The paper analyzes the current marketing moral status of tourism enterprise, expounds the immoral conduct of marketing of tourism enterprise and the damage on consumer and society, and proposes the countermeasures to ...The paper analyzes the current marketing moral status of tourism enterprise, expounds the immoral conduct of marketing of tourism enterprise and the damage on consumer and society, and proposes the countermeasures to solve the problems in marketing process, which ensures the rapid development of tourism enterprise.展开更多
In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address ...In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address perceived problems. One of them was an integral study, executed by ERB （Foundation Expertcentre Regulations in Building）, RIGO （Research Institute for Real Estate） and TNO （Research Institute for Applied Technologies）, to innovate the whole building regulations system. It led to proposals to redefine responsibility and liability for all parties. This study states that by an effort of yearly ￡100 million, unnecessary costs up to ￡l billion can be avoided and a real quality push will take place in the building and real estate markets. The goals to reach are to minimize the administrative burden for the building owner and to enforce the construction industry to build conforming to the regulations. This paper discusses the ERB study and the given proposals. The ERB study demonstrated that a quality push is needed which potential will lead to less costs for building owners. It also shows that proven solutions, part of the regulations, might be of help for all parties involved.展开更多
Construction companies face threats from competition and must be able to adjust to modem technology and changes in customer expectations. These issues require efficient risk management techniques. The success of const...Construction companies face threats from competition and must be able to adjust to modem technology and changes in customer expectations. These issues require efficient risk management techniques. The success of construction companies running projects in international markets depends on how the risks arise from the host country conditions as well as the project specific risk factors. Successful management of risks requires identification of risks, construction of a risk model which can be used to assess the magnitude of risks, and implementation of response strategies so that an acceptable risk-return balance can be achieved. The project success usually depends on the combination of all risks, response strategies used to mitigate risks, and a company＇s ability to manage them. There exists a need to develop risk models containing the risks of doing business in international markets and factors that affect manageability of these risks. One of the market＇s critical challenges is scheduled management and the understanding and application of program management. This paper uses systematic risk identification, classification and analysis, and measurement and response methodologies to help international contractors quantify the risks of project development and accomplishment.展开更多
The procurement of goods determines the cost of business operations and the impact of corporate profits.For the purposes of Shandong Electric Power Company, with grid construction continued to increase efforts, gradua...The procurement of goods determines the cost of business operations and the impact of corporate profits.For the purposes of Shandong Electric Power Company, with grid construction continued to increase efforts, gradually increase the amount of investment in power grid construction.2013, Shandong Electric Power Company invested 360.5 billion yuan in fixed assets, an increase of 9%, in which grid investment 337.9 billion yuan,forecasting it will continue to increase in the coming years.How to strengthen procurement management is a top priority of Shandong Electric Power Enterprise Development,this paper conducted a systematic investigation and analysis in e-commerce companies in Shandong Power supplies procurement,comparing with the traditional procurement and e-commerce business processes,summarizing the problems and proposing strategies and suggestions for improvement,展开更多
The purpose of this paper is to study relations among equivariant operations on 3-dimensional small covers. The author gets three formulas for these operations. As an application, the Nishimura＇s theorem on the const...The purpose of this paper is to study relations among equivariant operations on 3-dimensional small covers. The author gets three formulas for these operations. As an application, the Nishimura＇s theorem on the construction of oriented 3-dimensional small covers and the Lu-Yu＇s theorem on the construction of all 3-dimensional small covers are improved. Moreover, for a construction of 3-dimensional 2-torus manifolds, it is shown that all operations can be obtained by using the equivariant surgeries.展开更多
This paper addresses a research question on why construction companies fail in their business. Starting with the concept of growth and capacity underinvestment archetype, a new and operational systems thinking model i...This paper addresses a research question on why construction companies fail in their business. Starting with the concept of growth and capacity underinvestment archetype, a new and operational systems thinking model is developed. The conceptual systems thinking model includes a set of causal structure that can explain various modes(including the growth and failure modes) of business performance of small and medium construction companies. Mainly the three components – projects,finance and capacity – and the understanding of their nexus(or causal inter-relationships) are found to be sufficient to reveal different performance modes in construction business. Further, the three operational aspects, namely, the business growth or decline process;the situation of financial and other capacity resource consumption; and the management of projects, finance and other capacity resources have been identified as the interrelated core and integral aspects of construction business.The three inter-related core aspects could actually include and explain different possible range of business situations,policies and practices in a construction company.展开更多
文摘The paper analyzes the current marketing moral status of tourism enterprise, expounds the immoral conduct of marketing of tourism enterprise and the damage on consumer and society, and proposes the countermeasures to solve the problems in marketing process, which ensures the rapid development of tourism enterprise.
文摘In 2008, two governmental committees presented their conclusions on strengthening the role of the private building sector in building control. In 2011, three new studies were commissioned by the government to address perceived problems. One of them was an integral study, executed by ERB （Foundation Expertcentre Regulations in Building）, RIGO （Research Institute for Real Estate） and TNO （Research Institute for Applied Technologies）, to innovate the whole building regulations system. It led to proposals to redefine responsibility and liability for all parties. This study states that by an effort of yearly ￡100 million, unnecessary costs up to ￡l billion can be avoided and a real quality push will take place in the building and real estate markets. The goals to reach are to minimize the administrative burden for the building owner and to enforce the construction industry to build conforming to the regulations. This paper discusses the ERB study and the given proposals. The ERB study demonstrated that a quality push is needed which potential will lead to less costs for building owners. It also shows that proven solutions, part of the regulations, might be of help for all parties involved.
文摘Construction companies face threats from competition and must be able to adjust to modem technology and changes in customer expectations. These issues require efficient risk management techniques. The success of construction companies running projects in international markets depends on how the risks arise from the host country conditions as well as the project specific risk factors. Successful management of risks requires identification of risks, construction of a risk model which can be used to assess the magnitude of risks, and implementation of response strategies so that an acceptable risk-return balance can be achieved. The project success usually depends on the combination of all risks, response strategies used to mitigate risks, and a company＇s ability to manage them. There exists a need to develop risk models containing the risks of doing business in international markets and factors that affect manageability of these risks. One of the market＇s critical challenges is scheduled management and the understanding and application of program management. This paper uses systematic risk identification, classification and analysis, and measurement and response methodologies to help international contractors quantify the risks of project development and accomplishment.
文摘The procurement of goods determines the cost of business operations and the impact of corporate profits.For the purposes of Shandong Electric Power Company, with grid construction continued to increase efforts, gradually increase the amount of investment in power grid construction.2013, Shandong Electric Power Company invested 360.5 billion yuan in fixed assets, an increase of 9%, in which grid investment 337.9 billion yuan,forecasting it will continue to increase in the coming years.How to strengthen procurement management is a top priority of Shandong Electric Power Enterprise Development,this paper conducted a systematic investigation and analysis in e-commerce companies in Shandong Power supplies procurement,comparing with the traditional procurement and e-commerce business processes,summarizing the problems and proposing strategies and suggestions for improvement,
基金Project supported by Fudan Universitythe Fujyukai Foundation and Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Education, Science and Technology (No. 2009-0063179)
文摘The purpose of this paper is to study relations among equivariant operations on 3-dimensional small covers. The author gets three formulas for these operations. As an application, the Nishimura＇s theorem on the construction of oriented 3-dimensional small covers and the Lu-Yu＇s theorem on the construction of all 3-dimensional small covers are improved. Moreover, for a construction of 3-dimensional 2-torus manifolds, it is shown that all operations can be obtained by using the equivariant surgeries.
文摘This paper addresses a research question on why construction companies fail in their business. Starting with the concept of growth and capacity underinvestment archetype, a new and operational systems thinking model is developed. The conceptual systems thinking model includes a set of causal structure that can explain various modes(including the growth and failure modes) of business performance of small and medium construction companies. Mainly the three components – projects,finance and capacity – and the understanding of their nexus(or causal inter-relationships) are found to be sufficient to reveal different performance modes in construction business. Further, the three operational aspects, namely, the business growth or decline process;the situation of financial and other capacity resource consumption; and the management of projects, finance and other capacity resources have been identified as the interrelated core and integral aspects of construction business.The three inter-related core aspects could actually include and explain different possible range of business situations,policies and practices in a construction company.
