We surveyed all known wintering areas of the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in Zhigatse Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region during three winters.Our surveys confirm that Zhigatse Prefecture is the most im...We surveyed all known wintering areas of the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in Zhigatse Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region during three winters.Our surveys confirm that Zhigatse Prefecture is the most important wintering area for the species,accounting in some years for as much as 39％ of the estimated world population.Counts ranged from a high of 4240 cranes in January 2007 to a low of 2636 in February 2009.Chick recruitment (chicks/100 cranes) ranged from 8.2 (January 2010) to 11.3 (January 2007).The highest concentration of cranes during all three surveys occurred on the 60 km stretch of the Yarlung Tsangpo (River) between Lhaze and Phuntsoling.To evaluate potential impacts of the Xietongmen Copper Mine,we monitored wintering crane numbers prior to mine installation in an intensive study area located between the Shab Chu Valley and the city of Zhigatse.Our surveys recorded on average 820 ± 83 cranes (SE; n =8) in this area.With the installation of the mine at a location ～50 km west of Zhigatse,increased traffic and development on the north side of the Yarlung River will likely result in a shift in crane distribution away from the north side,to nearby suitable habitats.Based on our survey results,we recommend three areas hosting high numbers of cranes in the vicinity of the mine be added to the Yarlung Tsangpo Middle Reaches Black- necked Crane Nature Reserve.These areas are Nierixiong and Jiaqingze Villages in Nierixiong Xiang and the Shab Chu Valley.展开更多
In this paper, the changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the next 20-30 years (2021-2050) in relative to the present day (1986-2005) under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special ...In this paper, the changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the next 20-30 years (2021-2050) in relative to the present day (1986-2005) under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario are analyzed based on a high-resolution climate change simulation performed by a regional climate model (the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) RegCM3). The extreme indices of summer days (SU), frost days (FD), and growing season length (GSL) for temperature and simple daily intensity index (SDII), number of days with precipitation ≥10 mm d-1 (R10), and consecutive dry days (CDD) for precipitation are used as the indicators of the extremes. The results show that the indices simulated by RegCM3 in the present day show good agreement with the observed. A general increase in SU, a decrease in FD, and an increase in GSL are found to occur in the next 20-30 years over China. A general increase in SDII, an increase in R10 over western China, and a decrease in R10 in north, northeast, and central China are simulated by the model. Changes in CDD are characterized by a decrease in the north and an increase in the south and the Tibetan Plateau.展开更多
Store-operated Ca2+ entry(SOCE) controls intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and regulates a wide range of cellular events including proliferation,migration and invasion.The discovery of STIM proteins as Ca2+ sensors and O...Store-operated Ca2+ entry(SOCE) controls intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and regulates a wide range of cellular events including proliferation,migration and invasion.The discovery of STIM proteins as Ca2+ sensors and Orai proteins as Ca2+ channel pore forming units provided molecular tools to understand the physiological function of SOCE.Many studies have revealed the pathophysiological roles of Orai and STIM in tumor cells.This review focuses on recent advances in SOCE and its contribution to tumorigenesis.Altered Orai and/or STIM functions may serve as biomarkers for cancer prognosis,and targeting the SOCE pathway may provide a novel means for cancer treatment.展开更多
Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and...Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and forming the plateau landscape. In company with uplifting and northward extruding of the Tibetan plateau, the contractional tectonic deformations persistently spread outward, building a gigantic basin-range system around the Tibetan plateau. This system is herein termed as the Cir- cure-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, in which the global largest diffuse and the most energetic intra-continental defor- mations were involved, and populations of inheritance foreland basins or thrust belts were developed along the margins of an- cient cratonic plates due to the effects of the cratonic amalgamation, crust differentiation, orogen rejuvenation, and basin sub- sidence. There are three primary tectonic units in the Circum-Tibet Plateau Basin-Range System, which are the reactivated an- cient orogens, the foreland thrust belts, and the miniature cratonic basins. The Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System is a gigantic deformation system and particular Himalayan tectonic domain in central-western China and is comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. In this system, northward and eastward developments of thrust deformations exhibit an arc-shaped area along the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian-Longmenshan mountain belts, and further expand outward to the Altai-Yinshan-Luliangshan- Huayingshan mountain belts during the Late Cenozoic sustained collision of Indo-Asia. Intense intra-continental deformations lead ancient orogens to rejuvenate, young foreland basins to form in-between orogens and cratons, and thrusts to propagate from orogens to cratons in successive order. Driven by the Eurasia-Indian collision and its far field effects, both deformation and basin-range couplings in the arc-shaped area decrease from south to north. When a single basin-range unit is focused on, deformations become younger and younger together with more and more simple structural styles from piedmonts to craton in- teriors. In the Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, it presents three segmented tectonic deformational patterns： prop- agating in the west, growth-overthrusting in the middle, and slip-uplifting in the east. For natural gas exploration, two tectonic units, both the Paleozoic cratonic basins and the Cenozoic foreland thrust belts, are important because hydrocarbon in cen- tral-western China is preserved mainly in the Paleozoic cratonic paleo-highs and the Meso-Cenozoic foreland thrust belts, to- gether with characteristics of multiphrase hydrocarbon generation but late accumulation and enrichment.展开更多
文摘We surveyed all known wintering areas of the Black-necked Crane (Grus nigricollis) in Zhigatse Prefecture of the Tibet Autonomous Region during three winters.Our surveys confirm that Zhigatse Prefecture is the most important wintering area for the species,accounting in some years for as much as 39％ of the estimated world population.Counts ranged from a high of 4240 cranes in January 2007 to a low of 2636 in February 2009.Chick recruitment (chicks/100 cranes) ranged from 8.2 (January 2010) to 11.3 (January 2007).The highest concentration of cranes during all three surveys occurred on the 60 km stretch of the Yarlung Tsangpo (River) between Lhaze and Phuntsoling.To evaluate potential impacts of the Xietongmen Copper Mine,we monitored wintering crane numbers prior to mine installation in an intensive study area located between the Shab Chu Valley and the city of Zhigatse.Our surveys recorded on average 820 ± 83 cranes (SE; n =8) in this area.With the installation of the mine at a location ～50 km west of Zhigatse,increased traffic and development on the north side of the Yarlung River will likely result in a shift in crane distribution away from the north side,to nearby suitable habitats.Based on our survey results,we recommend three areas hosting high numbers of cranes in the vicinity of the mine be added to the Yarlung Tsangpo Middle Reaches Black- necked Crane Nature Reserve.These areas are Nierixiong and Jiaqingze Villages in Nierixiong Xiang and the Shab Chu Valley.
基金supported by the National Basic Research Program of China(Grant No.2009CB421407)the China-UK-Swiss Adapting to Climate Change in China Project (ACCC)-Climate Science
文摘In this paper, the changes in temperature and precipitation extremes over the next 20-30 years (2021-2050) in relative to the present day (1986-2005) under the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario are analyzed based on a high-resolution climate change simulation performed by a regional climate model (the Abdus Salam International Center for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) RegCM3). The extreme indices of summer days (SU), frost days (FD), and growing season length (GSL) for temperature and simple daily intensity index (SDII), number of days with precipitation ≥10 mm d-1 (R10), and consecutive dry days (CDD) for precipitation are used as the indicators of the extremes. The results show that the indices simulated by RegCM3 in the present day show good agreement with the observed. A general increase in SU, a decrease in FD, and an increase in GSL are found to occur in the next 20-30 years over China. A general increase in SDII, an increase in R10 over western China, and a decrease in R10 in north, northeast, and central China are simulated by the model. Changes in CDD are characterized by a decrease in the north and an increase in the south and the Tibetan Plateau.
文摘Store-operated Ca2+ entry(SOCE) controls intracellular Ca2+ homeostasis and regulates a wide range of cellular events including proliferation,migration and invasion.The discovery of STIM proteins as Ca2+ sensors and Orai proteins as Ca2+ channel pore forming units provided molecular tools to understand the physiological function of SOCE.Many studies have revealed the pathophysiological roles of Orai and STIM in tumor cells.This review focuses on recent advances in SOCE and its contribution to tumorigenesis.Altered Orai and/or STIM functions may serve as biomarkers for cancer prognosis,and targeting the SOCE pathway may provide a novel means for cancer treatment.
基金supported by the National Science and Technology Major Project of China(Grant No.2011ZX05003-002)
文摘Northward subduction of the Cenozoic Tethys ocean caused the convergence and collision of Eurasia-Indian Plates, resulting in the lower crust thickening, the upper crust thrusting, and the Qinghai-Tibet uplifting, and forming the plateau landscape. In company with uplifting and northward extruding of the Tibetan plateau, the contractional tectonic deformations persistently spread outward, building a gigantic basin-range system around the Tibetan plateau. This system is herein termed as the Cir- cure-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, in which the global largest diffuse and the most energetic intra-continental defor- mations were involved, and populations of inheritance foreland basins or thrust belts were developed along the margins of an- cient cratonic plates due to the effects of the cratonic amalgamation, crust differentiation, orogen rejuvenation, and basin sub- sidence. There are three primary tectonic units in the Circum-Tibet Plateau Basin-Range System, which are the reactivated an- cient orogens, the foreland thrust belts, and the miniature cratonic basins. The Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System is a gigantic deformation system and particular Himalayan tectonic domain in central-western China and is comparable to the Tibetan Plateau. In this system, northward and eastward developments of thrust deformations exhibit an arc-shaped area along the Kunlun-Altyn-Qilian-Longmenshan mountain belts, and further expand outward to the Altai-Yinshan-Luliangshan- Huayingshan mountain belts during the Late Cenozoic sustained collision of Indo-Asia. Intense intra-continental deformations lead ancient orogens to rejuvenate, young foreland basins to form in-between orogens and cratons, and thrusts to propagate from orogens to cratons in successive order. Driven by the Eurasia-Indian collision and its far field effects, both deformation and basin-range couplings in the arc-shaped area decrease from south to north. When a single basin-range unit is focused on, deformations become younger and younger together with more and more simple structural styles from piedmonts to craton in- teriors. In the Circum-Tibetan Plateau Basin-Range System, it presents three segmented tectonic deformational patterns： prop- agating in the west, growth-overthrusting in the middle, and slip-uplifting in the east. For natural gas exploration, two tectonic units, both the Paleozoic cratonic basins and the Cenozoic foreland thrust belts, are important because hydrocarbon in cen- tral-western China is preserved mainly in the Paleozoic cratonic paleo-highs and the Meso-Cenozoic foreland thrust belts, to- gether with characteristics of multiphrase hydrocarbon generation but late accumulation and enrichment.
