Although emerging studies from high-income countries investigated the relationship between sedentary behavior(SB) and cardiovascular risk,little evidence came from developing countries.Moreover,the benefits of realloc...Although emerging studies from high-income countries investigated the relationship between sedentary behavior(SB) and cardiovascular risk,little evidence came from developing countries.Moreover,the benefits of reallocating time from SB to physical activity(PA) on incident cardiovascular disease(CVD) are unknown.Using three cohorts from the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China project,we included 93 110 adults who were free from CVD at baseline.Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) for CVD,including stroke,coronary heart disease,and CVD death.Isotemporal substitution models were applied to estimate the per-hour effects of replacing SB with PA.After 5.8 years follow-up,3799 CVD cases were identified.A gradient positive association between sedentary time and incident CVD was observed.Relative to those with <5 h/d sedentary time,the multivariable-adjusted HRs(95% CIs) of CVD incidence were 1.07(0.96-1.20),1.27(1.13-1.43) and 1.51(1.34-1.70) for those having 5-<8,8-<10,and> 10 h/d sedentary time,respectively.When participants were cross-classified by SB and moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) level,the CVD risk was highest in those with> 10 h/d SB and <150 min/week MVPA.Among those who reported> 5 h/d sedentary time,per-hour substitution of SB with light,moderate,and vigorous PA reduced incident CVD risk by 5%,6%,and 8%,respectively.The study first found that sedentary time was associated with increased incident CVD risk among Chinese adults and that substitution of SB with PA of any intensity could convey cardiovascular benefits among those with> 5 h/d SB.展开更多
文摘目的了解单采深度自体储血技术在低比例血型孕妇中的临床应用情况。方法选择低比例血型孕妇于产前1-3周进行单采深度自体储血,一次采集2.0-3.0 U自体浓缩红细胞和1.0治疗剂量自体血小板,分娩时或分娩后将自体血回输给产妇。观察采血过程及分娩后母婴情况,比较采血前及回输后Hb和Plt的水平。结果 7例低比例血型产妇在产前进行单采深度自体储血,采血过程孕妇及胎儿生命体征平稳,平均采集自体浓缩红细胞(2.9±0.4) U和自体血小板1.0治疗剂量。分娩24 h内的平均出血量(367.0±109.5) mL,所有产妇均于分娩时或分娩后回输了自体血且未输注异体血。产妇分娩前后Hb(g/L)分别为125.0±11.8 vs. 112.4±13.1(P<0.05),Plt(×10~9/L)分别为217.0±57.1 vs. 190.6±38.5(P<0.05)。产后母婴状况良好,分娩后2-4(3.3±0.8)d出院。结论单采深度自体储血技术应用于低比例血型孕妇分娩是一项安全、高效的自体储血方式,既能够大量采集自体红细胞和血小板,可减少甚至避免异体输血及其带来的输血风险,同时对母婴无不良影响。该技术在孕产妇备血中具有良好的临床应用前景。
基金supported by the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences (2019-I2M-2-003, 2017-I2M-1-004)National Key R&D Program of China (2017YFC0211700 and 2018YFE0115300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91643208)。
文摘Although emerging studies from high-income countries investigated the relationship between sedentary behavior(SB) and cardiovascular risk,little evidence came from developing countries.Moreover,the benefits of reallocating time from SB to physical activity(PA) on incident cardiovascular disease(CVD) are unknown.Using three cohorts from the Prediction for Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease Risk in China project,we included 93 110 adults who were free from CVD at baseline.Cox proportional hazards models were used to calculate the hazard ratios(HRs) and 95% confidence intervals(CIs) for CVD,including stroke,coronary heart disease,and CVD death.Isotemporal substitution models were applied to estimate the per-hour effects of replacing SB with PA.After 5.8 years follow-up,3799 CVD cases were identified.A gradient positive association between sedentary time and incident CVD was observed.Relative to those with <5 h/d sedentary time,the multivariable-adjusted HRs(95% CIs) of CVD incidence were 1.07(0.96-1.20),1.27(1.13-1.43) and 1.51(1.34-1.70) for those having 5-<8,8-<10,and> 10 h/d sedentary time,respectively.When participants were cross-classified by SB and moderate to vigorous physical activity(MVPA) level,the CVD risk was highest in those with> 10 h/d SB and <150 min/week MVPA.Among those who reported> 5 h/d sedentary time,per-hour substitution of SB with light,moderate,and vigorous PA reduced incident CVD risk by 5%,6%,and 8%,respectively.The study first found that sedentary time was associated with increased incident CVD risk among Chinese adults and that substitution of SB with PA of any intensity could convey cardiovascular benefits among those with> 5 h/d SB.
