梦想在于坚持——航天员体验营营员龚诗雅专访

初见诗雅，只觉人如其名，是个似诗如歌般清雅秀丽的温柔女孩儿。很难想象，这样一个柔弱瘦小的女孩儿，14岁时就独自带着弟弟外出求学，她要如何面对身处异乡的种种困难，独自撑起照顾弟弟和自己的责任。随着访谈的深入，一切都有了答案。

营地教育独立营营会执行风险分析——以A营地独立营营会为例

采用文献资料法、实地考察法、访谈法等研究方法,以A营地独立营营会为例,指出该营营地环境、营地设施与设备、营会课程、营员管理、营地人力资源方面存在的安全隐患。研究表明,A营地独立营营会活动道具选用不严格,安全处理不够细致,课程内容与营员年龄不匹配,缺乏成体系的备用课程,营地导师的选聘不够严格。应选择适合的活动道具,消除自然因素等造成的风险,课程设计还需更加深入,提前制定备用课程方案,加入导师的安全知识培训和团体意识培训,提高导师考核标准,制定应对特殊情况的预案。

Preventive strategies for feeding intolerance among patients with severe traumatic brain injury:A cross-sectional survey

This study aimed to investigate the application status of preventive measures for feeding intolerance in patients with severe traumatic brain injury(STBI)in China and analysis the differences and their causes.Methods A cross-sectional survey was conducted.From December 2019 to January 2020,ICU nurses and physicians of 89 hospitals in China were surveyed by using a questionnaire on preventive strategies for feeding intolerance in patients with STBI.The questionnaire included two parts:the general information of participants(10 items)and application of preventive measures for feeding intolerance in STBI patients(18 items).Results Totally 996 nurses and physicians completed the questionnaire.Among various methods,gastrointestinal symptoms(85.0%)and injury severity(71.4%)were mostly used to assess gastrointestinal functions and risk of feeding intolerance among STBI patients,respectively.Initiating enteral nutrition(EN)within 24–48 h(61.5%),nasogastric tubes(91.2%),30°–45°of head-of-bed elevation(89.5%),continuous feeding by pump(72.9%),EN solution temperature of 38–40°C(65.5%),<500 ml initial volume of EN solution(50.0%),monitoring gastric residual volume with a syringe(93.7%),and assessing gastric residual volume every 4 h(51.5%)were mostly applied for EN delivery among STBI patients.Prokinetic agents(73.3%),enema(73.6%),probiotics(79.0%),antacid agents(84.1%),and non-nutritional preparations as initial EN formula(65.6%)were commonly used for preventing feeding intolerance among STBI patients.Conclusions The survey showed that nurses and clinicians in China have a positive attitude towards preventive strategies for feeding intolerance.However,some effective new technologies and methods have not been timely applied in clinical practice.We suggest that managers,researchers,clinicians,nurses,and other health professionals should collaborate to explore effective and standard preventive strategies for feeding intolerance among patients with STBI.

Using Logistic Regression to Identify the Entrepreneurial Capability of Thai Agricultural Cooperatives Members on Their Farm Management

This study elaborates three things： Firstly is the current agricultural cooperatives management and their low farm performance in eight provinces in the eastern of Thailand where are the bases of Thailand famous fruits products. Secondly is to point out the key concepts of the theory of entrepreneur and the strength of it to assist the community development, to teach young people, adults and cooperatives members to prepare them to pertain good entrepreneurship that meets cooperatives concepts and principles. Thirdly is to give an example of research study that describes how to identify entrepreneurial capability of agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand, dependent variable is qualitative or binary, we use ＂odds value＂ or probability of success over the probability of failure to identify the set of odds value, and use exponential function to transform the odds value to be the log of odds or Logit model. If probability of entrepreneur is over the cutting point of 0.8, it implied that members are pertained high entrepreneurial capability and vise versa. The first step of research is the analysis of five year panel secondary data during 2011-2015, collected from Cooperatives Auditing Department. Eight groups of 679 numbers of data from 215 cooperatives were calculated, data were divided by the number of member. These eight independent variables are Total income per member, Total equity per member, Net profit per member, Co-ops operating capital per member, Total cooperatives capital per member, Total deposit per member, Total asset per member, Number of member. Qualitative data are the four sizes of cooperatives： large, big, medium, and small. Qualitative data are the only one intervening variable in the model. Secondary data found that only four quantitative independent variables effect to entrepreneurial capability. Total asset per member, and Total income per member had negative effect, but Net profit per member, and Cooperatives capital per member had positive effect. It means that if cooperatives acquire more and more asset, cooperatives will have more burden of debt or equity and probability of entrepreneur will be decreased. If cooperatives gain more and more income to the firm, it means the complex organization or the cooperatives will success but the individual member who is individual finn will get loss. Cooperatives capital per member and Net profit per member have positive effect. Because cooperatives capital were gained from residual and after the allocation of cooperatives surplus to be patronage refund according to the volume of business which member had done with the cooperatives and dividend pay out to member according to the number of stocks they held for their saving with the cooperatives. For qualitative variable, large and medium size of cooperatives had no any effects, but small size of cooperatives had more effect than the big size. It implied that big cooperatives who had more and more number of members have more and more burden. Small size of cooperatives is similar to individual firm of each member. Thus, optimum size of cooperatives is suitable for their service and efficient management, if the size of business volume increasing continuously, the quality of service will decrease, because almost cooperatives organization is pricing at break even point. Second step is a primary survey of data from Rayong province. Seventy-five samples of cooperatives members have not recorded their business information, both revenue and cost. We cannot use logistic regression to run the second model, but only Multiple Regression Analysis （MRA）. MRA results identify that the cooperatives profit of each member depends on three variables： （1） sales, （2） member responsibility （not board member responsibility or Management responsibility）, （3） member＇s level of education. Suggestion and recommendation is that agricultural cooperatives members in Thailand still have to improve their entrepreneurial capability by recording all information related to business functions and prepare financial record to represent efficient use of resources to meet member and community＇s needs.

Building Long-Term Care Insurance System in China

The objective is to explore the foundation of the elderly long-term care insurance system in China, which is to face the problem resulted from aging of the population. Adopting the contrastive analysis to introduce briefly the long-term care insurance system in German, Japan and America for our learning. Therefore, China＇s long-term care insurance system could not totally indiscriminately imitate the mandatory long-term care insurance system in German and Japan, it also could not copy the business model of nursing insurance system in America. The conclusion is that long-term care insurance system in China should use the experience of developed countries based on the basic national conditions, doing some relative works, such as establishing policies and regulations, strengthening personnel training, and improving the market specification.

Marketing of African Walnut [Tetracarpidium conophorum Mull. （Arg）] in Southwest Nigeria： Production Issues and Contributions to Stakeholders

The survey was carried out in Ekiti, Oyo, Ogun, Ondo, and Osun states located in SW Nigeria. The respondents for the study include thirty marketers and thirty producers of African walnut randomly selected within each of the state, making a total of 60 respondents per state and 300 for the five states. Two sets of structured questionnaires were designed, one for each eatergory of the respondents. The questionnaires were designed to solicit information on demographic characteristics of the producers and marketers of African walnut, production and marketing challenges of the walnut, price trend along the marketing chain, and interraction and relationships of the middlemen. The questionnaires were administered through individual and focus group methods. Also, indepth interview of the respondents was conducted to supplement data obtained from the questionnaires. Purposive sampling method was used to select local markets where the walnut were sold for study of the price trend of the walnut for two seasons （from 2007 to 2008）. Marketing of the walnut started with farmers that plant the perennial climber on their farmland, while the marketing intermediaries include the village merchants, wholesalers, and the retailers. Adult male dominated the production sector of African walnut while processing and marketing the nuts were mostly done by the women and children. There is high demand for the walnut as delicacy and snack; although industrial usage is yet to be fully developed. Marketing of the cooked nuts and at retail quantity had the highest profit along the marketing chain. There is need for expansion of the current scale of production of the walnut to meet increasing demand. Provision of appropriate storage facilities to prevent spoilage of the product in rural areas and good rural road network for easy conveyance to urban markets where it is majorly consumed is pertinent for marketing of the walnut.

Contextual Influences＂ Online Service Failure and Recovery Strategies

In recent years, service failure and recovery strategies have generated considerable interest among both researchers and marketers. The Internet environment has transformed the concepts of service failure and recovery strategies from a dyadic customer-provider focus into a multidimensional web quality scope. In traditional encounters, the research spectrum of service failure and recovery strategies is very much developed from a customer service approach and the responsibility of recovery has been traditionally assumed to be something that is assigned to the marketer. Studies pay little or no attention to the multidimensional nature of service failures contingent to recovery strategies in developing countries. To date, empirical studies have focused on service failures and recovery strategies in developed countries. This paper aims to provide some insights on the need for a context-specific development of recovery programmes and strategies suitable for developing countries.

Sensory Evaluation of Flavored Soy Milk-Based Yogurt： A Comparison between Jordanian and Malaysian Consumers

Soy yogurt has gained significant popularity due to its nutritional health benefits. The objectives of this study were to develop flavored yogurt from soybean milk with reduced soy aftertaste by the addition of 30% （wt/wt） strawberry or orange jam in conjunction with a lactic acid fermentation. Soy milk-based yogurt products were assessed for microbial quality and for acceptability by a panel of Jordanian and Malaysian consumers. Sixty-one individuals, of whom 75.4% （n = 46） were Jordanian and 24.6% （n = 15） were Malaysian, evaluated the plain and flavored soy milk-based yogurt. The overall acceptability of orange and strawberry soy yogurt was rated significantly higher than plain soy yogurt. In general, the orange and strawberry soy yogurt received higher sensory ratings from Malaysian than Jordanian consumers. In addition, formulations with orange jam received higher scores than those flavored with strawberry. Shelf life tests showed that soy yogurt was acceptable for at least 8 d without perceptible spoilage. Therefore, the approach used yielded flavored products with better acceptability and improved sensory attributes, including decreased intensity of off flavor, with suitable shelf life at 4 ℃.

Impact of the Liaison Committee of Food and Nutrition on the Quality of Patients＇ Meals

At hospital, nutrition represents an important value of care, particularly for patients at risk. However, it is observed that for various reasons, the restoration of the hospitalized patients is often neglected in the privileges of the medical care. The establishment of a Liaison Committee of Food and Nutrition （LCFN） within a health establishment has shown according to several works, its positive impact in improving the hygienic quality and nutritional dishes served to patients. In this framework, we conducted a quasi-experimental study into CHU F hached Sousse of Tunisia type （before/after, creation LCFN） in order to assess the role of such structure （LCFN） in the qualification and the improvement of patients＇ food. Our study was based during the two phases （2007/2010） on the same methodology. Thus we have conducted an audit of observation of hygiene practices along the distribution chain of patient＇s meals and the samples for microbiological analyzes from food, surfaces, equipment and personnel＇s hands.The results obtained have shown, in one hand, a degradation of the average rate of contamination for the bacteriological analyzes, and in the other hand, an evolution of the rate of hygiene standards respected. According to this study, the role played by the LCFN is becoming more and clearer in the improvement of the hygienic quality of patients＇ dishes without forgetting the impact of improving the nutritional quality and Hedonics.

Giorgio Vasari＇s Last Supper： A Thanksgiving Celebration

Among the numerous themes on the suppers cited in the Bible, the Last Supper of Christ with His twelve apostles is the most poignant and rewarding for Christianity. Florentine Renaissance depictions of the theme are numerous and varied, traditionally represented as a predella （step） panel and as an altarpiece in dining halls or sacristies of churches and convents. Vasari＇s Last Supper for the Refectory ofLe Murate （The Walled） in Florence is an unusual depiction of Christ＇s thanksgiving. This imposing religious structure was painted for a poor Benedictine nunnery＇s cenacolo （refectory） in Florence. Vasari completed two drawings for the commission in 1546. The drawings and painting reveal how Vasari drew upon the work of his predecessors to create an innovative expression of thanksgiving, betrayal, and departure. This large masterpiece was severely damaged, almost irreparably, by several mishaps and floods in 1583 and 1718 and, more recently, by the major Florentine alluvione （flood） of 1966. In commemoration of the 50th year anniversary of this last catastrophic event, Vasari＇s Le Mutate Last Supper was carefully and magically restored by a group of masterful technicians, artists, and scientists. Their collaboration and support from the private sector demonstrate the successful bond among art, technology, science, and patronage.

Research on Applications of Humanism Management Thoughts and Positive Incentive on Contemporary Enterprise Management Activities

In this paper, we conduct research on the applications of humanism management thoughts and positive incentive on contemporary enterprise management activities. The success or failure of an enterprise, it has connected with the enterprise staff. Modem enterprise to make the enterprise in the competitive market of the brand is enduring, its survival is to be active play to the initiative, enthusiasm and creativity of employees, emphasizing the subject status of the employees and the leading role which is to emphasize the importance of basic management in enterprise management. Our research provides managers with the state-of-the-art methodology of management which will enhance the overall performance and the efficiency of business operating.

Nutritional Knowledge and Behavior of Professional Athletes in Khorramabad

Today it is proved that the lack of adequate nutritional knowledge leads to problems such as obesity, overweight and increased cardiovascular diseases. However, many obstacles such as poor financial support, lack of time and poor nutritional knowledge can influence achievement of optimal nutrition which is proportional to the level of the athlete＇s physical activity. The purpose of this study was to determine the level of nutritional knowledge and dietary behavior of athletes in Khorramabad in 2013. Professional athletes of Khorramabad, Iran, with more than one year of regular exercise and at least one course participating in national championships competitions were studied in this cross-sectional, descriptive-analytic study. The samples included 247 athletes aged 17-29 years. Their nutritional knowledge and behavior were measured by the nutritional knowledge and behavior inventory. Results： The results showed a significant difference in nutritional knowledge of athletes by gender and educational level; female athletes have higher nutritional knowledge than male athletes. A gender-dependent difference was found in nutritional behavior; despite their higher nutritional knowledge, female athletes have weaker nutritional behavior than male athletes. However, no significant correlation was found between BMI and nutritional knowledge and behavior of the athletes. Moreover, findings showed that nutritional knowledge and behavior could be significantly different in various sports.

Measuring Social Capital Linkage： The Role of the State-Based Voluntary Professional Association

This paper discusses the nature of the Australian bus and coach representative environment and the role of the state-based voluntary professional association （SBVPA）. A literature review associated with memberships to which businesses subscribe for representation and linking social capital is presented, as well as a discussion on agency theory that possibly explains the member/association dynamic. The results of an Australia-wide survey of bus operators, which measures the extent of linking social capital between themselves and their SBVPA, are revealed. It is found that one state with consistently higher results may possess a competitive advantage in the form of a partnership agreement with the State Government Authority--an agreement that rests on co-operation and facilitates social capital. This evidence could contribute to the global narrative on how non-profit associations can be a mechanism for institutionalising social capital, sustain a firm＇s operation and encourage governments to increase their use of non-profit associations, as agents of government, to achieve public policy outcomes.

Concussion management in soccer

Brain injuries in sports drew more and more public attentions in recent years. Brain injuries vary by name, type, and severity in the athletic setting. It should be noted, however, that these injuries are not isolated to only the athletic arena, as non-athletic mechanisms （e.g., motor vehicle accidents） are more common causes of traumatic brain injuries （TBI） among teenagers. Notwithstanding, as many as 1.6 to 3.8 million TBI result from sports and recreation each year in the United States alone. These injuries are extremely costly to the global health care system, and make TBI among the most expensive conditions to treat in children. This article serves to define common brain injuries in sport; describe their prevalence, what happens to the brain following injury, how to recognize and manage these injuries, and what you can expect as the athlete recovers. Some return-to-activity considerations for the brain-injured athlete will also be discussed.

Theory and Professionals： Impact of HRM on Economy

Research topic of this paper includes importance of theoretical knowledge on performance of firms＇ professionals. Research question is how theory affects the performance. Answer might become thorough competence of professionals and task performance. With this sense, two case studis are obtained from Drucker＇s works （2009; 2015）. Therefore, research method covers case study approaches. Furthermore, firms produce national GDP in an economy. There are several functions in firm management, and managers operate those functions. They are logistics, supply, stock, finance, accounting, marketing, production, etc. All have managers such as accounting manager, finance manager, marketing manager, etc. Performance of managers is crucial to fLrm performance. Because performance of managers might become one determinator of firm performance. Therefore, HRM may have an impact on GDP through managers. Because productions and sales of firms affect GDPs on an economy. Moreover, professionals or managers must have theoretical knowledge in their field. Because theoretical knowledge increases their performance at work. In conclusion, study reveals that managers may have impact on firm performance; and theory may increase task performance of employees.

Private Sector Ombudsman and Strengthening Consumers＇ Access to Justice： The Experience From Yogyakarta

After the monetary and political crisis of 1997 and 1998, Indonesia has been viewed by some observers as having entered into a transitional phase from authoritarian rule by a strong state toward a new democratic system of government in which civil societies will play a more prominent role. Democratization process is also accompanied by the rise of a strong civil society, which would together result in more efficient and transparent governments at local levels. This article aims to show the dynamic of democratization process in Indonesia, in which civil societies such as business actors, NGOs （non-government organizations）, journalists, scientists, business associations, consumer organizations, etc., play a more apparent role. Focused on the establishment of Private Sector Ombudsman （Lembaga Ombudsman Swasta--LOS） and also its role and responsibility, the author examines how LOS has become an alternative option for consumers to strengthen access to justice. In the last three years, LOS has succeeded in handling more than 200 cases and some of them have been the hottest issues. On the one hand, the emergence of LOS shows that civil society in Yogyakarta has played a significant role in implementing business ethics and good governance principles, and on the other hand, LOS has been proven to be the answer for consumers＇ needs in which consumers＇ complaints settled quickly, informal, and free of charge.

Internationalization in Egypt： Risks and Opportunities

Despite of Egypt is facing a period of political uncertainty, some Italian firms have a great interest in operating business in Egypt. Egypt has bilateral agreements with Italy since 2007. As a result of this relation, Italy has become a strategic partner for Egypt, gaining a growing importance in the Middle East. Egypt is, also, an important trading partner for the Italy. Political and economic relationship between Egypt and Italy has increased the interest in analyzing risks and opportunities for Italian firms that would like to operate in Egypt. However studies focused on this topic are still missing. With the aim to fill this gap, this article presents a study based on face to face interviews to some Egyptian senior-executives who manage in Egypt productive centres and representative offices of Italian finns. These interviews led to evidence opportunities and risks that Italian firms have to face operating business in Egypt.

Bottom-Up or Top-Down： Which Is the Best Approach to Improve CSR and Sustainability in Local Contexts？ Reflections From Italian Experiences

This paper reflects on the theme of sustainability and territorial social responsibility, which, in this context, is defined as a pathway promoted by a plurality of public and private actors, for- and non-profit, who find that social cohesion and the relationships that are cultivated in the place from which these diverse ＂protagonists＂ come, are the drivers in the construction of shared territorial governance. The efficacy of such processes in the local context （communal, provincial, and regional） is predicated on the culture and on the values that the diverse, networked stakeholders-actors accumulate in their territory （meso level）. In developing this theme, the paper is divided into several parts. The first part describes the theoretical context, which is illustrated by an enumeration of experiences realized at the local level in Italy. We then focus our analysis on the experience of territorial govemance promoted in the Marches Region. This project was selected as a case study, because it is emblematic of the Italian context; the territory is characterized by the diffuse presence of small businesses in the soeio-economic fabric and by the proactive role of the local government. The case allows us to evaluate this paper＇s fundamental proposition, that the policies of the European Commission [EC] and the Government of Italy for promoting Corporate Social Responsibility and sustainability are not concretely effective when they are not fostered by regional authorities together with local private actors. Furthermore, public initiatives, to be effective, should take into consideration the influence of local culture, the social milieu, and economic factors shaping the environment in which public-private networks arise.

Marketing as Innovation Strategy in Non Profit Sector in China： The Network of Influence ＂Guanxi＂

In a globalized world, not only the business market is overlapped but also marketing models take shape within economic systems. While there has been a proliferation in the implementation of marketing in the private sector, this paper provides a useful entry point for the understanding role of marketing within the nonprofit sector focused on China, the second worldwide economic power. A number of senior managers and directors from different Non-Governmental Organizations （NGOs） were interviewed of what they understood marketing to be and how they considered and implemented marketing within organizational strategy. The findings showed that while marketing was identified as an interesting and influential concept, Chinese nonprofit managers generally had a limited understanding of a marketing theory. The article further discusses reasons behind the dynamic based on personalized networks of influence used and the potential implications for nonprofit entities in China, a sector that plays a very noteworthy role in transformative economies.

Audit Partner Rotation, Audit Quality, and Dynamic Industry Structure

Previous research on the relationship between audit partner tenure and audit quality assumed that auditors conducted auditing works in a stable external environment where the corporate and management behavior was highly predictable. This study uses the joint tenure between audit partners and management to explain audit quality, because corporate directors would consider an appropriate adjustment in the management to deal with a dramatic change in the external environment. First, we examined whether there is a significant association between audit partner tenure and audit quality after the implementation of mandatory audit partner rotation by using the auditor tenure only. We addressed this issue by using a sample of Taiwan Residents companies and found no significant association between audit partner tenure and the magnitude of discretionary accruals （DA）, a common proxy for audit quality. Second, we tested the relationship between audit partner tenure and audit quality under the consideration of industry structure stability. The result exhibits a negative relation between audit partner tenure and audit quality under the control of industry structural stability which is measured by a proxy variable, the joint tenure between audit partner and management. Third, we investigated whether the association does exist between joint tenure of auditors and management and audit quality. We also addressed this issue by using Taiwan Residents data and found a significant association between the joint tenure of auditor and management and the magnitude of DA. Our findings provide evidence that the use of a mandatory rotation rule is an ineffective way to improve audit quality.