We recorded and described the calls and acoustic characteristics of the male tiger frog,Hoplobatrachus rugulosus,in an artificial pond during mating season.Spectral and temporal call parameters,along with call intensi...We recorded and described the calls and acoustic characteristics of the male tiger frog,Hoplobatrachus rugulosus,in an artificial pond during mating season.Spectral and temporal call parameters,along with call intensity were analyzed.Three harmonics were distinguishable from the spectrogram.Four patterns of dominant frequency were found in calls produced late at night,i.e,3 patterns in the first harmonic（located in 500 Hz section,700 Hz section,and 800 Hz section respectively） and 1 in the second harmonic（located in 1 800 Hz section）.Call duration,call duty cycle,call intensity,and pulse rate were highly variable among different patterns of dominant frequency.These call properties could provide valuable evidence for further ecological study of this species.展开更多
Mating decisions can be affected by intrasexual competition and sensitive to operational sex-ratio （OSR） changes in the population. Conceptually, it is assumed that both male and female matecompetition may interfere...Mating decisions can be affected by intrasexual competition and sensitive to operational sex-ratio （OSR） changes in the population. Conceptually, it is assumed that both male and female matecompetition may interfere with female reproductive decisions. Experimentally, however, the focus has been on the effect of male competition on mate choice. In many species with paternal care as in the common goby Pomatoschistus microps, the OSR is often female-biased and female matecompetition for access to available nesting males occurs. Using the same protocol for 3 experi- ments testing the effect of a perceived risk of female mate-competition, I studied female preferences for nest-holding males differing in its nest size （large/small）, body size （large/small）, and nest status （with/without eggs already in nest） and measured mating decisions, spawning latencies, and clutch size. Regardless of the social context, females preferred males with larger nests. A preference for large males was only expressed in presence of additional females. For nest status, there was a tendency for females to prefer mating with males with an empty nest. Here, female-female competition increased the propensity to mate. The results of this study show that females are sensitive to a female competitive social environment and suggest that in choice situations, females respond to the social context mainly by mating decisions per se rather than by adjusting the clutch size or spawning latency. Females base their mating decisions not only on a male＇s nest size but also on male size as an additional cue of mate quality in the presence of additional females.展开更多
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(30770310,30970435)Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Y307453)
文摘We recorded and described the calls and acoustic characteristics of the male tiger frog,Hoplobatrachus rugulosus,in an artificial pond during mating season.Spectral and temporal call parameters,along with call intensity were analyzed.Three harmonics were distinguishable from the spectrogram.Four patterns of dominant frequency were found in calls produced late at night,i.e,3 patterns in the first harmonic（located in 500 Hz section,700 Hz section,and 800 Hz section respectively） and 1 in the second harmonic（located in 1 800 Hz section）.Call duration,call duty cycle,call intensity,and pulse rate were highly variable among different patterns of dominant frequency.These call properties could provide valuable evidence for further ecological study of this species.
文摘Mating decisions can be affected by intrasexual competition and sensitive to operational sex-ratio （OSR） changes in the population. Conceptually, it is assumed that both male and female matecompetition may interfere with female reproductive decisions. Experimentally, however, the focus has been on the effect of male competition on mate choice. In many species with paternal care as in the common goby Pomatoschistus microps, the OSR is often female-biased and female matecompetition for access to available nesting males occurs. Using the same protocol for 3 experi- ments testing the effect of a perceived risk of female mate-competition, I studied female preferences for nest-holding males differing in its nest size （large/small）, body size （large/small）, and nest status （with/without eggs already in nest） and measured mating decisions, spawning latencies, and clutch size. Regardless of the social context, females preferred males with larger nests. A preference for large males was only expressed in presence of additional females. For nest status, there was a tendency for females to prefer mating with males with an empty nest. Here, female-female competition increased the propensity to mate. The results of this study show that females are sensitive to a female competitive social environment and suggest that in choice situations, females respond to the social context mainly by mating decisions per se rather than by adjusting the clutch size or spawning latency. Females base their mating decisions not only on a male＇s nest size but also on male size as an additional cue of mate quality in the presence of additional females.
