[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertilit...[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing ar- eas. [Method] Nutrients of soil samples in 3 006 plots were measured, and fertility characters were evaluated based on the improved Nemerow composite index method. [Result] Soil in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was sticky and acidic with an average pH value of 4.94. Available B was insufficient with an average content of 0.24 mg/kg. Exchangeable Mg was low with an average content of 62.34 mg/kg. Organic matter content was moderate. The contents of alkali N, rapidly available P, rapidly available K, available Cu, available Zn, available Mn and available Ca were moderate. However, unlike the soil in high-yield areas, there was unbalanced nutri- tion distribution. According to Nemerow integrated index method, soil fertility in sug- arcane-growing areas was grade lU, namely low fertility. The integrated fertility index was 0.56. Individual fertility indexes including rapid available Cu, rapidly available Zn, exchangeable Mg, available Mn, rapidly available manganese Mn and alkali N were at poor level. Other indexes were at medium or high level. [Conclusion] It could be concluded that soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was gener- ally low, The above-mentioned evaluation method could help to build a quantified and scientific soil fertility evaluation system and reduce the impacts of subjective factors during evaluation process.展开更多
[Objective]The aim was to understand the change characteristics of sugarcane traits and evaluate the cold tolerance of sugarcane varieties under the drought and frost conditions.[Method] The experiment was carried out...[Objective]The aim was to understand the change characteristics of sugarcane traits and evaluate the cold tolerance of sugarcane varieties under the drought and frost conditions.[Method] The experiment was carried out in Ziyuan County,Guangxi Province where the frost occurred often with 21 domestic and abroad sugarcane varieties（elites）.[Result] There were significant changes in the brix,green leaf number and photosynthetic rate of sugarcane before and after light frost and decreased more in cold-sensitive varieties.However,the correlation was only significant between the damage rate of stem length and internode,percentage of green leaves after heavy frost in relation to sugarcane brix and brix changes after light frost.Further analysis showed that the evaluation for cold tolerance of sugarcane would be more simple and reliable with traits of the damage rate of stem length and percentage of upper green leaves.The evaluation for varieties indicated that if it was not carried out for cold-tolerance identification in breeding program,the percentage of sugarcane varieties with good cold-tolerance will be lower than30%,and higher than 60% with poor cold-tolerance in subtropical and tropical regions.[Conclusion] This study had provided theoretical basis for the cold-resistant evaluation of sugar cane and the breeding of the varieties of cold-resistant.展开更多
A batch experiment was conducted to investigate the adsorption of trivalent chromium （Cr（Ⅲ）） from aqueous solutions by sugarcane pulp residue （SPR） and biochar. The results show that Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption by SPR ...A batch experiment was conducted to investigate the adsorption of trivalent chromium （Cr（Ⅲ）） from aqueous solutions by sugarcane pulp residue （SPR） and biochar. The results show that Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption by SPR and biochar is highly pH-dependent and Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption amount increases with the increase of pH. The adsorption kinetics of Cr（Ⅲ） fits well with the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption capacities of 15.85 mg/g and 3.43 mg/g for biochar and SPR were calculated by Langmuir model. This indicates that biochar has a larger ability for Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption than SPR. The free energy change value （AG） reveals a spontaneous sorption process of Cr（Ⅲ） onto SPR and non-spontaneous sorption process onto biochar. The entropy change （AS） and enthalpy change （AH） are found to be 66.27 J/（mol＇K） and 17.13 kJ/mol for SPR and 91.59 J/（mol-K） and 30.875 kJ/mol for biochar which further reflect an affinity of Cr（Ⅲ） onto SPR and biochar. It is suggested that biochar has potential to be an efficient adsorbent in the removal of Cr（Ⅲ） from industrial wastewater.展开更多
An important factor for the sustainability of soils highly susceptible to degradation is the use of monitoring tools that promptly and realistically reflect changes imposed on soil by different cropping systems. To se...An important factor for the sustainability of soils highly susceptible to degradation is the use of monitoring tools that promptly and realistically reflect changes imposed on soil by different cropping systems. To select soil quality indicator variables in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production areas that fulfill the criteria of sensitivity to management practices and between-season consistency in the management discrimination, ten composite soil samples (0–10 cm) were collected in July 2005 (rainy season) and again in March 2006 (dry season) from areas under cultivation of organic sugarcane (OS), green sugarcane (GS), burned sugarcane (BS) and from an adjacent native forest (NF) area at Usina Triunfo, Boca da Mata, Alagoas, Brazil. Microbial biomass-C (MBC), total organic C (TOC), soil enzyme activity expressed as the rate of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, mean weight diameter of water-stable soil aggregates (MWD), and percentage of water-stable macroaggregates (PWSA) were analyzed. Although MBC and TOC were higher in NF than in the cultivated areas, no differences were observed in these C pools between the three sugarcane systems. The response of FDA to the site management was dependent on the sampling time. In the rainy period, the activity followed the order: NF > OS > GS > BS, whereas in the dry season, only NF differed from the other treatments. Irrespective of the sampling time, MWD and PWSA decreased in the order NF > OS = GS > BS. The variables MWD and PWSA are quite sensitive for discriminating between site management histories regardless the sampling season.展开更多
The contents of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca and P in 43 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms during the vegetative period were determined. Among them...The contents of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca and P in 43 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms during the vegetative period were determined. Among them, the crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, P and Ca contents were treated as the judging indicators. The nutritional value evaluation was carried out with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The results showed A49(Guangxi)had the highest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash,neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were 32.35%,7.20%, 4.06%, 8.07%, 75.81%, 50.72%, 0.23% and 0.16% respectively. While A3(Guangdong) had the lowest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were32.24%, 4.62%, 0.51%, 6.38%, 46.40%, 40.02%, 0.15% and 0.09% respectively.The crude protein content differed significantly among different germplasms. A48 had the highest crude protein content(9.11%), and A14 had the lowest crude protein content(3.72%). Based on the evaluation results, the 43 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms were divided into 3 groups: high-nutritional value type, moderate-nutritional value type and low-nutritional value type. We hoped to provide a theoretical reference for the application of Saccharum spontaneum L. as a forage grass.展开更多
基金Supported by Guangxi Natural Science Foundation(2015GXNSFBA139098)Guangxi Scientific Research and Development Program(GKH14125008-2-15)+2 种基金Science and Technology Program of Wuming District,Nanning City,Guangxi Province(20160101-13)Science and Technology Development Fund of Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences(GNKY2015JZ36,GNKY2015JM06,GNKY2015YT30,GNKY2013JZ10)Major Science and Technology Project of Ministry of Agriculture(201203030)~~
文摘[Objective] Soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing areas was evaluated to provide theoretical reference for sugarcane scientific planting and fertilization and further optimize evaluation system for soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing ar- eas. [Method] Nutrients of soil samples in 3 006 plots were measured, and fertility characters were evaluated based on the improved Nemerow composite index method. [Result] Soil in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was sticky and acidic with an average pH value of 4.94. Available B was insufficient with an average content of 0.24 mg/kg. Exchangeable Mg was low with an average content of 62.34 mg/kg. Organic matter content was moderate. The contents of alkali N, rapidly available P, rapidly available K, available Cu, available Zn, available Mn and available Ca were moderate. However, unlike the soil in high-yield areas, there was unbalanced nutri- tion distribution. According to Nemerow integrated index method, soil fertility in sug- arcane-growing areas was grade lU, namely low fertility. The integrated fertility index was 0.56. Individual fertility indexes including rapid available Cu, rapidly available Zn, exchangeable Mg, available Mn, rapidly available manganese Mn and alkali N were at poor level. Other indexes were at medium or high level. [Conclusion] It could be concluded that soil fertility in Guangxi sugarcane-growing area was gener- ally low, The above-mentioned evaluation method could help to build a quantified and scientific soil fertility evaluation system and reduce the impacts of subjective factors during evaluation process.
基金Supported by National Science and Technology Support Program(2008BADB8B01,2007BAD30B02,2007BAD30B05)Modern Agricultural Technology System Special Fund Project(nycytx-024-01-03)Guangxi Scientific and Technological Project(0782004-2,0782004-5)~~
文摘[Objective]The aim was to understand the change characteristics of sugarcane traits and evaluate the cold tolerance of sugarcane varieties under the drought and frost conditions.[Method] The experiment was carried out in Ziyuan County,Guangxi Province where the frost occurred often with 21 domestic and abroad sugarcane varieties（elites）.[Result] There were significant changes in the brix,green leaf number and photosynthetic rate of sugarcane before and after light frost and decreased more in cold-sensitive varieties.However,the correlation was only significant between the damage rate of stem length and internode,percentage of green leaves after heavy frost in relation to sugarcane brix and brix changes after light frost.Further analysis showed that the evaluation for cold tolerance of sugarcane would be more simple and reliable with traits of the damage rate of stem length and percentage of upper green leaves.The evaluation for varieties indicated that if it was not carried out for cold-tolerance identification in breeding program,the percentage of sugarcane varieties with good cold-tolerance will be lower than30%,and higher than 60% with poor cold-tolerance in subtropical and tropical regions.[Conclusion] This study had provided theoretical basis for the cold-resistant evaluation of sugar cane and the breeding of the varieties of cold-resistant.
基金Project(50925417) supported by the National Funds for Distinguished Young Scientist,ChinaProject(50830301) supported by the Key Program of National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaProject(51074191) supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China
文摘A batch experiment was conducted to investigate the adsorption of trivalent chromium （Cr（Ⅲ）） from aqueous solutions by sugarcane pulp residue （SPR） and biochar. The results show that Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption by SPR and biochar is highly pH-dependent and Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption amount increases with the increase of pH. The adsorption kinetics of Cr（Ⅲ） fits well with the pseudo-second-order model. The maximum Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption capacities of 15.85 mg/g and 3.43 mg/g for biochar and SPR were calculated by Langmuir model. This indicates that biochar has a larger ability for Cr（Ⅲ） adsorption than SPR. The free energy change value （AG） reveals a spontaneous sorption process of Cr（Ⅲ） onto SPR and non-spontaneous sorption process onto biochar. The entropy change （AS） and enthalpy change （AH） are found to be 66.27 J/（mol＇K） and 17.13 kJ/mol for SPR and 91.59 J/（mol-K） and 30.875 kJ/mol for biochar which further reflect an affinity of Cr（Ⅲ） onto SPR and biochar. It is suggested that biochar has potential to be an efficient adsorbent in the removal of Cr（Ⅲ） from industrial wastewater.
基金Project supported by the Brazilian Corporation for Agricultural Research (No.02.03.01.01.04) the Usina Triunfo(Alagoas State), Brazil.
文摘An important factor for the sustainability of soils highly susceptible to degradation is the use of monitoring tools that promptly and realistically reflect changes imposed on soil by different cropping systems. To select soil quality indicator variables in sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) production areas that fulfill the criteria of sensitivity to management practices and between-season consistency in the management discrimination, ten composite soil samples (0–10 cm) were collected in July 2005 (rainy season) and again in March 2006 (dry season) from areas under cultivation of organic sugarcane (OS), green sugarcane (GS), burned sugarcane (BS) and from an adjacent native forest (NF) area at Usina Triunfo, Boca da Mata, Alagoas, Brazil. Microbial biomass-C (MBC), total organic C (TOC), soil enzyme activity expressed as the rate of fluorescein diacetate (FDA) hydrolysis, mean weight diameter of water-stable soil aggregates (MWD), and percentage of water-stable macroaggregates (PWSA) were analyzed. Although MBC and TOC were higher in NF than in the cultivated areas, no differences were observed in these C pools between the three sugarcane systems. The response of FDA to the site management was dependent on the sampling time. In the rainy period, the activity followed the order: NF > OS > GS > BS, whereas in the dry season, only NF differed from the other treatments. Irrespective of the sampling time, MWD and PWSA decreased in the order NF > OS = GS > BS. The variables MWD and PWSA are quite sensitive for discriminating between site management histories regardless the sampling season.
基金Supported by the Tropical Forage Grass Germplasm Conservation Project of Ministry of Agriculture(2011BAD17B01-01-5)Modern Agriculture Talent Support Program(No.PZS083)Tropical Crops Germplasm Conservation Project(12RZZY-09)
文摘The contents of dry matter, crude fat, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, crude ash, Ca and P in 43 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms during the vegetative period were determined. Among them, the crude protein, crude fat, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, P and Ca contents were treated as the judging indicators. The nutritional value evaluation was carried out with the analytic hierarchy process(AHP). The results showed A49(Guangxi)had the highest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash,neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were 32.35%,7.20%, 4.06%, 8.07%, 75.81%, 50.72%, 0.23% and 0.16% respectively. While A3(Guangdong) had the lowest nutritional value. Its dry matter, crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, neutral detergent fiber, acid detergent fiber, Ca and P contents were32.24%, 4.62%, 0.51%, 6.38%, 46.40%, 40.02%, 0.15% and 0.09% respectively.The crude protein content differed significantly among different germplasms. A48 had the highest crude protein content(9.11%), and A14 had the lowest crude protein content(3.72%). Based on the evaluation results, the 43 Saccharum spontaneum L.germplasms were divided into 3 groups: high-nutritional value type, moderate-nutritional value type and low-nutritional value type. We hoped to provide a theoretical reference for the application of Saccharum spontaneum L. as a forage grass.
