通过野外调查和资料收集,根据PPG I(Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I)分类系统建立江苏石松类和蕨类植物名录,江苏石松类和蕨类植物共有30科66属184种(包括亚种、变种、变型),其中野生植物27科61属176种,栽培植物6科7属8种。该区的蕨类...通过野外调查和资料收集,根据PPG I(Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I)分类系统建立江苏石松类和蕨类植物名录,江苏石松类和蕨类植物共有30科66属184种(包括亚种、变种、变型),其中野生植物27科61属176种,栽培植物6科7属8种。该区的蕨类植物优势科为鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)(41种)、凤尾蕨科(Pteridaceae)(17种)、金星蕨科(Thelypteridaceae)(17种)和蹄盖蕨科(Athyriaceae)(16种);优势属为鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris)(26种)、铁角蕨属(Asplenium)(15种)、卷柏属(Selaginella)(8种)和耳蕨属(Polystichum)(8种)。科和属的地理成分分别有6和10种类型,均以泛热带分布为主;种的地理分布有11种类型,以东亚分布和中国特有分布为主。该区的蕨类植物生态类型有5类,以土生为主。与邻近省份(浙江、安徽和山东)科、属、种的相似性系数分析结果表明,该区石松类和蕨类植物区系与安徽的区系关系最近,其余依次为浙江和山东。江苏石松类和蕨类植物较为丰富,优势科属明显,区系地理成分复杂,区系属于温带性质。建议加强对该区分布的濒危石松类和蕨类植物的保护。展开更多
Epiphytic plant species are an important part of biological diversity. It is therefore essential to understand the distribution pattern and the factors influencing such patterns. The present study is aimed at observin...Epiphytic plant species are an important part of biological diversity. It is therefore essential to understand the distribution pattern and the factors influencing such patterns. The present study is aimed at observing the patterns of species richness, abundances and species composition of epiphytic orchids and ferns in two subtropical forests in Nepal. We also studied the relationship of host plants(Schima wallichii and Quercus lanata) and epiphyte species. Data were collected in Naudhara community forest(CF) and the national forest(NF) in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate tests. In total, we recorded 41 species of epiphytes(33 orchid and 8 fern species). Orchid species abundance is significantlyhigher in CF compared to NF. Orchid species richness and abundance increased with increasing southern aspect whereas it decreased with increasing canopy cover, and fern species richness increased with host bark roughness. Orchid abundance was positively correlated with increasing bark p H, stem size, tree age and tree height and negatively correlated with increasing steepness of the area. Likewise, fern abundances were high in places with high canopy cover, trees that were tall and big, but decreased with increasing altitude and southern aspect. The composition of the orchid and fern species was affected by altitude, aspect, canopy cover, DBH, number of forks and forest management types. We showed that the diversity of orchid and fern epiphytes is influenced by host characteristics as well as host types. The most important pre-requisite for a high epiphyte biodiversity is the presence of oldrespectively tall trees, independent of the recent protection status. This means:(i) for protection, e.g.in the frame of the national park declaration, such areas should be used which host such old tall trees;and(ii) also in managed forests and even in intensively used landscapes epiphytes can be protected by letting a certain number of trees be and by giving them space to grow old and tall.展开更多
文摘通过野外调查和资料收集,根据PPG I(Pteridophyte Phylogeny Group I)分类系统建立江苏石松类和蕨类植物名录,江苏石松类和蕨类植物共有30科66属184种(包括亚种、变种、变型),其中野生植物27科61属176种,栽培植物6科7属8种。该区的蕨类植物优势科为鳞毛蕨科(Dryopteridaceae)(41种)、凤尾蕨科(Pteridaceae)(17种)、金星蕨科(Thelypteridaceae)(17种)和蹄盖蕨科(Athyriaceae)(16种);优势属为鳞毛蕨属(Dryopteris)(26种)、铁角蕨属(Asplenium)(15种)、卷柏属(Selaginella)(8种)和耳蕨属(Polystichum)(8种)。科和属的地理成分分别有6和10种类型,均以泛热带分布为主;种的地理分布有11种类型,以东亚分布和中国特有分布为主。该区的蕨类植物生态类型有5类,以土生为主。与邻近省份(浙江、安徽和山东)科、属、种的相似性系数分析结果表明,该区石松类和蕨类植物区系与安徽的区系关系最近,其余依次为浙江和山东。江苏石松类和蕨类植物较为丰富,优势科属明显,区系地理成分复杂,区系属于温带性质。建议加强对该区分布的濒危石松类和蕨类植物的保护。
基金“Bauer-Stiftung und Glaser-Stiftung im Stifterverband für die Deutsche Wissenschaft” Project No. T237/24905/2013/Kg for the research grantgrant number 14-36098G of the Czech Science Foundation and the institutional support RVO 67985939
文摘Epiphytic plant species are an important part of biological diversity. It is therefore essential to understand the distribution pattern and the factors influencing such patterns. The present study is aimed at observing the patterns of species richness, abundances and species composition of epiphytic orchids and ferns in two subtropical forests in Nepal. We also studied the relationship of host plants(Schima wallichii and Quercus lanata) and epiphyte species. Data were collected in Naudhara community forest(CF) and the national forest(NF) in Shivapuri Nagarjun National Park. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate tests. In total, we recorded 41 species of epiphytes(33 orchid and 8 fern species). Orchid species abundance is significantlyhigher in CF compared to NF. Orchid species richness and abundance increased with increasing southern aspect whereas it decreased with increasing canopy cover, and fern species richness increased with host bark roughness. Orchid abundance was positively correlated with increasing bark p H, stem size, tree age and tree height and negatively correlated with increasing steepness of the area. Likewise, fern abundances were high in places with high canopy cover, trees that were tall and big, but decreased with increasing altitude and southern aspect. The composition of the orchid and fern species was affected by altitude, aspect, canopy cover, DBH, number of forks and forest management types. We showed that the diversity of orchid and fern epiphytes is influenced by host characteristics as well as host types. The most important pre-requisite for a high epiphyte biodiversity is the presence of oldrespectively tall trees, independent of the recent protection status. This means:(i) for protection, e.g.in the frame of the national park declaration, such areas should be used which host such old tall trees;and(ii) also in managed forests and even in intensively used landscapes epiphytes can be protected by letting a certain number of trees be and by giving them space to grow old and tall.
