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FDA-PI双色荧光法检测蓝藻细胞活性的研究 被引量:24
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作者 谌丽斌 梁文艳 +3 位作者 曲久辉 解明曙 雷鹏举 刘会娟 《环境化学》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2005年第5期554-557,共4页
对FDA-PI双色荧光法检测水华鱼腥藻和铜绿微囊藻的活性进行了研究,用荧光显微镜对染色结果进行测定.结果表明,在蓝色光激发下(495nm),活细胞被双醋酸荧光素FDA染成亮绿色,死亡细胞被碘化丙锭PI染成红色.染色效率与原植体类型和细胞密度... 对FDA-PI双色荧光法检测水华鱼腥藻和铜绿微囊藻的活性进行了研究,用荧光显微镜对染色结果进行测定.结果表明,在蓝色光激发下(495nm),活细胞被双醋酸荧光素FDA染成亮绿色,死亡细胞被碘化丙锭PI染成红色.染色效率与原植体类型和细胞密度有关.对细胞密度为6×107—7×109个·l-1的铜绿微囊藻,FDA染色效率可达94%以上.对细胞密度为4×107—5×108个·l-1的水华鱼腥藻,FDA染色效率可达91%以上,但细胞密度增大到5×109个·l-1时,由于藻丝体易卷曲在一起,FDA染色率下降到67%.对死亡细胞,PI染色率基本都可达到100%.因此,用FDA-PI检测活细胞和死亡细胞混合的细胞悬液,可根据细胞所发出的不同荧光而判断细胞活性. 展开更多
关键词 蓝藻细胞 活性 荧光染色 双醋酸荧光素 碘化丙锭 细胞活性 荧光法 检测 双色 铜绿微囊藻 水华鱼腥藻 细胞密度 染色效率 蓝藻
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郑州市某地面水源不同季节藻类分布和蓝藻细胞密度预测模型的建立 被引量:2
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作者 刘晓蕙 张慧珍 +4 位作者 程学敏 庄东刚 朱静媛 巴月 崔留欣 《郑州大学学报(医学版)》 CAS 北大核心 2006年第2期300-302,共3页
目的了解郑州市某地面水源不同季节藻类分布,并建立蓝藻细胞密度的预测模型。方法2004年3月到10月间,在该水源设2个采样点,采用标准方法监测水温(tW)、透明度、水深、总氮、总磷(TP)和各藻门细胞密度等指标;采用描述统计方法了解不同季... 目的了解郑州市某地面水源不同季节藻类分布,并建立蓝藻细胞密度的预测模型。方法2004年3月到10月间,在该水源设2个采样点,采用标准方法监测水温(tW)、透明度、水深、总氮、总磷(TP)和各藻门细胞密度等指标;采用描述统计方法了解不同季节藻类分布,应用直线相关分析和多元回归方法探讨蓝藻细胞密度与环境因子之间的关系,并初步建立蓝藻细胞密度的预测模型。结果春季优势藻门是绿藻和硅藻,夏、秋季优势藻门是蓝藻和绿藻。标准化蓝藻细胞密度(ln(CCD+1))与tW、TP呈正相关,与透明度、水深呈负相关;蓝藻细胞密度的预测模型为ln(CCD+1)=1.004+0.232tW+22.364TP(R2=0.842,F=58.773,P<0.01),应用该方程计算出的预测值能够较好地与实测值拟合。结论环境条件不同将导致藻类生长情况不同;削减水中TP含量在控制蓝藻细胞密度方面具有现实意义。 展开更多
关键词 蓝藻细胞密度 多元逐步回归 预测模型 水源
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简介蓝藻细胞的亚显微结构 被引量:3
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作者 王健 孙存华 《生物学教学》 北大核心 2015年第5期70-71,共2页
本文结合蓝藻细胞结构模式图,简单介绍蓝藻细胞的胶质鞘、细胞壁、中心质、类囊体等亚显微结构。
关键词 蓝藻细胞 亚显微结构
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简介蓝藻细胞的亚显微结构
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作者 王健 孙存华 《中学生物学》 2015年第2期8-9,共2页
结合蓝藻细胞结构模式图,简单介绍了蓝藻细胞的胶质鞘、细胞壁、中心质、类囊体等亚显微结构。
关键词 蓝藻细胞 亚显微 结构
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水华蓝藻细胞提取物对实验鼠毒理效应研究进展
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作者 秦文弟 杨柳燕 《环境工程技术学报》 CAS 2011年第5期443-448,共6页
蓝藻暴发引发的水华造成了严重的生态灾难和健康危害,蓝藻水华污染因其已成为全球性的环境问题而受到关注。蓝藻产生的藻毒素具有潜在致癌作用,与多种消化道肿瘤的发病率升高相关,其毒理学效应及其健康危害性更是学术界研究和关注的热... 蓝藻暴发引发的水华造成了严重的生态灾难和健康危害,蓝藻水华污染因其已成为全球性的环境问题而受到关注。蓝藻产生的藻毒素具有潜在致癌作用,与多种消化道肿瘤的发病率升高相关,其毒理学效应及其健康危害性更是学术界研究和关注的热点。水华蓝藻细胞提取物较之纯藻毒素的毒理学效应有很大不同,研究水华蓝藻细胞提取物对哺乳动物的毒理学效应能为蓝藻水华的健康风险评估提供一定的理论依据。水华蓝藻细胞提取物对实验鼠产生的毒理学效应,如脏器细胞凋亡和对各脏器抗氧化酶防御系统的损害;水华蓝藻细胞提取物对实验鼠遗传毒性和促癌或致癌作用研究是目前研究的热点和难点问题。 展开更多
关键词 蓝藻细胞提取物 实验鼠 毒理效应 健康风险
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一种绿色高效获得蓝藻活细胞数的方法探究
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作者 倪敏 谢沁璇 +4 位作者 李岱 周永健 刘婷婷 赵艺蒙 潘杨 《苏州科技大学学报(工程技术版)》 CAS 2023年第2期38-45,共8页
绿色高效计数蓝藻活细胞是预警蓝藻水华发生的重要手段,目前我国尚未颁布蓝藻活细胞计数的国家标准。本研究使用浮游植物荧光仪测定活性蓝藻叶绿素a浓度;超声(2.5~3.5 min、45 kHz、200 W)裂解蓝藻气囊后染色镜检计数蓝藻活细胞数;建立... 绿色高效计数蓝藻活细胞是预警蓝藻水华发生的重要手段,目前我国尚未颁布蓝藻活细胞计数的国家标准。本研究使用浮游植物荧光仪测定活性蓝藻叶绿素a浓度;超声(2.5~3.5 min、45 kHz、200 W)裂解蓝藻气囊后染色镜检计数蓝藻活细胞数;建立叶绿素a浓度与活细胞数的标准曲线;测定未知藻液活细胞的叶绿素a浓度,带入标准曲线获得未知藻液的活细胞数。该方法建立的标准曲线R2为99.73%,符合标准曲线的线性要求;只需使用浮游植物荧光仪测定活性蓝藻的叶绿素a浓度即可获得蓝藻活细胞数,无需使用一类致癌物甲醛进行藻液的固定,该方法绿色、高效,可为蓝藻水华快速预警提供新的监测方法。 展开更多
关键词 藻华预警 蓝藻细胞 气囊 叶绿素A 标准曲线
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太湖不同湖区蓝藻细胞裂解速率的空间差异 被引量:6
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作者 叶琳琳 吴晓东 +1 位作者 于洋 孔繁翔 《环境科学学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2010年第6期1302-1311,共10页
2009年在太湖蓝藻水华形成初期(五月)、盛发期(九月)和衰亡期(十月和十一月),运用基于颗粒态酯酶,溶解性酯酶以及酯酶衰变常数测定的酯酶活性方法对不同湖区(藻型和草型湖区)蓝藻的细胞裂解速率进行了计算,在测定颗粒态酯酶、溶解性酯... 2009年在太湖蓝藻水华形成初期(五月)、盛发期(九月)和衰亡期(十月和十一月),运用基于颗粒态酯酶,溶解性酯酶以及酯酶衰变常数测定的酯酶活性方法对不同湖区(藻型和草型湖区)蓝藻的细胞裂解速率进行了计算,在测定颗粒态酯酶、溶解性酯酶活性时,同步分析了太湖优势种群中蓝藻叶绿素a的含量.统计分析结果表明,叶绿素a的浓度与颗粒态酯酶、溶解性酯酶活性有很好的相关性,说明以酯酶活性为指标来计算太湖蓝藻细胞裂解速率是可行的.对不同湖区的细胞裂解速率进行比较,可见湖心和西太湖在蓝藻水华形成初期细胞裂解速率分别为0.072,0.048d-1.水华盛发期以及水华衰亡期,湖心和西太湖的细胞裂解速率分别为0.074~0.770d-1,0.014~0.110d-1.太湖湖心磷酸盐浓度比西太湖低,所以蓝藻生长速率慢,导致细胞裂解速率比西太湖高.但是,在梅梁湾和贡湖,衰亡末期磷酸盐浓度比其它月份高,细胞裂解速率也高.4个采样点在衰亡末期的细胞裂解速率比水华形成初期,暴发期和衰亡初期要高,可能的原因是气温和水体温度下降导致蓝藻生长速度减慢.本研究结果表明,太湖蓝藻细胞裂解速率有明显的空间差异,其具体的影响因素很多,营养盐只是其中一个. 展开更多
关键词 太湖 蓝藻细胞裂解速率 酯酶活性
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水华蓝藻噬藻体对不同条件培养的宿主细胞感染性分析 被引量:8
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作者 高恶斌 李三华 +1 位作者 吕波 张奇亚 《水生生物学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第3期420-425,共6页
在从武汉东湖水样中培养分离水华蓝藻噬藻体(Planktothrix agardhii Virus from Lake Donghu,PaV-LD)的基础上,对在不同条件培养的宿主蓝藻细胞中,PaV-LD增殖效率及裂解作用进行了测定分析。分别将PaV-LD接种到生长期、半连续培养更新... 在从武汉东湖水样中培养分离水华蓝藻噬藻体(Planktothrix agardhii Virus from Lake Donghu,PaV-LD)的基础上,对在不同条件培养的宿主蓝藻细胞中,PaV-LD增殖效率及裂解作用进行了测定分析。分别将PaV-LD接种到生长期、半连续培养更新率或光照不同的宿主蓝藻液中,并采用稀释培养计数(Mostprobable number,MPN)方法与电镜观察,测定子代PaV-LD释放量及宿主细胞的裂解作用。结果显示:对数生长期宿主蓝藻单个细胞中子代PaV-LD的平均释放量为350感染单位(Infectious Units,IU/cell),显著高于稳定生长期的平均释放量110 IU/cell。在用新鲜培养基更新率为0%、35%、50%和65%的半连续培养宿主蓝藻中,接种PaV-LD 5d之后,噬藻体的释放量分别约为50 IU/cell、70 IU/cell、220 IU/cell或310 IU/cell,表明子代PaV-LD释放率随培养基更新率的增加而显著提高。在光照条件下感染3—4d后,宿主蓝藻细胞充分裂解,并释放大量子代PaV-LD,滴度可由初始7.00×103IU/mL快速增加到8.56×107IU/mL;但在遮光条件下,同样感染的蓝藻细胞未见裂解,也检测不到释放的子代噬藻体。电镜观察显示,在光照条件下感染的蓝藻细胞类囊体膜结构消失,而大量子代PaV-LD颗粒主要分布在原有类囊体的部位。显然,宿主蓝藻细胞的培养条件和状态可能对获得噬藻体纯培养有决定性影响。 展开更多
关键词 丝状蓝藻病毒(PaV-LD) 噬藻体感染性 蓝藻细胞裂解 半连续培养 稀释培养计数(MPN)
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水华蓝藻对鱼类的营养毒理学效应 被引量:19
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作者 董桂芳 解绶启 +2 位作者 朱晓鸣 韩冬 杨云霞 《生态学报》 CAS CSCD 北大核心 2012年第19期6233-6241,共9页
水体富营养化导致蓝藻水华的发生已成为全球关注的水环境问题,很多鱼类处于水生态系统食物链的最高级,蓝藻水华的主要次级代谢产物-微囊藻毒素可通过鱼类的摄食活动或生物富集作用在鱼体组织中累积,并通过食物链危及人类健康。近年来,... 水体富营养化导致蓝藻水华的发生已成为全球关注的水环境问题,很多鱼类处于水生态系统食物链的最高级,蓝藻水华的主要次级代谢产物-微囊藻毒素可通过鱼类的摄食活动或生物富集作用在鱼体组织中累积,并通过食物链危及人类健康。近年来,微囊藻毒素对鱼类的毒性效应引起众多科学家的关注。在天然水体中不少鱼类可以主动摄食蓝藻,所以,水华蓝藻对鱼类来说既具有营养物作用、也具有潜在的毒性作用。鉴于目前机械收获的水华蓝藻生物量资源化利用问题以及水产饲料业亟需大力开发鱼粉替代蛋白源的需要,从营养学和毒理学这两个角度来研究水华蓝藻对鱼类的营养作用和毒性效应具有较高的理论和现实意义。主要概述了蓝藻粉、蓝藻细胞对鱼类的营养学和毒理学效应,以期拓展水华蓝藻对鱼类毒性效应的研究视野,同时也为水华蓝藻的资源化利用提供新的思路。 展开更多
关键词 蓝藻 蓝藻细胞 微囊藻毒素 营养毒理学 鱼类
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Effects of heavy metals (Pb^(2+) and Cd^(2+)) on the ultrastructure, growth and pigment contents of the unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 被引量:1
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作者 K. K. I. U. Arunakumara 张学成 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2009年第2期383-388,共6页
The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a model organism known for its unique combination of highly desirable molecular genetic, physiological and morphological characteristics, was employed in the ... The unicellular cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, a model organism known for its unique combination of highly desirable molecular genetic, physiological and morphological characteristics, was employed in the present study. The species was cultured in BG11 liquid medium contained various initial concentrations of Pb^2+ and Cd〉 (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 and 8 mg/L). The experiment was conducted for six days and the metal induced alterations in the ultrastructure, growth and pigment contents were assessed. Alterations in the ultrastructure of the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 cells became evident with the increased (〉4 mg/L Pb^2+) metal concentration. The photosynthetic apparatus (thylakoid membranes) were found to be the worst affected. Deteriorated or completely destroyed thylakoid membranes have made large empty spaces in the cell interior. In addition, at the highest concentration (8 mg/L pb^2+), the polyphosphate granules became more prominent both in size and number. Despite the initial slight stimulations (0.2, 3.8 and 6.5% respectively at 0.5, 1 and 2 mg/L pb^2+), both metals inhibited the growth in a dose-dependent manner as incubation progressed. Pigment contents (chlorophyll a, 13 carotene and phycocyanin) were also decreased with increasing metal concentration. Cells exposed to 6 mg/L Pb^2+, resulted in 36.56, 37.39 and 29.34% reductions of chlorophyll a, 13 carotene and phycocyanin respectively over the control. Corresponding reductions for the same CdZ+concentrations were 57.83, 48.94 and 56.90%. Lethal concentration (96 h LC50) values (3.47 mg/L Cd^2+ and 12.11 mg/L Pb^2+) indicated that Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 is more vulnerable to Cd^2+ than Pb^2+. 展开更多
关键词 GROWTH pigment contents Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 ULTRASTRUCTURE
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Floating Escherichia coli by Expressing Cyanobacterial Gas Vesicle Genes 被引量:1
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作者 WANG Tianhe KANG Li +15 位作者 LI Jiaheng WU Wenjie ZHANG Peiran GONG Minghao LAI Weihong ZHANG Chunyan CHANG Lei PENG Yong YANG Zhongzhou LI Lian BAO Yingying XU Haowen ZHANG Xiaohua SUI Zhenghong YANG Guanpin WANG Xianghong 《Journal of Ocean University of China》 SCIE CAS 2015年第1期84-88,共5页
Gas vesicles are hollow, air-filled polyprotein structures that provide the buoyancy to cells. They are found in a variety of prokaryotes. In this study, we isolated a partial gas vesicle protein gene cluster containi... Gas vesicles are hollow, air-filled polyprotein structures that provide the buoyancy to cells. They are found in a variety of prokaryotes. In this study, we isolated a partial gas vesicle protein gene cluster containing gvpA and gvpC20ψ from Planktothrix rubescens, and inserted it into an expression vector and expressed it in E. coli. The gas vesicle was developed in bacterial cells, which made bacterial cells to float on medium surface. We also amplified gvpA and gvpC20ψ separately and synthesized an artificial operon by fusing these two genes with the standardized gene expression controlling elements of E. coli. The artificial operon was expressed in E. coli, forming gas vesicles and floating bacteria cells. Our findings verified that the whole set of genes and the overall structure of gas vesicle gene cluster are not necessary for developing gas vesicles in bacteria cells. Two genes, gvpA and gvpC20ψ, of the gas vesicle gene cluster are sufficient for synthesizing an artificial operon that can develop gas vesicles in bacteria cells. Our findings provided a wide range of applications including easing the harvest of cultured microalgae and bacteria, as well as enriching and remediating aquatic pollutants by constructing gas vesicles in their ceils. 展开更多
关键词 gas vesicle gene cluster gas vesicle gene BUOYANCY
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海洋生物固氮研究进展 被引量:1
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作者 李志红 李劲尤 刘甲星 《生态科学》 CSCD 2021年第5期215-230,共16页
海洋生物固氮因可以支持初级生产所需的氮而在全球碳氮循环中具有重要作用。从二十世纪九十年代分子生物学和15N2同位素示踪法应用于固氮研究领域以来,逐渐发现了单细胞固氮蓝藻和异养固氮细菌的重要性,是近年来海洋固氮研究领域的最大... 海洋生物固氮因可以支持初级生产所需的氮而在全球碳氮循环中具有重要作用。从二十世纪九十年代分子生物学和15N2同位素示踪法应用于固氮研究领域以来,逐渐发现了单细胞固氮蓝藻和异养固氮细菌的重要性,是近年来海洋固氮研究领域的最大进展之一,表明以前基于束毛藻为主要固氮生物估算的固氮量可能低估了生物固氮在全球海洋生物地球化学循环中的地位。另一方面,传统的海洋生物固氮研究仅局限于热带亚热带的寡营养盐区域,对高营养盐区域如上升流、河口等高营养盐区域较少关注,因此有必要对这些区域的生物固氮进行重新评估和再认识。综述了国际固氮研究的最近进展,主要包括固氮生物多样性及分布特征、生物固氮的限制性因素、研究方法以及存在的问题。同时综述了南海生物固氮方面的最新进展和问题。 展开更多
关键词 海洋生物固氮 细胞固氮蓝藻 异养固氮细菌 分子生物学技术 高营养区域 南海
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Biosorption mechanism of Cr (Ⅵ) onto cells of Synechococcus sp.
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作者 申丽 夏金兰 +2 位作者 何环 聂珍媛 邱冠周 《Journal of Central South University of Technology》 2007年第2期157-162,共6页
The biosorption mechanism of Cr (Ⅳ) ions on Synechococcus sp. biosorbent was studied by analyzing the biosorption kinetics as well as speciation change and bond formation during the biosorption process. The kinetic... The biosorption mechanism of Cr (Ⅳ) ions on Synechococcus sp. biosorbent was studied by analyzing the biosorption kinetics as well as speciation change and bond formation during the biosorption process. The kinetics study shows that the adsorption process of Cr (Ⅳ) consists of a very fast stage in the first several minutes, in which more than half of the saturation adsorption is attained, and a slower stage that approximately follows the first order kinetic model, basically Freundlich isotherm models were observed. Comparative studies of FT-LR spectra of K2Cr2O7, free cells of Synechococcus sp., and Cr-bound cells of Synechococcus sp show that the speciation of chromium that binds to the cells ofSynechococcus sp. is Cr (Ⅲ), instead of Cr (Ⅳ), and the carboxylic, alcoholic, amido and amino groups may be involved in the binding of Cr (Ⅲ). Integrative analyses of the surface electric potential, the effect of pH value on adsorption behavior of Cr (Ⅵ), and the results of FT-IR show that the biosorption of Cr (Ⅵ) follows two subsequent steps, biosorption of Cr2O7 ^2- by electrostatical force at the protonated active sites and reduction of Cr2O7^2- to Cr^3+ by the reductive groups on the surface of the biosorbents. 展开更多
关键词 BIOSORPTION Synechococcus sp. Cr (Ⅳ) biosorption mechanism biosorption kinetics
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Physical and chemical processes promoting dominance of the toxic cyanobacterium Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii 被引量:4
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作者 Michele A. BURFORD Timothy W. DAVIS 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2011年第4期883-891,共9页
The freshwater cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszyflska) Seenayya and Subba Raju is a common species in lakes and reservoirs globally. In some areas of the world it can produce cytoand hepatotoxi... The freshwater cyanobacterium, Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszyflska) Seenayya and Subba Raju is a common species in lakes and reservoirs globally. In some areas of the world it can produce cytoand hepatotoxins (cylindrospermopsins, saxitoxins), making blooms of this species a serious health concern for humans. In the last 10 15 years, there has been a considerable body of research conducted on the ecology, physiology and toxin production of this species and this paper reviews these studies with a focus on the cylindrospermopsin (CYN)-producing strains. C. raciborskii has low light requirements, close to neutral buoyancy, and a wide temperature tolerance, giving it the capacity to grow in many lentic waterbodies. It also has a flexible strategy with respect to nitrogen (N) utilisation; being able to switch between utilising fixed and atmospheric N as sources of N fluctuate. Additionally this species has a high phosphate (DIP) affinity and storage capacity. Like many cyanobacteria, it also has the capacity to use dissolved organic phosphorus (DOP). Changes in nutrient concentrations, light levels and temperature have also been found to affect production of the toxin CYN by this species. However, optimal toxin production does not necessarily occur when growth rates are optimal. Additionally, different strains of C. raciborskii vary in their cell quota of CYN, making it difficult to predict toxin concentrations, based on C. raciborskii cell densities. In summary, the ecological flexibility of this organism means that controlling blooms of C. raciborskii is a difficult undertaking. However, improved understanding of factors promoting the species and toxin production by genetically capable strains will lead to improved predictive models of blooms. 展开更多
关键词 CYANOBACTERIA FRESHWATER algal toxins NUTRIENTS light temperature
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The decline process and major pathways of Microcystis bloom in Taihu Lake, China 被引量:2
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作者 WANG Zhicong LI Guowen +1 位作者 LI Genbao LI Dunhai 《Chinese Journal of Oceanology and Limnology》 SCIE CAS CSCD 2012年第1期37-46,共10页
Eutrophication has become a serious concern in many lakes, resulting in cyanobacterial blooms. However, the mechanism and pathways of cyanobacteria decline are less understood. To identify and define the growth and de... Eutrophication has become a serious concern in many lakes, resulting in cyanobacterial blooms. However, the mechanism and pathways of cyanobacteria decline are less understood. To identify and define the growth and decline of Microcystis blooms in Taihu Lake of China, and to illuminate the destination of surface floating blooms, we investigated the biomass distribution and variations in colony size, morphology, and floating velocity from October 2008 to September 2009. The results showed that the Microcystis bloom declined in response to biomass decrease, colony disaggregation, buoyancy reduction, and increased phytoplankton biodiversity, and these indicative parameters could be applied for recognition of the development phases of the bloom. Three major decline pathways were proposed to describe the bloom decline process, colony disaggregation (Pathway I), colony settlement (Pathway II), and cell lysis in colonies (Pathway III). We proposed a strategy to define the occurrence and decline of Microcystis blooms, to evaluate the survival state under different stress conditions, and to indicate the efficiency of controlling countermeasures against algal blooms. 展开更多
关键词 Microcystis blooms decline pathways morphological changes biomass distribution Taihu Lake
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