1994年4月至6月和1995年5月至7月,作者先后在贵州省水城县采到角蟾属Megophrys标本一种,经与角蟾属已知种比较,特别是与相近种大花角蟾Megophrys giganticus(Liu,Hu et Yang)在外部形态和头骨特征方面的深入研究,其差异明显,被确定为新...1994年4月至6月和1995年5月至7月,作者先后在贵州省水城县采到角蟾属Megophrys标本一种,经与角蟾属已知种比较,特别是与相近种大花角蟾Megophrys giganticus(Liu,Hu et Yang)在外部形态和头骨特征方面的深入研究,其差异明显,被确定为新种,即水城角蟾M·shuichengensis。本文对新种的形态特征及生态资料作了记述。展开更多
The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and ...The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and Sony tape with an external microphone.All recordings were analyzed with an IBM PC based 'SIGNAL' software analysis system (Engineering Design,USA).The range of analyzed frequency was set as 0-10 kHz.Acoustic analysis shows that the dominant frequency of L.oshanensis,M.minor,M.sp.,S.(S.)chintingensis,O.omeimontis,and O.schmidti is 4521.9,3456.4,2293.8,1076.5,1071.0 and 1849.4 Hz on average respectively;the note duration is 46.2,90.8,99.6,72.2,78.8 and 110.3 millisecond on average respectively;the note interval is 140.4,253.0,681.4,1517.7,461.3 and 619.5 millisecond on average respectively.One-Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there are significant differences among the analyzed six forms on the dominant frequency,the note duration,and the note interval (P<0.01).Multiple comparisons using Least-Significant Difference (LSD) show that the difference of the dominant frequency between S.(S.) chintingensis and O.omeimontis is not significant (P=0.917>0.05);on the note duration,only L.oshanensis is significantly different from M.minor,M.sp.,O.omeimontis and O.schmidti (P<0.01);on the note interval,L.oshanensis is not significantly different from M.minor,the same with M.sp.versus O.schmidti and O.omeimontis versus O.schmidti (P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicates that there are no significant correlation among the three acoustic characters of dominant frequency,note duration and note interval,and two environmental factors of the elevation and air temperature (P>0.05) except that the note interval is significantly linear correlated with the elevation (r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).In the light of above,it is suggested that acoustic characteristics of calls are useful in distinguishing forms;the change of the note interval with the elevation may be a kind of strategy of reproduction.展开更多
Allozymes of eleven species of Megophryinae in China were examined electrophoretically to investigate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Fourteen enzymes, presumptively coded by 24 loci were detected to...Allozymes of eleven species of Megophryinae in China were examined electrophoretically to investigate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Fourteen enzymes, presumptively coded by 24 loci were detected to be variable. Gene frequencies of each population at each locus were presented. The commonly used measure of genetic diversity, the average heterozygosity (H) were calculated based on gene frequencies. The results indicated that Megophryinae had a high level of genetic diversity in amphibians, an average H of 0.18, ranging from 0.058 to 0.28. Nei's (1978) genetic distances(Nei's D) were calculated for all possible population pairs. A dendrogram of 13 populations representing 11 species, 3 genera of Megophryinae were derived and presented by using UPGMA, based on Nei' s D. The assignment of Ophryophryne as a distinct genus were supported by an average Nei's D of 1.4067 which separated O. microstoma from all other populations.Subdivision of Brachytarsophrys from Megophrys was not supported by this study. Within Megophrys, three groups were recognized: (1)M. lateralis, M. giganticus and M. longipes; (2)M. palpebralespineosa, M. boettgeri and M. parva;(3) M. minor and M. kuatunensis. Three populations of M. omeimontis were closely related and share a clade independent from all other Megophrys, and B. feae as well.展开更多
文摘1994年4月至6月和1995年5月至7月,作者先后在贵州省水城县采到角蟾属Megophrys标本一种,经与角蟾属已知种比较,特别是与相近种大花角蟾Megophrys giganticus(Liu,Hu et Yang)在外部形态和头骨特征方面的深入研究,其差异明显,被确定为新种,即水城角蟾M·shuichengensis。本文对新种的形态特征及生态资料作了记述。
文摘The mating calls of six forms belonging to four genera Megophrys,Oreloalax,Scutiger and Leptolalax were recorded in Wawu Mountain National Forest Park,Sichuan Province of China,using cassette tape recorder (Aiwa) and Sony tape with an external microphone.All recordings were analyzed with an IBM PC based 'SIGNAL' software analysis system (Engineering Design,USA).The range of analyzed frequency was set as 0-10 kHz.Acoustic analysis shows that the dominant frequency of L.oshanensis,M.minor,M.sp.,S.(S.)chintingensis,O.omeimontis,and O.schmidti is 4521.9,3456.4,2293.8,1076.5,1071.0 and 1849.4 Hz on average respectively;the note duration is 46.2,90.8,99.6,72.2,78.8 and 110.3 millisecond on average respectively;the note interval is 140.4,253.0,681.4,1517.7,461.3 and 619.5 millisecond on average respectively.One-Way ANOVA analysis indicates that there are significant differences among the analyzed six forms on the dominant frequency,the note duration,and the note interval (P<0.01).Multiple comparisons using Least-Significant Difference (LSD) show that the difference of the dominant frequency between S.(S.) chintingensis and O.omeimontis is not significant (P=0.917>0.05);on the note duration,only L.oshanensis is significantly different from M.minor,M.sp.,O.omeimontis and O.schmidti (P<0.01);on the note interval,L.oshanensis is not significantly different from M.minor,the same with M.sp.versus O.schmidti and O.omeimontis versus O.schmidti (P>0.05).Correlation analysis indicates that there are no significant correlation among the three acoustic characters of dominant frequency,note duration and note interval,and two environmental factors of the elevation and air temperature (P>0.05) except that the note interval is significantly linear correlated with the elevation (r=0.943,P=0.005<0.01).In the light of above,it is suggested that acoustic characteristics of calls are useful in distinguishing forms;the change of the note interval with the elevation may be a kind of strategy of reproduction.
基金This work was financially supported by Natural Science Foundation of China.
文摘Allozymes of eleven species of Megophryinae in China were examined electrophoretically to investigate genetic diversity and phylogenetic relationships. Fourteen enzymes, presumptively coded by 24 loci were detected to be variable. Gene frequencies of each population at each locus were presented. The commonly used measure of genetic diversity, the average heterozygosity (H) were calculated based on gene frequencies. The results indicated that Megophryinae had a high level of genetic diversity in amphibians, an average H of 0.18, ranging from 0.058 to 0.28. Nei's (1978) genetic distances(Nei's D) were calculated for all possible population pairs. A dendrogram of 13 populations representing 11 species, 3 genera of Megophryinae were derived and presented by using UPGMA, based on Nei' s D. The assignment of Ophryophryne as a distinct genus were supported by an average Nei's D of 1.4067 which separated O. microstoma from all other populations.Subdivision of Brachytarsophrys from Megophrys was not supported by this study. Within Megophrys, three groups were recognized: (1)M. lateralis, M. giganticus and M. longipes; (2)M. palpebralespineosa, M. boettgeri and M. parva;(3) M. minor and M. kuatunensis. Three populations of M. omeimontis were closely related and share a clade independent from all other Megophrys, and B. feae as well.
