Pectenotoxins (PTXs) are a group of marine algal toxins. In this study, the accumulation and depuration of pectenotoxins in brown crab Cancer pagurus were investigated. Crabs were fed with toxic blue mussels Mytilus e...Pectenotoxins (PTXs) are a group of marine algal toxins. In this study, the accumulation and depuration of pectenotoxins in brown crab Cancer pagurus were investigated. Crabs were fed with toxic blue mussels Mytilus edulis for 21 days and then depurated for 42 days. Toxins were extracted with methanol from the digestive glands of contaminated crabs, uncontaminated crabs (control group) and from blue mussels for comparison. Extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The concentrations of PTX-2, PTX-2 SA, 7-epi-PTX-2 SA, and PTX-12 were analyzed in two batches of toxic blue mussels and the crabs. A one-compartment model was applied to describe the depuration of PTXs. The half-life of PTXs was estimated to be 6–7.5 days. After depuration for 42 days, the amount of PTXs measured in the crab digestive glands was less than 1 μg/kg.展开更多
Using a PSP （paralytic shellfish poisoning） toxin-producing strain of4lexandrium tamarense, it studied the timing of toxin accumulation and elimination of PSP toxins in Argopectens irradias. The PSP toxicity was stu...Using a PSP （paralytic shellfish poisoning） toxin-producing strain of4lexandrium tamarense, it studied the timing of toxin accumulation and elimination of PSP toxins in Argopectens irradias. The PSP toxicity was studied by following the standard PSP mouse bioassay developed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists （AOAC）. Alexandrium tamarense was cultured to an average density of 1.26 × 10^4/mL for a total of about 50 L culture. The toxicity of the alga was 2.18 ×10^-6 MU/cell. The results show that PSP content increased with time in both visceral and muscle tissue during a two-week accumulation period during which scallops were fed with ,4. tamarense. The average toxin level in scallop＇s viscera was 49.4 MU/g, with an average of 10.0 MU/g in muscle tissue. This level is 2.5 times higher than the sanitation standard （4.0 MU/g of muscles）. The highest value was 61.0 MU/g in the viscera. In summary, the viscera accumulated greater concentrations of toxin than muscle tissue. Scallops that had accumulated toxins were transplanted for two weeks into a field environment containing no toxic algae. The PSP content of the scallops decreased to 7.9 MU/g viscera and 1.6 MU/g muscles two weeks after being transplanted, but did not reach the sanitation standard. Under the experimental conditions, the toxin depuration rate of shellfish toxin was 12% daily. This study worked toward the development of a sanitary shellfish industry and better management of PSP toxin-impacted shellfish in China.展开更多
基金Supported by Norwegian Education Funding "Quata"(2005)
文摘Pectenotoxins (PTXs) are a group of marine algal toxins. In this study, the accumulation and depuration of pectenotoxins in brown crab Cancer pagurus were investigated. Crabs were fed with toxic blue mussels Mytilus edulis for 21 days and then depurated for 42 days. Toxins were extracted with methanol from the digestive glands of contaminated crabs, uncontaminated crabs (control group) and from blue mussels for comparison. Extracts were analyzed by liquid chromatograph coupled with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS-MS). The concentrations of PTX-2, PTX-2 SA, 7-epi-PTX-2 SA, and PTX-12 were analyzed in two batches of toxic blue mussels and the crabs. A one-compartment model was applied to describe the depuration of PTXs. The half-life of PTXs was estimated to be 6–7.5 days. After depuration for 42 days, the amount of PTXs measured in the crab digestive glands was less than 1 μg/kg.
文摘Using a PSP （paralytic shellfish poisoning） toxin-producing strain of4lexandrium tamarense, it studied the timing of toxin accumulation and elimination of PSP toxins in Argopectens irradias. The PSP toxicity was studied by following the standard PSP mouse bioassay developed by the Association of Official Analytical Chemists （AOAC）. Alexandrium tamarense was cultured to an average density of 1.26 × 10^4/mL for a total of about 50 L culture. The toxicity of the alga was 2.18 ×10^-6 MU/cell. The results show that PSP content increased with time in both visceral and muscle tissue during a two-week accumulation period during which scallops were fed with ,4. tamarense. The average toxin level in scallop＇s viscera was 49.4 MU/g, with an average of 10.0 MU/g in muscle tissue. This level is 2.5 times higher than the sanitation standard （4.0 MU/g of muscles）. The highest value was 61.0 MU/g in the viscera. In summary, the viscera accumulated greater concentrations of toxin than muscle tissue. Scallops that had accumulated toxins were transplanted for two weeks into a field environment containing no toxic algae. The PSP content of the scallops decreased to 7.9 MU/g viscera and 1.6 MU/g muscles two weeks after being transplanted, but did not reach the sanitation standard. Under the experimental conditions, the toxin depuration rate of shellfish toxin was 12% daily. This study worked toward the development of a sanitary shellfish industry and better management of PSP toxin-impacted shellfish in China.
