鸡屎藤蒸馏物的免疫增强效果评价

在对鸡进行新城疫免疫的同时,利用鸡屎藤蒸馏物滴鼻,研究了鸡屎藤蒸馏物对雏鸡脾脏、法氏囊等免疫器官和机体抗体水平的影响。研究结果表明,鸡屎藤蒸馏物可显著促进雏鸡脾脏(P<0.05)、法氏囊(P<0.01)等免疫器官的发育和增长,显著提升雏鸡抗体水平(P<0.01)。因此,鸡屎藤蒸馏物可显著增强鸡新城疫疫苗的免疫效果,可开发为鸡新城疫疫苗的免疫佐剂。

提高脱臭蒸馏物中生育酚含量方法的探讨

富含生育酚的脱臭蒸馏物，具有很好的经济价值。原料油脂的种类，油脂精炼加工工艺，加工条件及贮藏条件。

天然香精—热带水果蒸馏物

目前,饮料、冰淇淋、糖果以及其它食品行业对天然水果香精特别是热带水果香精的需求量很大。一系列天然水果蒸馏物可作为配制天然水果香精的基料来满足市场需要。这些热带水果蒸馏物取自香蕉、椰子、番石榴、葡萄、柚、桔、红桔、西瓜、橙、柠檬、莱母酸橙。

热解胶粉的蒸馏残余物对沥青性质的影响

以废橡胶粉与柴油馏分在360℃下共混热解产物经蒸馏所得大于440℃残余物和中海滨州AH-70沥青为原料,在160℃下按不同比例混合得到试样。对所得试样进行了流变性、力学性质及抗老化性分析。结果表明,随着残余物含量的增加,试样的针入度增大、软化点下降,5℃延度增大,感温性质有所改善。DSR和BBR数据证明,相比基质沥青,添加10%的残余物,试样的抗车辙性能提高;残余物的加入对低温抗疲劳性能的影响不大。TFOT试验结果显示残余物对沥青的抗老化性起到了一定的改进作用。

1,4-丁二醇蒸馏底物解聚溶液组成的分析方法研究

近几年所展开实验表明,对相的组成进行萃取与分析,可使萃余相组成获得准确预测,从而为后续更为深入的实验的开展奠定基础。文章从实验和结果出发,围绕在化工生产中较为常见的BDO进行了研究,希望能够给人以启发,使日后类似实验的开展获得帮助与支持。

二中间物蒸馏塔的设备设计

前言 92年5月我厂从外厂引进一套年产5000吨的氯化苯生产工艺。其中大部分的设备是由甲方提供条件,由我厂自已设计的。其中《二中间物蒸馏塔》是由我厂工艺设计人员到现场实物考查后才提出了设备条件图的(见图1)。已知工艺条件:釜内及塔顶上列管换热器的管内包括塔内的操作压力为负0.09MPa;下部蒸汽换热管的换热面积约8m^2;塔内物料约为110℃。

油脂的脱臭与物理精炼

本文阐述了油脂“臭味物质”的组成;脱臭的基本公式,影响脱臭效率的因素,连续脱臭器(双壳体和单壳体)的结构,操作原理及设计要点,同时列举了国外在油脂脱臭方面的一些先进指标等。 本文还介绍了新的油脂精炼法——物理精炼及其生产流程,它与传统的烧碱精炼法相比,具有较多的优越性。 最后,笔者对于油脂脱臭或物理精炼所用加热介质的问题,提出了一些见解和看法。

利用多种有机蒸馏残渣制备防水胶黏剂的方法

介绍了一种利用VCM高沸物蒸馏残液、PVP残渣、烷基乙烯醚蒸馏残液,合成具有良好防水和粘接性能的无毒胶液(MHP),然后对MHP胶液进行改性处理,再加入废沥青、废旧塑料、废机油和经表面改性的活性白土,通过混合加工,制得高性能防水胶黏剂的方法。制成的防水胶黏剂成本低、毒性小、粘结和防水能力强。该方法可对多种有机蒸馏残渣综合利用,既最大限度的利用了废物,增加了一定的经济效益,又保护了环境。

气相有机热载体高、低沸物的测定及试验条件

本文介绍了运用气相色谱模拟蒸馏法测定高温气相有机热载体的高、低沸物含量,并通过两因素三水平正交试验确定了其测定的最佳条件。结果表明,当其它条件一定,使用长10.0m,直径530μm,膜厚1.5μm的毛细管色谱柱时,柱箱初始温度为50℃,升温速率为25℃/min,达到最高温度350℃后保持0.9min为最佳测定状态,测定的结果快速而准确。该试验方法的建立为高温气相有机热载体型式试验结果的判断提供了便捷而又可靠的依据。

Simulation and Optimization for Thermally Coupled Distillation Using Artificial Neural Network and Genetic Algorithm

In this paper, a new approach using artificial neural network and genetic algorithm for the optimization of the thermally coupled distillation is presented. Mathematical model can be constructed with artificial neural network based on the simulation results with ASPEN PLUS. Modified genetic algorithm was used to optimize the model. With the proposed model and optimization arithmetic, mathematical model can be calculated, decision variables and target value can be reached automatically and quickly. A practical example is used to demonstrate the algorithm.

Conceptual design of an extractive distillation process for the separation of azeotropic mixture of n-butanol-isobutanol-water

In many chemical processes, large amounts of wastewater containing butanol and isobutanol are produced.Given that n-butanol-isobutanol-water can form triple azeotrope, high-purity butanol cannot be recovered from the wastewater by ordinary distillation. To economically and effectively recover butanol from this kind of wastewater, 1,4-butanediol is selected as an extractant to break the formation of the azeotropes, and a doubleeffect extractive distillation process is proposed. The conceptual design of the proposed process is accomplished based on process simulation. With the proposed process, the purity of recovered butanol and water is greater than 99.99 wt%. In comparison with the conventional azeotropic distillation process, economic analysis shows that the operating cost of the proposed process is lower: when the capacity of wastewater treatment is 100 t·h^(-1), the total operating cost decreases by 5.385 ×10~6 USD per year, and the total annual cost of the new process decreases by 5.249 ×10~6 USD per year. In addition, in the extractive distillation system, variable effects on separation purities and cost are more complex than those in the ordinary distillation system. The method and steps to optimize the key variables of the extractive distillation system are also discussed in this paper and can provide reference for similar studies.

Production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller's grains

Abstract： Daqu distiller＇s grains were co-fermented as raw materials by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum to produce microbial oils, which can provide raw materials for bio-diesel development. The single factor tests were used to investigate the effects of ratio of strains, inoculum size, culture temperature and culture time on the production of microbial oils. The best processing conditions were obtained by orthogonal test through measuring the content of microbial oils in product. The result shows that the microbial oils content of the co-fermented product under the ratio of Trichoderma.koningii to Trichosporon cutaneum of 1：1, the inoculum size of strains of 11% at 28 ℃ for 6 d is 7.15 g/L. It is shown that the production of microbial oils co-fermented by Trichoderma.koningii and Trichosporon cutaneum with Daqu distiller＇s grains is possible. The research provides a new idea for the reuse of Daqu distiller＇s grains and also provides a new way for the development of microbial oils.

Analysis of Solar Distillers for Obtaining Bio-fuel

In this paper, a theoretical-economic study was carried out based on the operation and construction of different types of equipments that use solar energy to carry out the distillation process. The conclusions drawn from the analysis aimed to determine what is necessary for the optimal design of an experimental distillation module that allows bioethanol with specific features to be obtained, for the area of Tehuantepec in Mexico. This study took the experiments carried out by various authors and extracted information relevant to the selection of the parameters and variables of the proposed distiller according to their efficiency and construction costs.

Separation of the Ternary System of Methanol/ Methyl Butyl Ether/1-Butylchloride

The separation of ternary methanol/methyl butyl ether/1-butylchloride mixtures was investigated, which are the main components of the waste liquid. After preliminary studies on the ternary system, the integrated process of extraction and distillation was put forward to separate the ternary system. The results show that methanol carl be removed from the mixtures by extraction using water as the extracting agent. Through distillation of extract and dried raffinate respectively, methanol, methyl butyl ether and 1-butylchloride can be separated and recovered. In addition, the optimal volume for the extracting agent and effects of reflux ratio on the yield of product were also studied. The optimal volume ratio of the extracting agent to material is 1： 3.5, and the yield of the product increases with the increase of reflux ratio.

Shortcut Procedure for Inverted Batch Distillation Column (I) Multicomponent Ideal System

Inverted batch distillation column(stripper) is opposed to a conventional batch distillation col-umn(rectifier). It has a storage vessel at the top and products leave the column at the bottom. The batch stripper is favourable to separate mixtures with a small amount of light components by removing the heavy components as bottom products. In this paper, we are presenting a shortcut procedure based on our earlier work for design and simulation of the inverted batch distillation column, which is equivalent to the Fenske-Underwood-Gilliland procedure for continuous distillation. Given a separation task, we propose to compute the minimum number of stages(Nbmin) and the minimum reboil ratio(Rbmin) required in a batch stripper,which are the stages and reboil ratio required in a hypothetical inverted batch distillation column operating in total reboil ratio or having an infinite number of stages, respectively. Then, it is shown that the performance of inverted batch columns with a finite number of stages and reboil ratios could be correlated in Gilliland coordinates with the minimum stages Nbmin and the minimum reboil ratio Rbmin.

Distillation of GHZ State from Multiple Copies of Arbitrary W-Class State

W. Dur et al. have shown that it is impossible to obtain a GHZ state from one copy of arbitrary W-class state via local operations and classical communication （LOCC） [W. Dur, G. Vidal, and J.I. Cirac, Phys. Rev. A 62 （2000） 062314]. In our paper, the more general case is carefully investigated. We first show that, with a supply of two copies of arbitrary W-class state, we can always construct an explicit procedure to distill a GHZ state with a nonzero probability. Then based on this result, a simple procedure for distilling GHZ state from n copies of arbitrary W-class state is presented. Finally, we briefly discuss the applications.