Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effect...Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.展开更多
Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） is a fruit decay pests attacking apples, pears and other fruits, and it is an important quarantine pests in China. In recent years, the momentum of the eastward aggression of the insect in...Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） is a fruit decay pests attacking apples, pears and other fruits, and it is an important quarantine pests in China. In recent years, the momentum of the eastward aggression of the insect in our country was more and more serious, and the harm degree was deepening. If Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） is introduced, fruit production will be significantly affected in Hebei Province. The damage characteristics, morphological characteristics and life habit of Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） were reviewed, and the control measures were proposed, in order to provide technical support for promoting the sound development of fruit industries in Hebei province.展开更多
This study aims to evaluate the potentialities of Pseudocytisus integrifolius （Salisb） Rehder （Brassicaceae） as a botanical insecticide for the protection of stored wheat against two pests of stored grain. The ess...This study aims to evaluate the potentialities of Pseudocytisus integrifolius （Salisb） Rehder （Brassicaceae） as a botanical insecticide for the protection of stored wheat against two pests of stored grain. The essential oil of Pseudoeytisus integrifolius was tested at different doses on adults of Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. （Bostrychidae） and Sitophilus granarius Linn. （Curculionidae）, at a temperature of 28 ~C and a relative humidity of 75%. This oil has insecticidal activity and gives, for the studied adults, a very significant reduction. The essential oil extracted from Pseudocytisus integrifolius is toxic on Rhyzopertha dominica with LDs0 = 2.61 ~tL/30g grain and LDs0 = 3.99 ~L/30g grain for Sitophilus granarius, the chemical composition analysis shows the richness of the essential oil compounds known for their insecticidal properties as dimethyl disulfide （DMDS） and dimethyl trisulfide explains the results.展开更多
The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) has been used for many years as biological agent for codling moth control in apple orchards. Resistance to the Mexican strain of CpGV was detected in orchards in Germany, France...The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) has been used for many years as biological agent for codling moth control in apple orchards. Resistance to the Mexican strain of CpGV was detected in orchards in Germany, France and Italy. A laboratory insect colony was started from insects collected in a French resistant orchard. It was named RGV. Various virus isolates were identified as active against this resistant insect colony. Field tests were carried out in 2007 to test if the two virus isolates CpGV-I12 and NPP-R1 were effective in the field. Although these virus isolates were not able to reduce insect caused fruit damages, they significantly reduced the overwintering insect populations. NPP-R1 was subjected to eight passages on RGV larvae (NPP-R1.8) that improved its biological activity on RGV larvae. 2008 field trials were set up to test this improved virus strain, compared to CpGV-I12 and Madex plus active on RGV. These tests confirmed the ability to control both in susceptible and resistant insect populations.展开更多
文摘Codling moth Cydiapomonella L. is the most serious pest of apple and pear worldwide and causes damage and decreased yields. To minimize this risk, IPM tools can be applied to reduce the use of chemicals. A cost-effective application of IPM depends on the number of insects at the time of application. Several conditions and factors influence the lifecycle and numbers of generations within a year. In order to perform ex-ante evaluations of the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures against pest insects, the generic PREMISE insect model has been developed, which integrates insect＇s population dynamics, the climate and other conditions, applied measures, economics, environment and human health （residues）. This paper describes these components of the PREMISE insect model, and how these components interact to assess the cost-effectiveness of IPM measures and the effects on the environment and human health. Codling moth is used as a case study for this generic model.
文摘Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） is a fruit decay pests attacking apples, pears and other fruits, and it is an important quarantine pests in China. In recent years, the momentum of the eastward aggression of the insect in our country was more and more serious, and the harm degree was deepening. If Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） is introduced, fruit production will be significantly affected in Hebei Province. The damage characteristics, morphological characteristics and life habit of Cydia pomonella （Linnaeus） were reviewed, and the control measures were proposed, in order to provide technical support for promoting the sound development of fruit industries in Hebei province.
文摘This study aims to evaluate the potentialities of Pseudocytisus integrifolius （Salisb） Rehder （Brassicaceae） as a botanical insecticide for the protection of stored wheat against two pests of stored grain. The essential oil of Pseudoeytisus integrifolius was tested at different doses on adults of Rhyzopertha dominica Fab. （Bostrychidae） and Sitophilus granarius Linn. （Curculionidae）, at a temperature of 28 ~C and a relative humidity of 75%. This oil has insecticidal activity and gives, for the studied adults, a very significant reduction. The essential oil extracted from Pseudocytisus integrifolius is toxic on Rhyzopertha dominica with LDs0 = 2.61 ~tL/30g grain and LDs0 = 3.99 ~L/30g grain for Sitophilus granarius, the chemical composition analysis shows the richness of the essential oil compounds known for their insecticidal properties as dimethyl disulfide （DMDS） and dimethyl trisulfide explains the results.
基金supported by the French Research Agency (ANR-06-RIB-003-02) and by NPP
文摘The Cydia pomonella granulovirus (CpGV) has been used for many years as biological agent for codling moth control in apple orchards. Resistance to the Mexican strain of CpGV was detected in orchards in Germany, France and Italy. A laboratory insect colony was started from insects collected in a French resistant orchard. It was named RGV. Various virus isolates were identified as active against this resistant insect colony. Field tests were carried out in 2007 to test if the two virus isolates CpGV-I12 and NPP-R1 were effective in the field. Although these virus isolates were not able to reduce insect caused fruit damages, they significantly reduced the overwintering insect populations. NPP-R1 was subjected to eight passages on RGV larvae (NPP-R1.8) that improved its biological activity on RGV larvae. 2008 field trials were set up to test this improved virus strain, compared to CpGV-I12 and Madex plus active on RGV. These tests confirmed the ability to control both in susceptible and resistant insect populations.
