基于S构型内检式EMAT的管道裂纹电磁超声螺旋导波定量检测

为了解决传统轴向导波对管道斜向裂纹检测灵敏度低的缺点,基于电磁超声螺旋导波检测机理,提出了一种适用于管道斜向裂纹检测的S构型内检式EMAT(电磁超声换能器)。针对所提换能器,建立金属管道电磁超声螺旋导波检测有限元模型,探究不同螺旋角螺旋导波在管道上的传播过程和回波信号特征。搭建了电磁超声螺旋导波检测试验系统,采用所提EMAT和L(0,2)轴向导波EMAT对斜向裂纹进行检测。试验结果表明,S构型内检式EMAT对于斜向裂纹具有更高的检测灵敏度,对于裂纹的高分辨率检测具有重要意义。

基于空间拓展法的管道高阶螺旋导波波包追踪方法研究

螺旋导波是管道短距离高精度层析成像技术采用的主要导波模态,可以有效地提高成像分辨率,弥补目前管道导波长距离大范围检测精度低的缺点,在管道腐蚀检测中具有重要意义。然而由于导波的频散及螺旋导波的多路径传播特性,换能器接收到的检测信号波包众多,且经常发生重叠。为了便于分析这些波包的来源,需要有效的方法来计算各阶螺旋传播路径的长度及波包到达时间,进行波包追踪。推导了基于空间拓展法的管道高阶螺旋导波传播路径的计算模型,并针对各向均匀辐射的柱面波前兰姆波形成的管道螺旋导波,进行了数值计算和实验验证,证明了模型的正确性及其在波包追踪中的有效性。对利用管道螺旋导波进行检测及层析成像具有理论指导作用。

基于电磁超声换能器阵列的管道螺旋导波传播规律研究

螺旋导波因在管道超声导波层析成像中的巨大应用价值,近年来受到研究者们的重视。阐述管道螺旋导波的激发/接收条件、传播路径和波前形状等规律。建立FE模型,研究由圆环波前S_0模态兰姆波在管道上形成螺旋导波的过程。组建了双环24阵元的电磁超声换能器阵列及试验系统,170k Hz下激发圆环波前S_0模态兰姆波在管道中产生螺旋导波,试验研究了激励源所在圆周及管段上的波动场信号特征。仿真和试验结果表明,管道螺旋导波实质上是兰姆波在曲面上的传播形态,可由管道某处点源激发兰姆波产生,主要存在于波动场的近场。由于管道结构的封闭性,兰姆波的波前在管道上反复交叉前行,形成了螺旋传播路径。从波源到管道上任意一点的螺旋导波传播路径有无数条,各阶螺旋角不连续。利用螺旋导波进行管段检测提供了缺陷的多角度入射信息,对缺陷高分辨率检测具有重要意义。

管道电磁超声导波技术及其应用研究进展

超声导波理论研究的不断深入、导波固有的可用于长距离大范围高效检测的性能优势,以及电磁超声技术实现上具有的非接触特点等,共同促进了电磁超声导波技术的研究、发展和应用。梳理管道电磁超声导波技术近些年来在周向导波、轴向导波和螺旋导波方面的理论研究进展及技术应用情况,具体对比了板状和管状结构导波,归纳了不同模态导波换能器的特点,分析了导波与管道缺陷的相互作用,介绍了上述导波在管道缺陷定位、尺寸量化和成像中的应用,即回顾了管道电磁超声导波技术的研究及应用现状,并展望了其今后的研究方向和发展趋势。

Spiral Waves and Multiple Spatial Coherence Resonances Induced by Colored Noise in Neuronal Network

Gaussian colored noise induced spatial patterns and spatial coherence resonances in a square lattice neuronal network composed of Morris-Lecar neurons are studied.Each neuron is at resting state near a saddle-node bifurcation on invariant circle,coupled to its nearest neighbors by electronic coupling.Spiral waves with different structures and disordered spatial structures can be alternately induced within a large range of noise intensity.By calculating spatial structure function and signal-to-noise ratio(SNR),it is found that SNR values are higher when the spiral structures are simple and are lower when the spatial patterns are complex or disordered,respectively.SNR manifest multiple local maximal peaks,indicating that the colored noise can induce multiple spatial coherence resonances.The maximal SNR values decrease as the correlation time of the noise increases.These results not only provide an example of multiple resonances,but also show that Gaussian colored noise play constructive roles in neuronal network.

Study and Design of Spiral Bent Waveguide Configuration

A new version of the scalar transverse electric(TE) wave equation in the bent waveguide is introduced. Then, TE polarized field in curved single-mode waveguides is analyzed by using the finite-difference beam propagation method(FD-BPM). The bending loss in bent waveguides is gotten for the optical fields obtained from BPM and comparisons are made among losses of the waveguides with various curvature radiuses, refractive index differences and cross sections. Based on the results, the design of spiral bent waveguide configuration is proposed as follows: refractive index difference being of 0.007, both width and thickness of waveguides being of 6 μm, the curvature radius in the spiral centre being of 4 mm, and the bending loss coefficient of the designed spiral bent waveguide being of 0.302 3 dB/cm.

RESEARCH ON SCHEME OF HIGH-SPEED ROTOR／WING TRANSITION HELICOPTER RD15

To analyze the existing schemes of high-speed rotorcrafts and some new technologies, a new conceptual sketch of the high-speed rotor/wing transition helicopter RD15 is proposed. The overall layout of the RD15 is given out and the transition process from the helicopter mode to the airplane mode is designed. The lift system consists of a circular disk-wing with four retractable blades. The technology of individual blade control is adopted for flight control in hover and low speed flight. The tail is a vectored thrust duct propeller. It can provide the anti-torque in hover, and offer the multi-directional controls and propulsion drive for the airplane mode flight. The aerodynamic characteristics and key technologies in the transition process for this layout, including the nose up angle of disk-wing, the length of the blade, rotation speed, pitch angle and other parameters, are theoretically ana lyzed and experimentally tested. Calculation and experiments show that the shift process of the lift, the power and controls are smooth, and the designed scheme is feasible.

Autapse-induced target wave, spiral wave in regular network of neurons

Autapse is a type of synapse that connects axon and dendrites of the same neuron, and the effect is often detected by close-loop feedback in axonal action potentials to the owned dendritic tree. An artificial autapse was introduced into the Hindmarsh-Rose neuron model, and a regular network was designed to detect the regular pattern formation induced by autapse. It was found that target wave emerged in the network even when only a single autapse was considered. By increasing the(autapse density) number of neurons with autapse, for example, a regular area(2×2, 3×3, 4×4, 5×5 neurons) under autapse induced target wave by selecting the feedback gain and time-delay in autapse. Spiral waves were also observed under optimized feedback gain and time delay in autapses because of coherence-like resonance in the network induced by some electric autapses connected to some neurons. This confirmed that the electric autapse has a critical role in exciting and regulating the collective behaviors of neurons by generating stable regular waves(target waves, spiral waves) in the network. The wave length of the induced travelling wave(target wave, spiral wave), because of local effect of autapse, was also calculated to understand the waveprofile in the network of neurons.

Parameter Diversity Induced Multiple Spatial Coherence Resonances and Spiral Waves in Neuronal Network with and Without Noise

Diversity in the neurons and noise are inevitable in the real neuronal network.In this paper,parameter diversity induced spiral waves and multiple spatial coherence resonances in a two-dimensional neuronal network without or with noise are simulated.The relationship between the multiple resonances and the multiple transitions between patterns of spiral waves are identified.The coherence degrees induced by the diversity are suppressed when noise is introduced and noise density is increased.The results suggest that natural nervous system might profit from both parameter diversity and noise,provided a possible approach to control formation and transition of spiral wave by the cooperation between the diversity and noise.

Robustness, Death of Spiral Wave in the Network of Neurons under Partial Ion Channel Block

The development of spiral wave in a two-dimensional square array due to partial ion channel block （Potas- sium, Sodium） is investigated, the dynamics of the node is described by Hodgkin-Huxley neuron and these neurons are coupled with nearest neig1 bor connection. The parameter ratio xNa （and xK）, which defines the ratio of working ion channel number of sodium （potassium） to the total ion channel number of sodium （and potassium）, is used to measure the shift conductance induced by channel block. The distribution of statistical variable R in the two-parameter phase space （parameter ratio vs. poisoning area） is extensively calculated to mark the parameter region for transition of spiral wave induced by partial ion channel block, the area with smaller factors of synchronization R is associated the parameter region that spiral wave keeps Mive and robust to the channel poisoning. SpirM wave keeps alive when the poisoned area （potassium or sodium） and degree of intoxication are small, distinct transition （death, several spiral waves coexist or multi-axm spiral wave emergence） occurs under moderate ratio XNa （and XK） when the size of blocked area exceeds certain thresholds. Breakup of spiral wave occurs and multi-axm of spiral waves are observed when the channel noise is considered.

Meandering Spiral Waves Induced by Time-Periodic Coupling Strength

Effects of time-periodic coupling strength （TPCS） on spiral waves dynamics are studied by numerical computations and mathematical analyses. We find that meandering or drifting spirals waves, which are not observed for the case of constant coupling strength, can be induced by TPCS. In particular, a transition between outward petal and inward petal meandering spirals is observed when the period of TPCS is varied. These two types of meandering spirals are separated by a drifting spiral, which can be induced by TPCS when the period of TPCS is very close to that of rigidly rotating spiral. Similar results can be obtained if the coupling strength is modulated by a rectangle wave. Furthermore, a kinetic model for spiral movement suggested by Diet al., [Phys. Rev. E 85 （2012） 046216] is applied for explaining the above findings. The theoretical results are in good qualitative agreement with numerical simulations.

A VHF band HTS filter based on modified single-spiral resonators for radio astronomy application

A 10-pole quasi-elliptic bandpass filter （BPF） with a relatively wide passband in the very high frequency （VHF） band was de- signed and fabricated using YBCO thin films deposited on both sides of a LaAIO3 substrate. Single-spiral resonators were modified to generate strong coupling and reduce the parasitic coupling, We analysed the coupling polarities between the modi- fied resonators. Two pairs of attenuation poles were introduced in the filter for sharp cut-off response. The measurements showed that the filter has a centre frequency of 255.8 MHz, fractional bandwidth of about 12.3%, insertion loss of smaller than 0.265 dB, and the return loss in the passband of better than 17.5 dB, in zood a^reement with computer simulations.