评“基于小波变换的多分辨信号波达方向估计法”

从信号泄漏和空间模糊的角度出发,详细分析了一种基于小波分解的多分辨信号波达方向估计方法(WD MDoA)并指出其缺陷。WD MDoA方法的基本思路是通过小波变换,把接收的阵元数据在空间上分解成多个子带,然后对每个子带进行波达方向估计。分析表明:对于WD MDoA方法,把接收的阵元数据在空间上被分解成多个子带后,如果某个子带外存在其它来波信号时,对该子带进行波达方向估计会产生虚假估计。因此,WD MDoA方法存在着较大的缺陷,计算机仿真结果验证了这个结论。

Statistical condition assessment of existing structures using virtual work error estimator

A statistical damage detection and condition assessment scheme for existing structures is developed. First a virtual work error estimator is defined to express the discrepancy between a real structure and its analytical model, with which a system identification algorithm is derived by using the improved Newton method. In order to investigate its properties in the face of measurement errors, the Monte Carlo method is introduced to simulate the measured data. Based on the identified results, their statistical distributions can be assumed, the status of an existing structure can be statistically evaluated by hypothesis tests. A 5-story, two-bay steel frame is used to carry out numerical simulation studies in detail, and the proposed scheme is proved to be effective.

多变量稳健总体最小二乘平差方法

分析指出了在总体最小二乘解下,含有多列独立变量的(以下简称为多变量)变量含误差(errors-invariables, EIV)模型,其各列变量的改正数受对应的参数估值与观测向量先验精度的联合影响,参数估值与观测向量先验精度的乘积越大,则该列变量的改正数越大。因此,现有稳健总体最小二乘方法采用同一个单位权中误差对多变量EIV模型进行降权处理时,会优先对模型中的某一列变量进行降权处理,从而造成平差结果不合理甚至错误,称之为虚假稳健估计现象。鉴于此,提出了多变量稳健总体最小二乘平差方法,并导出了相应的参数估计与精度评定公式。该方法对含有粗差的多变量EIV模型的各列独立变量分别进行降权处理,从而避免虚假稳健估计现象的发生。仿真算例结果表明,当观测值含有粗差时,该方法能够有效避免虚假稳健估计现象的发生,并能够定位出粗差所对应的误差方程;相较于总体最小二乘和稳健最小二乘方法,该方法的参数估计结果更接近真值。