薄壁管结构的耐撞性研究

通过非线性有限元软件ANSYS/LS-DYNA对异截面同厚度和同截面异厚度的薄壁结构进行了数值分析,研究了其截面形状、壁厚、诱导槽等对撞击性能的影响,得出了薄壁管结构的吸能特征。分析表明:(1)锯齿管与圆形管具有相近的吸能效果,可以作为一种新型的薄壁管吸能元件;(2)横截面形状对薄壁管的比吸能有很大的影响,圆形管比吸能效果最好;(3)薄壁管的吸能随厚度增加而提高,但撞击力峰值与撞击力均值也会随之增加,达到4mm时吸能不再提高;(4)预变形结构能够使薄壁管的比吸能减少极小的情况下大幅降低撞击力峰值与撞击力均值,能有效地避免对乘客带来二次伤害,极大地提高了机车的耐碰撞性能。

S型薄壁管结构振动噪声主动控制的研究

针对管状结构在航空航天某些应用场合中振动、噪声过大的实际情况,进行了振动、噪声控制实验研究。以某S型薄壁管结构模型为研究对象,利用压电智能结构,结合振动主动控制技术和FX-LMS自适应滤波算法,成功实现了振动噪声主动控制。实验结果表明,所采用的方法对此S型薄壁管结构的振动、噪声抑制的有效性。

车辆薄壁管结构优化的耐撞性应用研究

车辆耐撞性研究是当前车辆被动安全领域的前沿方向,对于提高道路交通安全水平有非常重要的意义,而薄壁管结构优化是提高车辆耐撞性最为有效的方法之一。详细阐释车辆耐撞性的涵义,叙述薄壁管结构优化方法理论支撑;回顾薄壁管优化车辆耐撞性研究发展历程,概括主要研究的内容、方法以及成果,并提出薄壁管综合分析的耐撞性方法前沿;对比分析不同的结构优化设计研究方法之间的优劣;总结了薄壁管优化耐撞性研究的发展前景。

泡沫铝填充薄壁管复合结构压缩与吸能性能

采用填加造孔剂法制备泡沫铝,将其填充入6061铝合金薄壁管中制备填充复合结构,通过准静态压缩实验研究填充间隙、黏结方式以及薄壁管的壁厚等参数对泡沫铝填充管力学和吸能性能的影响,确定最佳制备参数。通过准静态压缩实验和落锤冲击实验,研究在不同应变率下单一与复合结构的力学和吸能性能特点。结果表明:在准静态压缩实验中,当应变为60%,泡沫铝填充管的吸能量是泡沫铝与薄壁管二者数值加和的122%;在冲击实验中,和单一结构相比,复合结构的冲击载荷更加稳定,且具有更高的平均冲击载荷,吸能能力更强;相对于单独的泡沫铝,泡沫填充薄壁管在压缩和冲击吸能方面均有较大的提升。

泡沫铝填充薄壁金属管结构冲击吸能特性研究

目的为了研究静动态加载下泡沫铝填充薄壁金属管结构吸能特性随泡沫铝密度的变化规律。方法利用材料试验机对3种不同密度的泡沫铝填充薄壁金属管结构进行准静态压缩,利用Taylor–Hopkinson实验装置对相同结构进行动态压缩实验,基于电测和光测法获得结构的静动态压缩载荷位移曲线,对载荷位移曲线进行积分得到结构的静动态吸能特性。结果准静态压缩下,随着泡沫铝密度的增加,泡沫铝填充薄壁管结构能量吸收能力近似成指数增加。动态压缩下,结构能量吸收能力随泡沫铝密度增加先保持不变后增加。结论准静态压缩下,在薄壁金属管中添加泡沫铝能明显增加泡沫铝填充薄壁金属管结构能量吸收能力,但在动态压缩下,低密度泡沫铝的添加无益于增加结构的能量吸收能力,为增加薄壁金属管的吸能能力需要求泡沫铝的密度超过一定值。

大直径薄壁圆管结构在码头设计中几个问题的探讨

本文就大直径薄壁圆管结构设计中常涉及的墙背主动土压力、结构抗倾抗滑稳定以及结构强度和变形等提出设计计算方面的意见。

Demolition technique of high thin-wall hyperbolic reinforced concrete cool tower by directional controlled blasting

Based on blasting demolition of high thin-wall hyperbolic reinforced concrete cool tower, by virtue of engineering practice of blasting the tube concrete structures, the analysis and research were made on the mechanism of cool tower collapse through selecting blasting parameters and selecting gap form, gap size and gap angle. The cool tower was twisted, collapsed directionally and broken well according to the design requirements. The expected results and purposes of blasting were obtained with no back blow, total blasted pile approximates to 4 - 5 m, no occurrence of flying stones and no damage to fixed buildings and equipment, the large-sized hyperbolic thin-wall reinforced concrete cool towers are twisted during blasting and it collapses well with good breaking. The test and measurement of blasting vibrating velocity was carried out during blasting and the measuring results are much less than critical values specified by Safety Regulations for Blasting. The study shows that gap form, gap size and gap angle are the key factors to cool tower collapse and will give beneficial references to related theoretical study and field application.

Crushing analysis and multiobjective crashworthiness optimization of bitubular polygonal tubes with internal walls

In order to reduce casualties and property losses in a collision accident, thin-walled structure has been extensively used as energy absorber in crashworthiness design of train. With the help of energy absorber, collision kinetic energy can be controllably dissipated by the plastic deformation of structures. A new kind of multi-cell thin-walled structure called as bitubular polygonal tubes with internal walls(BPTIW) was constructed. The crashworthiness characteristics of BPTIWs were investigated by LS-DYNA. It can be found that the BPTIW with 12 sides has the most excellent crashworthiness characteristics. Therefore, based on response surface method(RSM) and multiobjective particle optimization(MOPSO) algorithm, the BPTIW with 12 sides was selected to optimize the dimensions of cross-sectional configuration under different constraints of energy absorption(EA) and crushing peak force(CPF). The results show that the optimal designs of BPTIW12 under different constraints present excellent crashworthiness characteristics and can be used in the practical engineering.

Evolution of Goss texture in thin-walled copper tube at different heat treatment temperatures

The evolution of microstructure,textures,and mechanical properties of thin-walled copper tube during heat treatment was investigated using EBSD technique and tensile test.The results show that the initial deformation textures of pre-drawn thin-walled copper tube are mainly composed of Copper and Y components,while with the increase of temperatures,the textures are transformed into a strong Goss texture gradually.The high-resolution microstructural characterizations indicate that the new Goss recrystallized grains nucleate and grow up within the deformed Copper grains and Y grains in different mechanisms,respectively.The tensile strength of the thin-walled copper tube decreases gradually with the increase of the temperature,while the elongation increases first and then decreases sharply due to the action of grain sizes and texture components.

Anti-impact and energy-absorption of metal and compound thin-wall cylindrical tubes

The paper presents an energy iterative method to determine the second critical velocity by comparing the time histories of the kinetic energy and the buckling deformation based on the finite element model of the impact system. To design anti-impact structures of the thin-wall cylindrical tubes with this new method, the cost of the experiment can be considerably reduced. The feasibility and validity of this method are demonstrated by a dropping hammer experiment. In addition, this paper deals with the influence of constrained damping layers on the anti-impact capability and energy-absorption of thin-wall cylindrical tubes. Results show that the constrained damping layers make the energy-absorption and the anti-impact capability increased comparing with the naked tubes; the thickness of the damping layer should be restricted in a range, or else the anti-impact capability will decrease with the increase of the damping layer thickness; for the constrained layer, the anti-impact capability will increase with the augment of its thickness.