自2020年我国推行法定数字货币试点后,由于其法律属性尚未完全明确,技术构成存在复杂性和融合性。在数字货币与实体货币共同存在以及电子商务高速发展的背景下,法定数字货币的性质和属性需要厘清其与虚拟货币、私人数字货币和移动支付...自2020年我国推行法定数字货币试点后,由于其法律属性尚未完全明确,技术构成存在复杂性和融合性。在数字货币与实体货币共同存在以及电子商务高速发展的背景下,法定数字货币的性质和属性需要厘清其与虚拟货币、私人数字货币和移动支付等概念需要加以区分和辨别。基于此,法定数字货币会带来许多变革:一是数字货币犯罪的法益会因其属性的不同而扩大,二是相关的具体的犯罪构成会与现有货币犯罪体系产生差异,三是使刑法的犯罪预防功能在数字货币领域产生缺失。对于这些问题,短期内可以通过刑法解释进行调整和管控,但长期来看,进行立法规制更符合刑法效益和社会发展需要。本文通过分析数字货币犯罪的性质和特征来剖析其内部逻辑,进一步论述其存在的法律问题并分别从理论和实际的角度加以分析,最后对数字货币犯罪进行的刑法规制途径的可能性进行探讨。数字货币犯罪作为新型犯罪,必将对现有刑法体系造成冲击,对其进行刑法规制有必要性。Since the 21st century, e-commerce has rapidly developed, with an increasing connection to “online payments” and cryptocurrencies. Since the implementation of the legal digital currency pilot project in China in 2020, the legal nature of digital currencies remains unclear, with complex and converging technical components. With the coexistence of digital and fiat currencies and the rapid growth of e-commerce, it is essential to clarify the nature and attributes of legal digital currencies and distinguish them from concepts such as virtual currencies, private digital currencies, and mobile payments. Legal digital currencies will bring about significant changes: firstly, the scope of cryptocurrency crimes will expand due to their different attributes;secondly, the specific criminal compositions will differ from existing monetary crime systems;thirdly, there will be a lack of crime prevention functions in the field of digital currencies within criminal law. In the short term, adjustments and controls can be made through judicial interpretations, but in the long run, legislative regulations are more in line with the effectiveness of criminal law and the needs of social development. This paper explores the trends of cryptocurrency crimes and issues of criminal law regulation in the context of e-commerce from three perspectives: analysing the nature of cryptocurrency crimes to dissect their internal logic;discussing the legal issues surrounding cryptocurrency crimes from theoretical and practical angles;and exploring the possibilities of criminal law regulation approaches for cryptocurrency crimes. As a new type of crime, cryptocurrency crimes will undoubtedly impact the existing criminal law system, making it necessary to regulate them under criminal law.展开更多
文摘自2020年我国推行法定数字货币试点后,由于其法律属性尚未完全明确,技术构成存在复杂性和融合性。在数字货币与实体货币共同存在以及电子商务高速发展的背景下,法定数字货币的性质和属性需要厘清其与虚拟货币、私人数字货币和移动支付等概念需要加以区分和辨别。基于此,法定数字货币会带来许多变革:一是数字货币犯罪的法益会因其属性的不同而扩大,二是相关的具体的犯罪构成会与现有货币犯罪体系产生差异,三是使刑法的犯罪预防功能在数字货币领域产生缺失。对于这些问题,短期内可以通过刑法解释进行调整和管控,但长期来看,进行立法规制更符合刑法效益和社会发展需要。本文通过分析数字货币犯罪的性质和特征来剖析其内部逻辑,进一步论述其存在的法律问题并分别从理论和实际的角度加以分析,最后对数字货币犯罪进行的刑法规制途径的可能性进行探讨。数字货币犯罪作为新型犯罪,必将对现有刑法体系造成冲击,对其进行刑法规制有必要性。Since the 21st century, e-commerce has rapidly developed, with an increasing connection to “online payments” and cryptocurrencies. Since the implementation of the legal digital currency pilot project in China in 2020, the legal nature of digital currencies remains unclear, with complex and converging technical components. With the coexistence of digital and fiat currencies and the rapid growth of e-commerce, it is essential to clarify the nature and attributes of legal digital currencies and distinguish them from concepts such as virtual currencies, private digital currencies, and mobile payments. Legal digital currencies will bring about significant changes: firstly, the scope of cryptocurrency crimes will expand due to their different attributes;secondly, the specific criminal compositions will differ from existing monetary crime systems;thirdly, there will be a lack of crime prevention functions in the field of digital currencies within criminal law. In the short term, adjustments and controls can be made through judicial interpretations, but in the long run, legislative regulations are more in line with the effectiveness of criminal law and the needs of social development. This paper explores the trends of cryptocurrency crimes and issues of criminal law regulation in the context of e-commerce from three perspectives: analysing the nature of cryptocurrency crimes to dissect their internal logic;discussing the legal issues surrounding cryptocurrency crimes from theoretical and practical angles;and exploring the possibilities of criminal law regulation approaches for cryptocurrency crimes. As a new type of crime, cryptocurrency crimes will undoubtedly impact the existing criminal law system, making it necessary to regulate them under criminal law.
