Research, development and use of biofuels have emerged into focus caused by environmental protection reasons. As biodiesels （fatty acid methyl esters） have many disadvantages, the conversion of vegetable oils to bet...Research, development and use of biofuels have emerged into focus caused by environmental protection reasons. As biodiesels （fatty acid methyl esters） have many disadvantages, the conversion of vegetable oils to better quality fuels is required. One of the possible solutions is the catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils mixed with straight run gas oil. During quality improvement of mixtures of rapeseed oil （0, 5, 8, 12, 50 and 100%） and straight run gas oil （sulphur content： 0.95%） on NiMo, P/A12O3 catalyst at different process parameters, it was found that both the deep sulphur and nitrogen removal of gas oil and oxygen removal reactions of triglycerides （hydrogenation, decaboxylation and decarbonylation ways） and in a moderate degree the hydrogenation of aromatics took place. At favourable process parameters （350-360℃; 60 bar; LHSV： 1.5 h^-1; H2/hydrocarbon ratio： 600 Nm^3/m^3） diesel fuel fractions with sulphur and nitrogen content 〈 10 mg/kg and with significantly higher cetane numbers （〉 60-80） than the requirement of the valid standard （minimum 51; EN 590：2009＋A1：2010） were produced. During its application the concentration of sulphur and nitrogen oxides and the particulate matter is clearly lower in the exhaust gas contributing to lower emission and the conversation of the catalytic activity of the after-treatment systems.展开更多
Free radicals, which are generated in several biochemical reactions in the body, have been implicated as mediators of many diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis and heart diseases. Although the endogenous antiox...Free radicals, which are generated in several biochemical reactions in the body, have been implicated as mediators of many diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis and heart diseases. Although the endogenous antioxidants can scavenge these free radicals, they are often insufficient to maintain the in vivo redox balance. The antioxidant activity(AOA) was examined by addition of each tested antioxidants [alpha-tocopherol(α-T), beta-tocopherol(β-T), gamma-tocopherol(γ-T), delta-tocopherol(δ-T), butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol(BHT), and ascorbyle palmitate(AP)] to four types of different vegetable oils(sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil and olive oil). Moreover, content changes in fatty acids were then investigated every 3 months during the storage period. The results showed that the AOA was different among the tested antioxidants. The AOA for BHA was the most for different types of oil compared with other antioxidants, whereas the δ-T possessed the lowest AOA.展开更多
文摘Research, development and use of biofuels have emerged into focus caused by environmental protection reasons. As biodiesels （fatty acid methyl esters） have many disadvantages, the conversion of vegetable oils to better quality fuels is required. One of the possible solutions is the catalytic hydrogenation of vegetable oils mixed with straight run gas oil. During quality improvement of mixtures of rapeseed oil （0, 5, 8, 12, 50 and 100%） and straight run gas oil （sulphur content： 0.95%） on NiMo, P/A12O3 catalyst at different process parameters, it was found that both the deep sulphur and nitrogen removal of gas oil and oxygen removal reactions of triglycerides （hydrogenation, decaboxylation and decarbonylation ways） and in a moderate degree the hydrogenation of aromatics took place. At favourable process parameters （350-360℃; 60 bar; LHSV： 1.5 h^-1; H2/hydrocarbon ratio： 600 Nm^3/m^3） diesel fuel fractions with sulphur and nitrogen content 〈 10 mg/kg and with significantly higher cetane numbers （〉 60-80） than the requirement of the valid standard （minimum 51; EN 590：2009＋A1：2010） were produced. During its application the concentration of sulphur and nitrogen oxides and the particulate matter is clearly lower in the exhaust gas contributing to lower emission and the conversation of the catalytic activity of the after-treatment systems.
文摘Free radicals, which are generated in several biochemical reactions in the body, have been implicated as mediators of many diseases, including cancer, atherosclerosis and heart diseases. Although the endogenous antioxidants can scavenge these free radicals, they are often insufficient to maintain the in vivo redox balance. The antioxidant activity(AOA) was examined by addition of each tested antioxidants [alpha-tocopherol(α-T), beta-tocopherol(β-T), gamma-tocopherol(γ-T), delta-tocopherol(δ-T), butylated hydroxyanisole(BHA), 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol(BHT), and ascorbyle palmitate(AP)] to four types of different vegetable oils(sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil and olive oil). Moreover, content changes in fatty acids were then investigated every 3 months during the storage period. The results showed that the AOA was different among the tested antioxidants. The AOA for BHA was the most for different types of oil compared with other antioxidants, whereas the δ-T possessed the lowest AOA.
