The time has come to recognize the extreme importance of the archaeological sites in Jordan. They provide a wealth evidence and precise information regarding ancient civilizations and cultures. The safeguarding of thi...The time has come to recognize the extreme importance of the archaeological sites in Jordan. They provide a wealth evidence and precise information regarding ancient civilizations and cultures. The safeguarding of this cultural heritage is one of the most urgent priorities, that involve the proper conservation and preservation methods of all artifacts and buildings that have an important artistic and historic value. Conservation is a whole field in regarding the care and treatment of valuable artifacts, both movable and immovable. It has two aspects： （1） the control of the environment--to minimize the decay of artifacts and materials and （2） the treatment of these--in order to stop or slow down any deterioration and to stabilize them where possible against further dilapidation. The museum environment is a limited space dedicated not only to exhibition but also to the appropriate conservation of works of art. This article presents an overview of the types of damage and deterioration that air pollution causes to indoor cultural heritage materials and monuments. It identifies the main damaging air pollutants from outdoor sources to be sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and sulphide gases.展开更多
Forty-five years ago,Joka was just a herder grazing animals on Damxung Grassland in the Tibet Autonomous Region.At that time,the concept of music class did not exist in the curriculum of local elementary schools,so th...Forty-five years ago,Joka was just a herder grazing animals on Damxung Grassland in the Tibet Autonomous Region.At that time,the concept of music class did not exist in the curriculum of local elementary schools,so the boy＇s musical talent originated from the traditional pastoral songs and dances characteristic of his hometown.Nowadays,53-year-old Joka has become the first post-doctoral candidate for professional music composition in China as well as the first Tibetan musicology master and doctor.展开更多
In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using...In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using discourse analysis, I analyse the discursive practices of crisis entrepreneurs in the domain of education in the Netherlands. This paper is part of my Ph.D. project in which I examine the dilemmas encountered by crisis entrepreneurs and the interactional solutions they choose in addressing a crisis. In my Ph.D. project I have analysed how crisis entrepreneurs use discursive practices： （1） to show thefactuality of the problem. For example, the way the problem is presented is too theoretical and is not a problem in reality; （2） to present the credibility of the messenger as an authentic, legitimate spokesman. Crisis entrepreneurs may be accused of wanting to attract attention to their own cause; （3） to create the accountability for the problem and the solution. For example, crisis entrepreneurs can be accused of nursing personal grievances or of drawing attention to the issue without actively attempting to solve it. The conclusion is that a communication professional is able to recognize a problem raised by crisis entrepreneurs. Knowledge of interactional dilemmas helps communication professionals understand the potential of crisis entrepreneurs. A communication professional can therefore contribute to the recognition of crises by acknowledging that a crisis entrepreneur is someone who can have a strong hand in the public agenda, i.e., public affairs that are important to the authorities.展开更多
文摘The time has come to recognize the extreme importance of the archaeological sites in Jordan. They provide a wealth evidence and precise information regarding ancient civilizations and cultures. The safeguarding of this cultural heritage is one of the most urgent priorities, that involve the proper conservation and preservation methods of all artifacts and buildings that have an important artistic and historic value. Conservation is a whole field in regarding the care and treatment of valuable artifacts, both movable and immovable. It has two aspects： （1） the control of the environment--to minimize the decay of artifacts and materials and （2） the treatment of these--in order to stop or slow down any deterioration and to stabilize them where possible against further dilapidation. The museum environment is a limited space dedicated not only to exhibition but also to the appropriate conservation of works of art. This article presents an overview of the types of damage and deterioration that air pollution causes to indoor cultural heritage materials and monuments. It identifies the main damaging air pollutants from outdoor sources to be sulphur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, ozone and sulphide gases.
文摘Forty-five years ago,Joka was just a herder grazing animals on Damxung Grassland in the Tibet Autonomous Region.At that time,the concept of music class did not exist in the curriculum of local elementary schools,so the boy＇s musical talent originated from the traditional pastoral songs and dances characteristic of his hometown.Nowadays,53-year-old Joka has become the first post-doctoral candidate for professional music composition in China as well as the first Tibetan musicology master and doctor.
文摘In this paper I describe the ways in which the communication discipline can make a hidden crisis transparent. For this purpose I examine the concept of crisis entrepreneurship from a communication point of view. Using discourse analysis, I analyse the discursive practices of crisis entrepreneurs in the domain of education in the Netherlands. This paper is part of my Ph.D. project in which I examine the dilemmas encountered by crisis entrepreneurs and the interactional solutions they choose in addressing a crisis. In my Ph.D. project I have analysed how crisis entrepreneurs use discursive practices： （1） to show thefactuality of the problem. For example, the way the problem is presented is too theoretical and is not a problem in reality; （2） to present the credibility of the messenger as an authentic, legitimate spokesman. Crisis entrepreneurs may be accused of wanting to attract attention to their own cause; （3） to create the accountability for the problem and the solution. For example, crisis entrepreneurs can be accused of nursing personal grievances or of drawing attention to the issue without actively attempting to solve it. The conclusion is that a communication professional is able to recognize a problem raised by crisis entrepreneurs. Knowledge of interactional dilemmas helps communication professionals understand the potential of crisis entrepreneurs. A communication professional can therefore contribute to the recognition of crises by acknowledging that a crisis entrepreneur is someone who can have a strong hand in the public agenda, i.e., public affairs that are important to the authorities.
