Radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer is technically difficult and frequently associated with high-grade digestive toxicity.Helical tomotherapy(HT)is a new irradiation modality that combines megavoltage ...Radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer is technically difficult and frequently associated with high-grade digestive toxicity.Helical tomotherapy(HT)is a new irradiation modality that combines megavoltage computed tomography imaging for patient positioning with intensity-modulated fan-beam radiotherapy.Its recent availability opens new fields of exploration for pancreatic radiotherapy as a result of its ability to tailor very well-defined dose distributions around the target volumes.Here,we report the use of HT in two patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Doses to the bowel,kidneys and liver were reduced significantly,which allowed for excellent treatment tolerance without any high-grade adverse effects in either patient.展开更多
AIM:To deduce strategic guidelines of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALTOMA) by evaluating the long-term outcome of patients in respect to various treatment modalities. METHODS:A total of 55 pati...AIM:To deduce strategic guidelines of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALTOMA) by evaluating the long-term outcome of patients in respect to various treatment modalities. METHODS:A total of 55 patients with MALTOMA from May 1992 to August 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS:Complete remission was obtained in 24 (82.8%) of 29 patients treated with anti Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) regimen only.The duration to reach complete remission was 12 months (85 percentile,2-33 months).Five patients showed complete remission with radiation therapy (26-86 months).Two of them were Hpyloritreatment failure cases. CONCLUSION:Hpylorieradication is an effective primary treatment option for low grade MALTOMA and radiation therapy could be considered in patients with no evidence of Hpyloriinfection or who do not respond to Hpylorieradication therapy 12 months after successful eradication.展开更多
A long-pulse plasma discharge for more than 30 min. was achieved on the Large Helical Device （LHD）. A plasma of ne = 0.8 × 10^19 m^-3 and T10 = 2.0 keV was sustained with PICH = 0.52 MW, PECH = 0.1 MW and avera...A long-pulse plasma discharge for more than 30 min. was achieved on the Large Helical Device （LHD）. A plasma of ne = 0.8 × 10^19 m^-3 and T10 = 2.0 keV was sustained with PICH = 0.52 MW, PECH = 0.1 MW and averaged PNBI = 0.067 MW. Total injected heating energy was 1.3 G J, which was a quarter of the prepared RF heating energy. One of the keys to the success of the experiment was a dispersion of the local plasma heat load to divertors, accomplished by shifting the magnetic axis inward and outward.展开更多
A novel pre-ionization scheme of helical transverse-pulsed pre-ionization in a longitudinal discharge CO2 laser is presented. The laser tube is made of glass with inner diameter of 7.5mm and discharge length of 50cm. ...A novel pre-ionization scheme of helical transverse-pulsed pre-ionization in a longitudinal discharge CO2 laser is presented. The laser tube is made of glass with inner diameter of 7.5mm and discharge length of 50cm. The laser performance characteristics as functions of parameters, such as pressure, charging capacitance and applied voltage, are investigated. Compared with the same laser structure without pre-ionization, the maximum pulse energy improves by 23%, the optimum electro-optical efficiency increases by 31%, and the specific output energy reaches 26 J/(L·atm).展开更多
Objective： To investigate the feasibility of posterior fixation with 3.5-mm pedicle screws in the atlantoaxial vertebrae of children. Methods： In this study, atlantoaxial vertebrae specimens were obtained from 10 ca...Objective： To investigate the feasibility of posterior fixation with 3.5-mm pedicle screws in the atlantoaxial vertebrae of children. Methods： In this study, atlantoaxial vertebrae specimens were obtained from 10 cadavers of children aged 6-8 years. We measured the height and width of the C1 pedicle and the midportion of C1 lateral mass; the width of C1 posterior arch under the vertebral artery groove and the height of the external and internal one-third of this part; the external, internal height and the superior, middle, inferior width of the C2 pedicle （transverse foramen）. Furthermore, computed tomography （CT） axial scan was performed on 20 agematched volunteers to obtain relative data of their atlantoaxial vertebrae. We measured the length and width of the C1 and C2 pedicles in the atlantoaxial cross-sectional plane. On CT workstation, we also measured the angles between the longitudinal axes of the atlantoaxial pedicles and the midsagittal plane. Results： For the cadaveric specimen group, the height and width of the C1 pedicle were （5.26±0.44） mm and （6.26±0.75） mm respectively. The height of the medial one-third of the Ct posterior arch under the vertebral artery groove was （4.07±0.24） mm. The external, internal height and superior, middle, inferior width of the C2 pedicle was （6.86±0.48） mm, （6.67±0.49） mm, （6.63 ±0.61） mm, （5.41±0.39） mm and （3.71±0.30） mm, respectively. For the volunteer group measured by CT scan, the height and width of the C1 pedicle were （5.47 ±0.34） mm and （6.63±0.54） mm respectively, while （6.59±0.51） mm and （5.13 ±0.42） mm of the C2 pedicle. The angles between the atlas, axis pedicles and the midsagittal plane were （9.60±1.32）° and （27.80±2.22）° respectively. Conclusion： It is feasible to place a 3.5-mm pedicle screw in the C1 and C2 pedicles of children aged 6-8 years old.展开更多
Objective：Free-hand pedicle screw placement has a high incidence of pedicle perforation which can be reduced with fluoroscopy,navigation or an alternative rapid prototyping drill guide template.In our study the error...Objective：Free-hand pedicle screw placement has a high incidence of pedicle perforation which can be reduced with fluoroscopy,navigation or an alternative rapid prototyping drill guide template.In our study the error rate of multi-level templates for pedicle screw placement in lumbar and sacral regions was evaluated.Methods：A case series study was performed on 11 patients.Seventy-two screws were implanted using multilevel drill guide templates manufactured with selective laser sintering.According to the optimal screw direction preoperatively defined,an analysis of screw misplacement was performed.Displacement,deviation and screw length difference were measured.The learning curve was also estimated.Results：Twelve screws （17％） were placed more than 3.125 mm out of its optimal position in the centre of pedicle.The tip of the 16 screws （22％） was misplaced more than 6.25 mm out of the predicted optimal position.According to our predefined goal,19 screws （26％） were implanted inaccurately.In 10 cases the screw length was selected incorrectly：1 （1％） screw was too long and 9 （13％） were too short.No clinical signs of neurovascular lesion were observed.Learning curve was insignificantly noticeable （P=0.129）.Conclusion：In our study,the procedure of manufacturing and applying multi-level drill guide templates has a 26％ chance of screw misplacement.However,that rate does not coincide with pedicle perforation incidence and neurovascular injury.These facts along with a comparison to compatible studies make it possible to summarize that multi-level templates are satisfactorily accurate and allow precise screw placement with a clinically irrelevant mistake factor.Therefore templates could potentially represent a useful tool for routine pedicle screw placement.展开更多
In order to clarify the unsteady flow fields at low flow-rate region with positive gradient on pressure-flow-rate curve,the experimental investigation was carried out at rotor inlet and outside of rotor blade tip with...In order to clarify the unsteady flow fields at low flow-rate region with positive gradient on pressure-flow-rate curve,the experimental investigation was carried out at rotor inlet and outside of rotor blade tip without casing in a semi-opened propeller fan using a hot-wire anemometer.A single I-type hot-wire probe was used,and the data obtained were processed by the use of phase-locked averaging,ensemble averaging and FFT analyzing.The flow fields at rotor inlet and outside of rotor blade tip were discussed mainly using the results from distributions of velocity fluctuations and power spectrum density.It was found from these results that there are the two types of different periodical fluctuations and both of those frequencies were not the same of rotor rotating frequency(RRF;15Hz).One was observed at relatively high flow-rate region at relatively downstream area in measurement and its frequency was approximately 7Hz(47% of RRF).The other was observed at relatively low flow-rate region at relatively upstream area in measurement and its frequency was approximately 10Hz(67% of RRF)".As the velocity fluctuations with the flow fields are rapidly increased by the former fluctuation,it is thought that its fluctuation is the trigger of blade stall.展开更多
文摘Radiotherapy for locally advanced pancreatic cancer is technically difficult and frequently associated with high-grade digestive toxicity.Helical tomotherapy(HT)is a new irradiation modality that combines megavoltage computed tomography imaging for patient positioning with intensity-modulated fan-beam radiotherapy.Its recent availability opens new fields of exploration for pancreatic radiotherapy as a result of its ability to tailor very well-defined dose distributions around the target volumes.Here,we report the use of HT in two patients with locally advanced pancreatic cancer. Doses to the bowel,kidneys and liver were reduced significantly,which allowed for excellent treatment tolerance without any high-grade adverse effects in either patient.
文摘AIM:To deduce strategic guidelines of gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (MALTOMA) by evaluating the long-term outcome of patients in respect to various treatment modalities. METHODS:A total of 55 patients with MALTOMA from May 1992 to August 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. RESULTS:Complete remission was obtained in 24 (82.8%) of 29 patients treated with anti Helicobacter pylori (Hpylori) regimen only.The duration to reach complete remission was 12 months (85 percentile,2-33 months).Five patients showed complete remission with radiation therapy (26-86 months).Two of them were Hpyloritreatment failure cases. CONCLUSION:Hpylorieradication is an effective primary treatment option for low grade MALTOMA and radiation therapy could be considered in patients with no evidence of Hpyloriinfection or who do not respond to Hpylorieradication therapy 12 months after successful eradication.
基金supported in part by the JSPS-CAS Core-University Program in the field of Plasma and Nuclear Fusion
文摘A long-pulse plasma discharge for more than 30 min. was achieved on the Large Helical Device （LHD）. A plasma of ne = 0.8 × 10^19 m^-3 and T10 = 2.0 keV was sustained with PICH = 0.52 MW, PECH = 0.1 MW and averaged PNBI = 0.067 MW. Total injected heating energy was 1.3 G J, which was a quarter of the prepared RF heating energy. One of the keys to the success of the experiment was a dispersion of the local plasma heat load to divertors, accomplished by shifting the magnetic axis inward and outward.
文摘A novel pre-ionization scheme of helical transverse-pulsed pre-ionization in a longitudinal discharge CO2 laser is presented. The laser tube is made of glass with inner diameter of 7.5mm and discharge length of 50cm. The laser performance characteristics as functions of parameters, such as pressure, charging capacitance and applied voltage, are investigated. Compared with the same laser structure without pre-ionization, the maximum pulse energy improves by 23%, the optimum electro-optical efficiency increases by 31%, and the specific output energy reaches 26 J/(L·atm).
文摘Objective： To investigate the feasibility of posterior fixation with 3.5-mm pedicle screws in the atlantoaxial vertebrae of children. Methods： In this study, atlantoaxial vertebrae specimens were obtained from 10 cadavers of children aged 6-8 years. We measured the height and width of the C1 pedicle and the midportion of C1 lateral mass; the width of C1 posterior arch under the vertebral artery groove and the height of the external and internal one-third of this part; the external, internal height and the superior, middle, inferior width of the C2 pedicle （transverse foramen）. Furthermore, computed tomography （CT） axial scan was performed on 20 agematched volunteers to obtain relative data of their atlantoaxial vertebrae. We measured the length and width of the C1 and C2 pedicles in the atlantoaxial cross-sectional plane. On CT workstation, we also measured the angles between the longitudinal axes of the atlantoaxial pedicles and the midsagittal plane. Results： For the cadaveric specimen group, the height and width of the C1 pedicle were （5.26±0.44） mm and （6.26±0.75） mm respectively. The height of the medial one-third of the Ct posterior arch under the vertebral artery groove was （4.07±0.24） mm. The external, internal height and superior, middle, inferior width of the C2 pedicle was （6.86±0.48） mm, （6.67±0.49） mm, （6.63 ±0.61） mm, （5.41±0.39） mm and （3.71±0.30） mm, respectively. For the volunteer group measured by CT scan, the height and width of the C1 pedicle were （5.47 ±0.34） mm and （6.63±0.54） mm respectively, while （6.59±0.51） mm and （5.13 ±0.42） mm of the C2 pedicle. The angles between the atlas, axis pedicles and the midsagittal plane were （9.60±1.32）° and （27.80±2.22）° respectively. Conclusion： It is feasible to place a 3.5-mm pedicle screw in the C1 and C2 pedicles of children aged 6-8 years old.
文摘Objective：Free-hand pedicle screw placement has a high incidence of pedicle perforation which can be reduced with fluoroscopy,navigation or an alternative rapid prototyping drill guide template.In our study the error rate of multi-level templates for pedicle screw placement in lumbar and sacral regions was evaluated.Methods：A case series study was performed on 11 patients.Seventy-two screws were implanted using multilevel drill guide templates manufactured with selective laser sintering.According to the optimal screw direction preoperatively defined,an analysis of screw misplacement was performed.Displacement,deviation and screw length difference were measured.The learning curve was also estimated.Results：Twelve screws （17％） were placed more than 3.125 mm out of its optimal position in the centre of pedicle.The tip of the 16 screws （22％） was misplaced more than 6.25 mm out of the predicted optimal position.According to our predefined goal,19 screws （26％） were implanted inaccurately.In 10 cases the screw length was selected incorrectly：1 （1％） screw was too long and 9 （13％） were too short.No clinical signs of neurovascular lesion were observed.Learning curve was insignificantly noticeable （P=0.129）.Conclusion：In our study,the procedure of manufacturing and applying multi-level drill guide templates has a 26％ chance of screw misplacement.However,that rate does not coincide with pedicle perforation incidence and neurovascular injury.These facts along with a comparison to compatible studies make it possible to summarize that multi-level templates are satisfactorily accurate and allow precise screw placement with a clinically irrelevant mistake factor.Therefore templates could potentially represent a useful tool for routine pedicle screw placement.
文摘In order to clarify the unsteady flow fields at low flow-rate region with positive gradient on pressure-flow-rate curve,the experimental investigation was carried out at rotor inlet and outside of rotor blade tip without casing in a semi-opened propeller fan using a hot-wire anemometer.A single I-type hot-wire probe was used,and the data obtained were processed by the use of phase-locked averaging,ensemble averaging and FFT analyzing.The flow fields at rotor inlet and outside of rotor blade tip were discussed mainly using the results from distributions of velocity fluctuations and power spectrum density.It was found from these results that there are the two types of different periodical fluctuations and both of those frequencies were not the same of rotor rotating frequency(RRF;15Hz).One was observed at relatively high flow-rate region at relatively downstream area in measurement and its frequency was approximately 7Hz(47% of RRF).The other was observed at relatively low flow-rate region at relatively upstream area in measurement and its frequency was approximately 10Hz(67% of RRF)".As the velocity fluctuations with the flow fields are rapidly increased by the former fluctuation,it is thought that its fluctuation is the trigger of blade stall.
