藜子70%醇提物对变态反应的抑制作用

目的 :观察藜子醇提物对速发型及迟发型变态反应的作用 ,探讨其止痒作用机制及其作为地肤子代用品使用的合理性。方法 :大鼠或小鼠皮内注射大鼠抗卵白蛋白抗血清诱导被动皮肤过敏反应 ,以SRBC或PC诱导小鼠迟发型变态反应。体外试验以3H TdR掺入法观察小鼠淋巴细胞增殖反应。结果 :藜子 70 %醇提物 40 0mg/kgig可明显抑制大鼠同种被动皮肤过敏反应及颅骨膜肥大细胞脱颗粒 ;2 0 0、40 0mg/kgig可减轻小鼠异种耳被动皮肤过敏反应及组胺所致足肿胀。藜子醇提物 40 0mg/kg于抗原攻击后给药可抑制SRBC或PC诱导的小鼠迟发型变态反应 ,而在抗原攻击前给药则无明显影响。体外试验藜子醇提物 1 2 5、2 5 0 μg/ml对小鼠脾淋巴细胞增殖无明显影响 ,当浓度升至 5 0 0 μg/ml时则呈明显的抑制作用。 结论 :藜子的止痒功效可能与其对速发型变态反应的抑制作用有关 ;藜子抑制Ⅰ、Ⅳ型变态反应的作用特征与地肤子十分相似 ,提示其可作为后者的代用品用于治疗变态反应性疾病。

蒺藜子的传说与应用

一、美丽的传说 相传,唐玄宗有一女儿名为永乐公主,自幼体弱多病。到了十三四岁时,还是一个瘦骨伶仃的黄毛丫头,整天病怏怏的。在永乐公主十五岁那年,发生了＂安史之乱＂。

藜麦开花期干旱胁迫对其形态特征及生理特性的影响

为探究干旱胁迫对开花期藜麦形态特征的影响,以陇藜1号、青藜1号两个藜麦品种为试验材料,以正常灌溉为对照,设置3个干旱胁迫强度处理,在藜麦开花期进行干旱胁迫15 d后,测定各处理植株叶片相对含水量、叶比重、过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性、丙二醛(MDA)含量等生理指标,干旱胁迫15 d后恢复正常灌水,成熟时测定植株高度、主穗长和有效分枝数。结果表明,植株叶片相对含水量和叶比重随土壤水分的降低而下降,不同程度干旱胁迫处理对叶片相对含水量影响差异不显著,但对叶比重影响显著;MDA含量、CAT活性也与干旱胁迫程度呈正相关,即随干旱胁迫强度的加重而上升。干旱胁迫处理后,植株高度、主穗长和有效分枝数下降,但轻度和中度干旱胁迫对株高、主穗长度影响差异不显著,重度干旱胁迫显著影响株高和主穗长,中度和重度干旱胁迫显著影响有效分枝数。说明开花期适度干旱胁迫对藜麦形态特征影响不大。

给放化疗患者更多爱“硒”

相传，唐玄宗的女儿永乐公主年幼时体弱多病，14岁时还是一个赢弱憔悴的丑丫头。在她15岁那年，爆发了“安史之乱”，永乐公主随皇帝出逃，流落到陕西沙苑一带。从此小公主便以当地产的蒺藜子为茶。不料，她渐渐病退，两三年后竟变得婀娜娇美，楚楚动人。“安史之乱”平定后，永乐公主回宫时便随身带了一些蒺藜子，并把它送给皇兄肃宗皇帝饮用，几十天后肃宗感到自己耳更聪、目更明、精力倍增。从此，蒺藜子被视为灵丹妙药而名扬天下。

Comparison of Genomic DNA Extraction Methods for Chenopodium quinoa Willd

To rapidly obtain high-quality genomic DNA from Chenopodium quinoa Willd, the genomic DAN in different tissues （leaves, stems and roots） of Chenopodi- um quinoa Willd was extracted by modified CTAB method, SDS method and high- salt Iow-pH method, respectively. The quality and yield of extracted DNA was deter- mined using agarose gel electrophoresis and UV spectrophotometry. At the same time, the PCR-SSR and SSCP molecular detection was also performed. The results showed that the gel test strips, without obvious decomposition, of all the extraction methods were relatively obvious; the genomic DNA yield extracted by modified CTAB method was highest, followed by that by SDS method, and the genomic DNA extracted by high-salt Iow-pH method was lowest： the genomic DNA yields extracted by different methods from Chenopodium quinoa Wiltd leaves were all high- er than those from roots and stems; the quality of Chenopodium quinoa Willd ge- nomic DNA extracted by modified CTAB method and high-salt Iow-pH method was better, and polyphenols, polysaccharides and other impurities were removed more completely. The PCR-SSR and SSCP detection results showed that the genomic DNA extracted by different methods from different tissues of Chenopodium quinoa Willd all could be better amplified, and high-quality strips could be obtained. So the Chenopodium quinoa Willd genomic DNA extracted by the three methods all can be used for subsequent molecular biology research.

解读《神农本草经》30

蒺藜子 原文：蒺藜子，味苦，温。主恶血，破症结，秘聚，喉痹，乳难。久服长肌肉，明日，轻身。一名旁通，一名屈人，一名豺羽，一名升推。

Genetic Variation in Morphophysiological Characters of Seeds of Ceratoides arborescens,a Species Endemic to China

[Objective] The research aimed at investigating the variation in morpho-physiological characteristics of Ceratoides arborescens seeds from Inner Mongolia grassland.[Method] The seeds of six wild C.arborescens populations were collected from Siwangziqi,Xilinhaote,Keshiketengqi and Wengniuteqi in Inner Mongolia grassland;then a total of eight indicators of seed morphology and germination traits were determined,respectively.[Result] There was wide variation in seed traits among different populations of C.arborescens.The variation within the populations was higher than that among the populations,which meant that C.arborescens had a strong adaptability to environment pressure.The seed traits shared a significant positive correlation with each other（r0.931,P0.01）.The three germination-related indices including seed germination rate,germination index,vitality index had significant positive correlations with each other（r 0.836,P0.01）and with seed setting rate（r0.896,P0.01）,but shared weak correlations with morphological traits.There were significant correlations between pappus length and longitude,rainfall,as well as between seed width and temperature,rainfall（r0.801,P0.01）.[Conclusion] The research will provide reference for the seed breeding and collection of germplasm resource.We suggest that collecting seeds from various individuals from each populations will be the preferred strategy to initiate plant improvement program of the species and for gene conservation in seed banks.

Veratraldehyde as Corrosion Inhibitor for Mild Steel in Different Acid Medium

Veratraldehyde was tested as a corrosion inhibitor for mild steel in I M HCI and 0.5 M H2SO4 separately using mass loss and electrochemical studies. The inhibition efficiencies were evaluated at different concentrations of the inhibitor at different temperatures. The inhibition efficiency increased with increase in inhibitor concentration and decreased with increase in temperature in both the acid solutions. Electrochemical studies showed that the inhibitor is of mixed type with a slight predominance of anodic character. The inhibitor was more active in HCI than in H2SO4. The maximum inhibition efficiency approached at 1000 ppm in both the acid medium. The inhibitor was found to adsorb on the mild steel surface according to the Langmuir adsorption isotherm. The surface morphology of mild steel in the presence and absence of inhibitor was studied by using scanning electron microscopic （SEM） images.

Effect of resveratrol on activation of nuclear factor kappa-B and inflammatory factors in rat model of acute pancreatitis

AIM: To observe the effect of resveratrol on nuclear factor Kappa-B (NF-κB) activation and the inflammatory response in sodium taurocholate-induced pancreatitis in rats. METHODS: Seventy-two male SD rats were randomly divided into three groups: sham operation group (control), severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) group, and severe acute pancreatitis group treated with resveratrol (RES). A SAP model was established by injecting 4% sodium taurocholate 1 mL/kg through puncturing the pancreatic duct. In Res group, Res was given at 30 mg/kg b.m. intraperitoneally after the SAP model was successfully established. Eight animals from each group were sacrificed at 3, 6 and 12 h after modeling. The expression of NF-κB activation of pancreas was detected by irnmunohistochemical staining, whereas the levels of TNF-α and IL-8 in pancreatic tissues were estimated by radioimrnunoassay. The pathological changes of pancreas and lungs were examined microscopically. RESULTS: Much less hyperemia, edema, dust-colored necrotic focus and soaps were noticed in pancreas in RES group than in SAP group. In RES group, hemorrhage, exudates and infiltration of inflammatory cells in pancreas and interstitial edema, destruction of alveolar wall in lung were significantly less than in SAP group. In the SAP group, the activation of NF-κB in pancreatic tissues was enhanced significantly at any measure point compared with control group (64.23±10.72% vs 2.56±0.65%, 55.86±11.34% vs 2.32±0.42%, 36.23±2.30% vs 2.40±0.36%,P<0.01), TNF-α, IL-8 were also increased and reached their peak at 6 h and then declined. The activation of NF-κB and the levels of TNF-α and IL-8 in RES group were significantly lower than those in SAP group (P<0.01): activation (52.63±9.45% vs 64.23±10.72%, 40.52±8.40% vs 55.86±11.34%, 29.83±5.37% vs 36.23±2.30%), TNF-α (132.76±15.68 pg/mL vs 158.36±12.58 pg/mL, 220.32±23.57 pg/mL vs 247.67± 11.62 pg/mL, 175.68±18.43 pg/mL vs 197.35±12.57 pg/mL) and IL-8 (0.62±0.21 μg/L vs 0.83±0.10 μg/L, 1.10±0.124 μg/L vs1.32±0.18 μg/L, 0.98±0.16 μg/L vs 1.27±0.23μg/L). CONCLUSION: The activation of NF-KB is involved in the inflammatory response of rats with SAP. Resveratrol could effectively inhibit the expression of NF-κB activation, alleviate the severity of SAP through its anti-inflammatory effects and regulate the inflammatory mediators.

The Effect of Air Pollution on Chenopodium album L. Pollen Structure

Air pollution is harm and discomfort to human or other living organisms, it also causes damage to the environment. The aim of this project was to study the effect of air pollutions on structure and pollen grains development in Chenopodium album. Anthers of Chenopodium album L. were collected at different stages of development from control （less polluted） and polluted areas （mainly SO2, NO2, CO and APM）. Structure and development of pollen grains were studied and compared. The effects of pollution on pollen structure was investigated under Light and Scanning electron microscopy and the results showed that when pollen grains were exposed to polluted air they became abnormality in form and covered with large amounts of pollutants compared to control ones. Pollen abnormalities were seen as irregularity, shrinkage, thinning and breakage of the exine. Cellular material release was induced also. The data presented suggest that prolonged exposures of plants to air pollution may cause different biological effects at the cellular tissue and organ levels.

Effects of Aqueous Extracts of Seeds of Peganum harmala L. （zygophyllaceae） on 5th Stage Larvae Locusta migratoria cinerascens （Fabricius, 1781） （ Orthoptera： Oedipodinae）

The study has for objective the determination of the efficiency of the aqueous extracts from seeds of Peganum harmala L. on the mortality of the larvas of 5th stage and on the fertility of the female adults of Locusta migratoria cinerascens. For that purpose, a breeding of to custs was realized in th e conditions of labor atories. At hatching, the larvae are fed daily basis lawn Stenotaphrum americanum and a pro tein supplement of wheat b ran. The extraction of the aqueous extract of the seeds of P. harmala is done after maceration in the ethanol, under magnetic stirring using a rotavapor. To determine larval mortality L5, two modes of treatment have been made, one by contact and another by ingestion, using for both treatment 4 doses in a geometric progression, 0.03 mg/mL, 0.06 mg/mL, 0.12 mg/mL and 24 mg/mL. The results showed that the mortality for the doses of 0.12 mg/mL and 0.24 mg/mL, reaches respectively 40% and 60% on the 3rd day, as well for the treatment by contact as by ingestion. But the LD50 for ingestion treatment is lower. It is 0.19 mg/mL contrary to that of the contact treatment （0.19 mg/mL）. The larvae that survived the treatment by ingestion, have suffered morphological changes as well as physiological which consist of a deformation of the wings, delayed of the larval molt, of 6 day s, b locking the fledg ing, the change of the pigmentation as well as an extension of the preoviposition. Fertility was also affected and females lay only twice, a small number of eggs, unlike untreated females which come to lay 3 times with an average of 62.7 eggs/female at first spawning against 50 eggs for the females treated.

给放化疗患者更多爱“硒”

相传,唐玄宗的女儿永乐公主年幼时体弱多病。十四岁时还是一个赢弱憔悴的丑丫头。在她十五岁那年，爆发了“安史之乱”，永乐公主随皇帝出逃，流落到陕西沙苑一带。从此小公主便以当地产的蒺藜子为茶。不料,她渐渐病退。两三年后竟变得婀娜娇美，楚楚动人。“安史之乱”平定后，永乐公主回宫时便随身带了一些蒺藜子，并把它送给皇兄肃宗皇帝饮用，几十天后肃宗感到自己耳更聪，目更明，精力倍增。从此，蒺藜子被视为灵丹妙药而名扬天下。