid and succinic acid on dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient deficiency were studied systematical y by adding different concentrations of organic acid solutions. [Result] Under nutrient deficiency, dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils was reduced significantly, and the reduction increased with the extension of stress duration. Most organic acid treatments improved dehydrogenase activity in nutrient-deficient dark brown forest soils, and the effects varied with different treatment du-ration and types and concentrations of organic acids. Furthermore, 10.0, 5.0 and 10.0 mmol/L organic acid treatments exhibited the most significant effects on day 10, 20 and 30, respectively. The increment of dehydrogenase activity in different durations showed a downward trend of 30 d〉20 d〉10 d; the improvement effects of three organic acids on dehydrogenase activity showed a downward trend of succinic acid〉 citric acid〉oxalic acid. [Conclusion] Exogenous organic acids improved signifi-cantly dehydrogenase activity in dark brown forest soils under nutrient deficiency and also improved the microbial activity and soil fertility to a certain extent.
文摘Background and aims: The comparative efficacy of glucose solution (GS) versus non-nutritive sucking (NNS) for pain re- lief in neonate remains controversial. This systematic review was consequently performed to objectively investigate the analgesic effect of Oral GS related to NNS in newborns during nociceptive procedures. Methods: All potential records were searched in PubMed, Web of Science, EMBASE, and the Cochrane Library to capture the randomized controlled trials comparing GS with NNS in terms of pain scores in neonates through January 2017. Two independent investigators screened the identified articles, extracted the data, and assessed the methodological quality of the included studies. All statistical analyses were completed by using Review Manager (RevMan) version 5.3.0. Results: Four studies, involving 248 neonates, were incorporated into these statistical analyses. For reducing pain scores, no statistical difference was detected when GS compared to NNS (4 trials; mean difference [MD], 0.75; 95% confidence interval [CI], -0.77 to 2.27; P = 0.33). Conclusion: Both the GS and NNS reduced the pain scores in neonates who undergoing Hepatitis B vaccination and venipuncture, but the NNS is more convenience than GS to some extent. Considered the limited evidences, more randomized controlled trials with high-quality, large-scale and appropriate measures time are warranted to further establish the comparative efficacy of these two options.
文摘目的总结新生儿经皮中心静脉置管(percutaneous inserted central catheter,PICC)致静脉营养液渗漏的临床特点。方法回顾性分析2015年1月至2019年12月北京大学第三医院新生儿重症监护病房诊断的16例PICC致静脉营养液渗漏新生儿的临床特点。采用描述性统计分析。结果本院PICC致静脉营养液渗漏的发生率为1.6%(16/1012)。16例PICC致静脉营养液渗漏患儿中13例胸腔渗漏,1例心包渗漏,2例脑脊液渗漏。16例均为早产儿,胎龄为(30.5±0.5)周,出生体重为(1314.4±62.1)g。给予PICC的日龄为(4.3±0.6)d。从PICC置入到发生静脉营养液渗漏间隔时间为(7.3±2.0)d。13例胸腔渗漏患儿均表现为呼吸困难、呼吸暂停及皮肤发绀,1例心包渗漏患儿除有以上表现外还有心动过缓和血压下降,2例脑脊液渗漏患儿主要表现为嗜睡和惊厥。发生胸腔和心包渗漏的14例患儿PICC均从右贵要静脉置入,仅5例导管前端初始位置正确;4例初始置入过深,当天调整;发生静脉营养液渗漏时导管前端位置发生偏移10例。发生脑脊液渗漏的2例患儿PICC均从左大隐静脉置入,导管前端初始位置均不正确,但均未调整,发生静脉营养液渗漏时2例均发生置管前端偏移。16例患儿经穿刺抽液及拔除PICC后临床症状迅速缓解,未再反复。结论PICC致静脉营养液渗漏可能与PICC置管前端向非中心静脉偏移有关。一旦诊断PICC致静脉营养液渗漏,应及时穿刺引流并拔除PICC,预后良好。
文摘目的采用Meta分析法比较添加结构脂肪乳和不添加结构脂肪乳的肠外营养支持治疗方案的疗效和安全性。方法检索Pub Med、EMBase、Cochrane Library、中国生物医学文献数据库、中国学术期刊全文数据库、万方数据库和维普数据库等文献资料,收集1990—2015年期间发表的使用添加结构脂肪乳的肠外营养液进行营养支持治疗的随机对照试验,按纳入、排除标准进行筛选并进行质量评价,应用Rev Man 5.3软件进行Meta分析。结果共纳入19篇(n=889)符合标准的随机对照试验相关文献。分析结果显示,与添加其他脂肪乳剂相比,使用添加结构脂肪乳的肠外营养支持治疗方案在提高血浆白蛋白水平[WMD=0.09,95%CI(0.03~0.15),P<0.05];减少对脂肪代谢的影响[WMD=-0.15,95%CI(-0.26~-0.03),P<0.05]等方面具有显著优势;在改善患者肝功能的指标方面,其对于降低丙氨酸转氨酶的水平具有显著优势[SMD=-0.64,95%CI(-1.21~-0.08),P<0.05]。其他指标如降低总胆红素[WMD=-1.95,95%CI(-4.10~0.20),P>0.05]及γ-谷氨酰转移酶水平[SMD=-0.10,95%CI(-1.05~0.84),P>0.05]等方面则不具有显著差异。结论添加结构脂肪乳的肠外营养支持治疗方案疗效优于添加其他脂肪乳剂,并可在一定程度上减少肠外营养使用对患者肝功能造成的损伤,是一种较为安全有效的治疗方法。