AIM： To develop a fusion vaccine of esophageal carcinoma cells and dendritic cells （DC） and observe its protective and therapeutic effect against esophageal carcinoma cell line 109 （EC109）. METHODS： The fusion v...AIM： To develop a fusion vaccine of esophageal carcinoma cells and dendritic cells （DC） and observe its protective and therapeutic effect against esophageal carcinoma cell line 109 （EC109）. METHODS： The fusion vaccine was produced by fusing traditional polyethyleneglycol （PEG）, inducing cytokine, sorting CD34＋ magnetic microbead marker and magnetic cell system （MACS）. The liver, spleen and lung were pathologically tested after injection of the fusion vaccine. To study the therapeutic and protective effect of the fusion vaccine against tumor EC109, mice were divided immune group and therapeutic group. The immune group was divided into P, E, D and ED subgroups, immunized by phosphate buffered solution （PBS）, inactivated EC109, DC and the fusion vaccine respectively, and attacked by EC109 cells. The tumor size, weight, latent period and mouse survival period were recorded and statistically analyzed. The therapeutic group was divided into four subgroups： P, inactivated EC109, D and ED subgroups, which were attacked by EC109 and then treated with PBS, inactivated EC109, DC, and EC109-DC respectively. Pathology and flow cytometry were also used to study the therapeutic effect of the fusion vaccine against EC109 cells.RESULTS： Flow cytometry showed that the expression of folate receptor （FR）, EC109 （C）, Des （D） in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line （HNE1） （B） was 78.21%, 89.50%, and 0.18%, respectively. The fusion cells （C） were highly expressed. No tumor was found in the spleen, lung and liver after injection of the fusion vaccine. Human IgG was tested in peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBL）. In the immune group, the latent period was longer in EC109-DC subgroup than in other subgroups, while the tumor size and weight were also smaller than those in ED subgroup. In the therapeutic group, the tumor size and weight were smaller in ED subgroup than in P, inactivated EC109 and DC subgroups. CONCLUSION： Fusion cells are highly expressed not only in FR but also in CD80. The fusion vaccine has a distinctive protective effect against tumor EC109 and can inhibit the growth of tumor in mice, and its immune protection against tumor attack is more significant.展开更多
Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)consist of a great deal of sensor nodes with limited power,computation,storage,sensing and communication capabilities.Data aggregation is a very important technique,which is designed to s...Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)consist of a great deal of sensor nodes with limited power,computation,storage,sensing and communication capabilities.Data aggregation is a very important technique,which is designed to substantially reduce the communication overhead and energy expenditure of sensor node during the process of data collection in a WSNs.However,privacy-preservation is more challenging especially in data aggregation,where the aggregators need to perform some aggregation operations on sensing data it received.We present a state-of-the art survey of privacy-preserving data aggregation in WSNs.At first,we classify the existing privacy-preserving data aggregation schemes into different categories by the core privacy-preserving techniques used in each scheme.And then compare and contrast different algorithms on the basis of performance measures such as the privacy protection ability,communication consumption,power consumption and data accuracy etc.Furthermore,based on the existing work,we also discuss a number of open issues which may intrigue the interest of researchers for future work.展开更多
With Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)increasing in number around the world,their conservation has become a new international research theme.From the perspective of combining theoretical analyses...With Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)increasing in number around the world,their conservation has become a new international research theme.From the perspective of combining theoretical analyses and practical case applications,this study examines the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)conservation pathways and operation mechanisms through industrial integration development(IID).First,the theoretical framework of IID in IAHS sites was constructed according to the requirements of IAHS conservation,which include analyses of the connotation and basic principles of IID,the necessity of IID for IAHS sites,the resource conditions,and the IID pathways.And then based on the theoretical framework,the IID of Longji Terraces in Guangxi,Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in Yunnan(HHRTS),Aohan Dryland Farming System in Inner Mongolia(ADFS),and Huzhou Mulberry-dyke&Fish-pond System(HMFS)in Zhejiang are analyzed systematically.The main finding is that IID is an effective pathway for IAHS conservation.However,the IID in IAHS sites must stress the ecological and cultural values of the resources;IID should be based on local resource advantages;and IID should attach importance to the combination of different policies and coordination between different stakeholders.展开更多
We hypothesized that thrombolysis in combination with neuroprotection might have better therapeutic effects for ischemic stroke compared with thrombolysis alone.In order to verify such hypothesis,we designed a protein...We hypothesized that thrombolysis in combination with neuroprotection might have better therapeutic effects for ischemic stroke compared with thrombolysis alone.In order to verify such hypothesis,we designed a protein TBN by fusing NR6and BH4,which possibly had dual functions of thrombolysis and neuroprotection.NR6was obtained by introducing two RGD motifs to thrombolytic protein AcAP5to target thrombus.BH4is the key domain of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. The DNA fragments encoding TBN and NR6were synthesized and cloned into pET30a and pET16b vectors,respectively.Both proteins were expressed in E.coli.BL21(DE3),mainly in the form of inclusion bodies.With His-tag,NR6was purified by nickel affinity chromatography,while TBN was purified by ion exchange chromatography.Purified proteins were refolded by dialysis assay.The thrombolytic activity of both proteins was evaluated by the rat arteriovenous bypass model.Both NR6and TBN significantly reduced thrombus weight at higher dose (24nmol/kg),TBN showed similar effect to NR6.These results suggested that NR6was a thrombolytic protein,and fusion protein TBN reserved the thrombolytic activation of NR6.The effects of both proteins were also evaluated in thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (eMCAO)in mice.TBN exhibited better effect on reducing infarction volume and inhibiting apoptosis of cells than NR6,indicating that the introduction of BH4increased the protective effect of NR6.The hemorrhagic side effects of the two proteins were evaluated by tail bleeding in mice,and it was found that NR6and TBN showed shorter bleeding time compared with tPA.In conclusion,we designed and prepared the two novel proteins,and testified that they had.significant thrombolytic effect and protective effect on cerebral IR injury.The protective effect of TBN was more potent than NR6.Their bleeding side reaction might be weaker than tPA.These results suggested that these two novel proteins deserved to be further investigated as new thrombolytic candidate agents.展开更多
基金The Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province,China,No.021228
文摘AIM： To develop a fusion vaccine of esophageal carcinoma cells and dendritic cells （DC） and observe its protective and therapeutic effect against esophageal carcinoma cell line 109 （EC109）. METHODS： The fusion vaccine was produced by fusing traditional polyethyleneglycol （PEG）, inducing cytokine, sorting CD34＋ magnetic microbead marker and magnetic cell system （MACS）. The liver, spleen and lung were pathologically tested after injection of the fusion vaccine. To study the therapeutic and protective effect of the fusion vaccine against tumor EC109, mice were divided immune group and therapeutic group. The immune group was divided into P, E, D and ED subgroups, immunized by phosphate buffered solution （PBS）, inactivated EC109, DC and the fusion vaccine respectively, and attacked by EC109 cells. The tumor size, weight, latent period and mouse survival period were recorded and statistically analyzed. The therapeutic group was divided into four subgroups： P, inactivated EC109, D and ED subgroups, which were attacked by EC109 and then treated with PBS, inactivated EC109, DC, and EC109-DC respectively. Pathology and flow cytometry were also used to study the therapeutic effect of the fusion vaccine against EC109 cells.RESULTS： Flow cytometry showed that the expression of folate receptor （FR）, EC109 （C）, Des （D） in human nasopharyngeal carcinoma cell line （HNE1） （B） was 78.21%, 89.50%, and 0.18%, respectively. The fusion cells （C） were highly expressed. No tumor was found in the spleen, lung and liver after injection of the fusion vaccine. Human IgG was tested in peripheral blood lymphocytes （PBL）. In the immune group, the latent period was longer in EC109-DC subgroup than in other subgroups, while the tumor size and weight were also smaller than those in ED subgroup. In the therapeutic group, the tumor size and weight were smaller in ED subgroup than in P, inactivated EC109 and DC subgroups. CONCLUSION： Fusion cells are highly expressed not only in FR but also in CD80. The fusion vaccine has a distinctive protective effect against tumor EC109 and can inhibit the growth of tumor in mice, and its immune protection against tumor attack is more significant.
基金supported in part by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61272084,61202004)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(No.BK20130096)the Project of Natural Science Research of Jiangsu University(No.14KJB520031,No.11KJA520002)
文摘Wireless sensor networks(WSNs)consist of a great deal of sensor nodes with limited power,computation,storage,sensing and communication capabilities.Data aggregation is a very important technique,which is designed to substantially reduce the communication overhead and energy expenditure of sensor node during the process of data collection in a WSNs.However,privacy-preservation is more challenging especially in data aggregation,where the aggregators need to perform some aggregation operations on sensing data it received.We present a state-of-the art survey of privacy-preserving data aggregation in WSNs.At first,we classify the existing privacy-preserving data aggregation schemes into different categories by the core privacy-preserving techniques used in each scheme.And then compare and contrast different algorithms on the basis of performance measures such as the privacy protection ability,communication consumption,power consumption and data accuracy etc.Furthermore,based on the existing work,we also discuss a number of open issues which may intrigue the interest of researchers for future work.
基金The Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program (ASTIP-IAED-2021-06, STIP-IAED-2021-ZD-02)。
文摘With Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(GIAHS)increasing in number around the world,their conservation has become a new international research theme.From the perspective of combining theoretical analyses and practical case applications,this study examines the Important Agricultural Heritage Systems(IAHS)conservation pathways and operation mechanisms through industrial integration development(IID).First,the theoretical framework of IID in IAHS sites was constructed according to the requirements of IAHS conservation,which include analyses of the connotation and basic principles of IID,the necessity of IID for IAHS sites,the resource conditions,and the IID pathways.And then based on the theoretical framework,the IID of Longji Terraces in Guangxi,Honghe Hani Rice Terraces System in Yunnan(HHRTS),Aohan Dryland Farming System in Inner Mongolia(ADFS),and Huzhou Mulberry-dyke&Fish-pond System(HMFS)in Zhejiang are analyzed systematically.The main finding is that IID is an effective pathway for IAHS conservation.However,the IID in IAHS sites must stress the ecological and cultural values of the resources;IID should be based on local resource advantages;and IID should attach importance to the combination of different policies and coordination between different stakeholders.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(Gr ant No.8157333 and 81503060)
文摘We hypothesized that thrombolysis in combination with neuroprotection might have better therapeutic effects for ischemic stroke compared with thrombolysis alone.In order to verify such hypothesis,we designed a protein TBN by fusing NR6and BH4,which possibly had dual functions of thrombolysis and neuroprotection.NR6was obtained by introducing two RGD motifs to thrombolytic protein AcAP5to target thrombus.BH4is the key domain of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-xL. The DNA fragments encoding TBN and NR6were synthesized and cloned into pET30a and pET16b vectors,respectively.Both proteins were expressed in E.coli.BL21(DE3),mainly in the form of inclusion bodies.With His-tag,NR6was purified by nickel affinity chromatography,while TBN was purified by ion exchange chromatography.Purified proteins were refolded by dialysis assay.The thrombolytic activity of both proteins was evaluated by the rat arteriovenous bypass model.Both NR6and TBN significantly reduced thrombus weight at higher dose (24nmol/kg),TBN showed similar effect to NR6.These results suggested that NR6was a thrombolytic protein,and fusion protein TBN reserved the thrombolytic activation of NR6.The effects of both proteins were also evaluated in thromboembolic middle cerebral artery occlusion (eMCAO)in mice.TBN exhibited better effect on reducing infarction volume and inhibiting apoptosis of cells than NR6,indicating that the introduction of BH4increased the protective effect of NR6.The hemorrhagic side effects of the two proteins were evaluated by tail bleeding in mice,and it was found that NR6and TBN showed shorter bleeding time compared with tPA.In conclusion,we designed and prepared the two novel proteins,and testified that they had.significant thrombolytic effect and protective effect on cerebral IR injury.The protective effect of TBN was more potent than NR6.Their bleeding side reaction might be weaker than tPA.These results suggested that these two novel proteins deserved to be further investigated as new thrombolytic candidate agents.
